【Android基础】OkHttp

OkHttp是一个优秀的网络请求框架

一、OkHttp进行Get请求

1、使用步骤

1）添加依赖

dependencies {
    ......
    implementation 'com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:4.9.0'
}

2）新建一个OkHttpClient实例

OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();

3）构造Request对象

        Request request = new Request.Builder()
                .get()//默认就是GET请求，可以不写
                .url(url)//设置请求网址
                .build();

4）构建Call对象

Call call = client.newCall(request);

5）根据需要调用同步或者异步请求方式

同步一定要在子线程操作（new Thread）
异步可以在主线程操作。

• 同步
  同步方式会阻塞调用线程，所以在Android中应放在子线程中执行。

        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    Response response = call.execute()；
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }).start();

• 异步
  异步调用的回调函数是在子线程，不能在子线程更新UI，需要借助于runOnUiThread()方法或者Handler来处理。

        call.enqueue(new Callback() {
            @Override
            public void onFailure(@NotNull Call call, @NotNull IOException e) {
            }

            @Override
            public void onResponse(@NotNull Call call, @NotNull Response response) throws IOException {
                final String str = response.body().string();

                runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        ......
                    }
                });
            }
        });

Response：结果响应。

• 获得返回的字符串，通过response.body().string()
• 获得返回的二进制字节数组，通过response.body().bytes()
• 获得返回的inputStream，通过response.body().byteStream()

2、同步Get请求bitmap

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private ImageView responseview;

    private String url = "https://ss2.bdstatic.com/70cFvnSh_Q1YnxGkpoWK1HF6hhy/it/u=2239146502,165013516&fm=27&gp=0.jpg";

    private Handler handler = new Handler(){
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(@NonNull Message msg) {
            Bitmap bitmap = (Bitmap) msg.obj;
            responseview.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
        }
    };

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        responseview = findViewById(R.id.response_view);

        OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
        Request request = new Request.Builder()
                .get()//默认就是GET请求，可以不写
                .url(url)//设置请求网址
                .build();

        final Call call = client.newCall(request);

        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    Response response = call.execute();
                    InputStream is = response.body().byteStream();

                    Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is);

                    Message message = handler.obtainMessage();
                    message.obj = bitmap;
                    handler.sendMessage(message);
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }).start();
    }
}

3、异步Get请求String

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private TextView responseview;
    private String url = "https://www.baidu.com/";

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        responseview = findViewById(R.id.response_view);

        OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
        Request request = new Request.Builder()
                .get()//默认就是GET请求，可以不写
                .url(url)//设置请求网址
                .build();

        Call call = client.newCall(request);

        call.enqueue(new Callback() {
            @Override
            public void onFailure(@NotNull Call call, @NotNull IOException e) {
            }

            @Override
            public void onResponse(@NotNull Call call, @NotNull Response response) throws IOException {
                final String str = response.body().string();

                runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        responseview.setText(str);
                    }
                });
            }
        });
    }
}

二、OkHttp进行Post请求

1、使用步骤

1）添加依赖

dependencies {
    ......
    implementation 'com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:4.9.0'
}

2）新建一个OkHttpClient实例

OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();

3）构造RequestBody或FormBody

        FormBody formBody = new FormBody.Builder()
                .add("username", "...")//提交到服务器的键值对
                .add("password", "...")
                .build();

FormBody是RequestBody的子类
一般请求提交键值对使用FormBody

        MediaType mediaType = MediaType.parse("text/x-markdown; charset=utf-8");
        RequestBody requestBody = RequestBody.create("123", mediaType);

4）构造Request对象

        Request request = new Request.Builder()
                .post(formBody)
                .url(url)//设置请求网址
                .build();

5）根据需要调用同步或者异步请求方式