java实现深拷贝的几种常见方式

1.可以通过实现Cloneable接口并覆盖clone()方法来完成

	public class Main implements Cloneable {
	    private List<String> items;
	 
	    public Main() {
	        items = new ArrayList<>();
	    }
	 
	    public void addItem(String item) {
	        items.add(item);
	    }
	 
	    @Override
	    protected Main clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
	        Main cloned = (Main) super.clone();
	        // 深拷贝列表
	        cloned.items = new ArrayList<>(items);
	        return cloned;
	    }
	 
	    public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {
	        Main original = new Main();
	        original.addItem("item1");
	        original.addItem("item2");
	 
	        Main copy = original.clone();
	        copy.items.add("item3");
	 
	        System.out.println(original.items); // 输出 [item1, item2]
	        System.out.println(copy.items);     // 输出 [item1, item2, item3]
	    }
}

2.将对象转成json字符串，再构造新的对象

     Person person = new Person()
     String personJson = new Gson().toJson(person);
     Person newPerson = new Gson().fromJson(personJson, Person.class);

注意：Person类需要实现Serializable接口

3.使用文件流序列化

public class ObjectDeepCopier {

    public static <T extends Serializable> T deepCopy(T object) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        ObjectOutputStream oos = null;
        ObjectInputStream ois = null;
        T deepCopy = null;
 
        try {
            // 序列化对象到byte数组
            oos = new ObjectOutputStream(bos);
            oos.writeObject(object);
            oos.flush();
 
            // 从byte数组反序列化对象
            ByteArrayInputStream bis = new ByteArrayInputStream(bos.toByteArray());
            ois = new ObjectInputStream(bis);
            deepCopy = (T) ois.readObject();
 
        } finally {
            bos.close();
            if (oos != null) oos.close();
            if (ois != null) ois.close();
        }
 
        return deepCopy;
    }
 
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
        // 示例对象
        ExampleObject original = new ExampleObject(1, "original");
        // 深拷贝对象
        ExampleObject copy = deepCopy(original);
 
        // 修改原始对象的属性，验证深拷贝
        original.setValue(2);
        original.setName("modified");
 
        System.out.println("Original object: " + original);
        System.out.println("Deep copied object: " + copy);
    }
}
 
class ExampleObject implements Serializable {
    private int value;
    private String name;
 
    public ExampleObject(int value, String name) {
        this.value = value;
        this.name = name;
    }
 
    public void setValue(int value) {
        this.value = value;
    }
 
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
 
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "ExampleObject{" +
                "value=" + value +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}