QT网络编程-TCP服务端编程

1. 软件架构

• C/S架构
• B/S架构
  • B/S是一种特殊的C/S架构
  • B/S中的客服端统一使用浏览器Browser
  • B/S中的客服端UI通常采用HTML进行开发
  • B/S中的客服端和服务端通信通常采用http协议进行通信

2. TCP服务端编程

• Qt提供了QTcpServer类
• 将QTcpServer的对象当作黑盒使用，进行监听
• 每个连接生成一个QTcpSocket对象进行通信
  

QTcpServer的使用方式

• 监听本机地址的端口—listen()
• 通过信号通知客户端连接—newConnetion()
• 获取QTcpServer通信对象—nextPendingConnection()
• 停止监听—close()
• QTcpServer注意事项：

1. 用于处理客户端连接，不进行具体通信
2. 监听的端口只用于响应连接请求
3. 监听到连接后，生成QTcpServer对象与客户端进行通信

3. 编程

serverdemo.h

#ifndef SERVERDEMO_H
#define SERVERDEMO_H

#include <QObject>
#include <QTcpServer>
class ServerDemo : public QObject
{
    Q_OBJECT
    QTcpServer m_server;
public:
    explicit ServerDemo(QObject *parent = nullptr);

    bool start(int port);
    void stop();
    ~ServerDemo();
protected slots:
    void onNewConnection();
    void onConneted();
    void onDisConneted();
    void onDataRady();
    void onBytesWritten(qint64 bytes); 
};

#endif // SERVERDEMO_H

serverdemo.c

#include "serverdemo.h"
#include <QHostAddress>
#include <QTcpSocket>
#include <QObjectList>
#include <QDebug>  
ServerDemo::ServerDemo(QObject *parent) : QObject(parent)
{
    connect(&m_server,SIGNAL(newConnection()),this,SLOT(onNewConnection()));
}

void ServerDemo::onNewConnection()
{
    qDebug()<<"onNewConnection";
    QTcpSocket* tcp=m_server.nextPendingConnection();

    connect(tcp,SIGNAL(connected()),this,SLOT(onConneted()));
    connect(tcp,SIGNAL(disconnected()),this,SLOT(onDisConneted()));
    connect(tcp,SIGNAL(readyRead()),this,SLOT(onDataRady()));
    connect(tcp,SIGNAL(bytesWritten(qint64)),this,SLOT(onBytesWritten(qint64)));
}

void ServerDemo::onConneted()
{
    QTcpSocket* tcp=dynamic_cast<QTcpSocket*>(sender());
    if(tcp!=NULL)
    {
        qDebug()<<"onConneted()";
        qDebug()<<"Local Address"<<tcp->localAddress();
        qDebug()<<"Local Port"<<tcp->localPort();
    }
}
void ServerDemo::onDisConneted()
{
    qDebug()<<"onDisconneted()";

}
void ServerDemo::onDataRady()
{
    QTcpSocket* tcp=dynamic_cast<QTcpSocket*>(sender());
    char buf[256]={0};
    if(tcp!=NULL)
    {
        qDebug()<<"onDataRady()"<<tcp->read(buf,sizeof(buf)-1);
        qDebug()<<"Data:"<<buf;
    }

}

void ServerDemo::onBytesWritten(qint64 bytes)
{
    qDebug()<<"onBytesWritten()"<<bytes;

}

bool ServerDemo::start(int port)
{
    bool ret = true;
    if(!m_server.isListening())
    {
        return m_server.listen(QHostAddress("127.0.0.1"),port);
    }    
    return ret;
} 

void ServerDemo::stop()
{
    if(m_server.isListening())
    {
        m_server.close();
    }
}
ServerDemo::~ServerDemo()
{
    const QObjectList& list=m_server.children();

    for(int i=0;i<list.length();i++)
    {
        QTcpSocket*tcp= dynamic_cast<QTcpSocket*>(list[i]);
        if(tcp != NULL)
        {
            tcp->close();

        }
    }

}

main.c

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
/*    char data[]="hello world!!!";
    QCoreApplication a(argc, argv);

    ClientDemo client;
    client.connectTo("127.0.0.1",8000);
    client.send(data,sizeof(data)-1);
    return a.exec();*/

    QCoreApplication a(argc, argv);
    ServerDemo server;

    server.start(8080);
    return a.exec();
}