Socket编程基础: sockaddr数据结构,IP地址转换函数

sockaddr数据结构

很多网络编程函数诞生早于IPv4协议，那时候都使用的是sockaddr结构体,为了向前兼容，现在sockaddr退化成了（void *）的作用，传递一个地址给函数，至于这个函数是sockaddr_in还是其他的，由地址族确定，然后函数内部再强制类型转化为所需的地址类型。

struct sockaddr {
sa_family_t sa_family; /* address family, AF_xxx /
char sa_data[14]; / 14 bytes of protocol address */
};

struct sockaddr_in {
sa_family_t sin_family; /* address family: AF_INET /
in_port_t sin_port; / port in network byte order /
struct in_addr sin_addr; / internet address */
};

/* Internet address. /
struct in_addr {
uint32_t s_addr; / address in network byte order */
};

IP地址转换函数

demo:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>



int main(void){

    char ip[]="2.3.4.5";
    char server_ip[64];

    struct sockaddr_in server_addr;


    inet_pton(AF_INET, ip, &server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr);

    printf("s_addr : %x\n", server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr);

    printf("s_addr from net to host: %x\n", ntohl(server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr));

    inet_ntop(AF_INET, &server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr, server_ip, 64);

    printf("server ip : %s\n", server_ip);

    printf("INADDR_ANY: %d\n", INADDR_ANY);
    server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
    inet_ntop(AF_INET, &server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr, server_ip, 64);
    printf("INADDR_ANY ip : %s\n", server_ip);
    return 0;
}