Centos7下使用yum安装MariaDB

Centos7下使用yum安装MariaDB

CentOS 6 或早期的版本中提供的是 MySQL 的服务器/客户端安装包，但 CentOS 7 已使用了 MariaDB 替代了默认的 MySQL。MariaDB数据库管理系统是MySQL的一个分支，主要由开源社区在维护，采用GPL授权许可 MariaDB的目的是完全兼容MySQL，包括API和命令行，使之能轻松成为MySQL的代替品。

Linux下安装MariaDB官方文档参见：https://mariadb.com/kb/zh-cn/installing-mariadb-with-yum/

全部删除MySQL/MariaDB

MySQL 已经不再包含在 CentOS 7 的源中，而改用了 MariaDB;
1.使用rpm -qa | grep mariadb搜索 MariaDB 现有的包：
如果存在，使用rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-*全部删除：

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
mariadb-server-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64
mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-*
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e mysql-*

2.使用rpm -qa | grep mariadb搜索 MariaDB 现有的包：

如果存在，使用yum remove mysql mysql-server mysql-libs compat-mysql51全部删除；

[root@wei3 ~]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
[root@wei3 ~]# yum remove mysql mysql-server mysql-libs compat-mysql51

删除之后，在按照如下的步骤进行安装即可。
原文链接如下：

https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/49046496	
1

操作完成之后，mysql下载配置成功。

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CentOS 7 通过 yum 安装 MariaDB

陈沛鑫

互联网，技术工种

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以下操作都以 root 用户进行操作

以下操作都以 root 用户进行操作

以下操作都以 root 用户进行操作

安装

安装 mariadb 服务

# yum install -y mariadb-server

安装 mariadb 命令行客户端

# yum install -y mariadb

安装 mariadb C library

# yum install -y mariadb-libs

安装 mariadb 开发包

# yum install -y mariadb-devel

更改配置

更改 /etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf 文件

[client] 下加一行配置 default-character-set=utf8

最终内容

#
# These two groups are read by the client library
# Use it for options that affect all clients, but not the server
#


[client]
default-character-set = utf8

# This group is not read by mysql client library,
# If you use the same .cnf file for MySQL and MariaDB,
# use it for MariaDB-only client options
[client-mariadb]

更改 /etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf 文件

[mysql] 下加一行配置 default-character-set=utf8

最终内容

#
# These groups are read by MariaDB command-line tools
# Use it for options that affect only one utility
#

[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8

[mysql_upgrade]

[mysqladmin]

[mysqlbinlog]

[mysqlcheck]

[mysqldump]

[mysqlimport]

[mysqlshow]

[mysqlslap]

更改 /etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf 配置

[mysqld] 下加配置

collation-server = utf8_general_ci

init-connect=‘SET NAMES utf8’

character-set-server = utf8

sql-mode = TRADITIONAL

最终内容

#
# These groups are read by MariaDB server.
# Use it for options that only the server (but not clients) should see
#
# See the examples of server my.cnf files in /usr/share/mysql/
#

# this is read by the standalone daemon and embedded servers
[server]

# this is only for the mysqld standalone daemon
[mysqld]
collation-server = utf8_general_ci
init-connect = 'SET NAMES utf8'
character-set-server = utf8

sql-mode = TRADITIONAL

# this is only for embedded server
[embedded]

# This group is only read by MariaDB-5.5 servers.
# If you use the same .cnf file for MariaDB of different versions,
# use this group for options that older servers don't understand
[mysqld-5.5]

# These two groups are only read by MariaDB servers, not by MySQL.
# If you use the same .cnf file for MySQL and MariaDB,
# you can put MariaDB-only options here
[mariadb]

[mariadb-5.5]

以上配置的更改参考

Setting Character Sets and Collationsmariadb.com/kb/en/library/setting-character-sets-and-collations/#example-changing-the-default-character-set-to-utf-8

SQL_MODEmariadb.com/kb/en/library/sql-mode/

启动

启动服务

# systemctl start mariadb

设置服务开启自启动

# systemctl enable mariadb

查看服务状态

# systemctl status mariadb

可能的输出为，注意到 Active 状态为 active (running)

● mariadb.service - MariaDB database server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 五 2018-11-09 12:49:23 CST; 19min ago
 Main PID: 1510 (mysqld_safe)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mariadb.service
           ├─1510 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --basedir=/usr
           └─2030 /usr/libexec/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --log-...

11月 09 12:49:15 peixinchen.host systemd[1]: Starting MariaDB database server...
11月 09 12:49:17 peixinchen.host mariadb-prepare-db-dir[1062]: Database MariaDB is probably initialized in /var/lib/m...ne.
11月 09 12:49:19 peixinchen.host mysqld_safe[1510]: 181109 12:49:19 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log'.
11月 09 12:49:19 peixinchen.host mysqld_safe[1510]: 181109 12:49:19 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databas...mysql
11月 09 12:49:23 peixinchen.host systemd[1]: Started MariaDB database server.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

测试连接

使用命令行客户端尝试连接

# mysql -uroot

可能的输出为

Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 2
Server version: 5.5.60-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]>

查看 mariadb 版本号

MariaDB [(none)]> select version();
+----------------+
| version()      |
+----------------+
| 5.5.60-MariaDB |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

查看字符集配置

MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like '%char%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection | utf8                       |
| character_set_database   | utf8                       |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8                       |
| character_set_server     | utf8                       |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

目前我们的 mariadb 用户是没有密码的，是非常不安全的，需要执行以下步骤

# mysql_secure_installation  
#设置为: Passwd123

选择 Y/N 的时候都选 Y，

在

New password:

Re-enter new password:

时设置你自己的 root 密码

使用命令行客户端尝试连接（带密码）

# mysql -uroot -pPasswd123
或
# mysql -uroot -p

随后输入你刚才设置的密码，可能的输出为

Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 2
Server version: 5.5.60-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]>

编辑于 2018-11-19 18:30