JS ES5继承

//JS的继承
//1.继承：将父类的 “特点”传给 子类，例如 方法，属性

/*
1.1类式继承   
弊端：1.不能让父类的引用类型的资源分别赋值给子类，
       导致所有子类共享父类同一资源，谁修改了都会影响全局
     2.不能不能复用父类代码
     3.构造父类时 父类函数调用了两次
     */
function Father(name,age){
    this.name=name;
    this.age=age;
    this.book=["JavaScript","HTML"]
}

let Son=(function (){
     function _son(name,age){
        this.name=name;
        this.age=age;
    }
    //绑定父类对象
    let f=new Father();
    _son.prototype=new Father();
     return _son;
}());

let instance1=new Son("张三",100);
let instance2=new Son("李四",77);
instance1.book.push("设计模式");
console.log(instance1.book);
console.log(instance2.book);

/*
    1.2构造函数式继承
    好处：解决了类式继承中父类资源被共享的问题；复用了父类代码
    弊端：1.父类构造函数被执行了两次，性能依旧受影响 
     	 2.不能共享父类公有方法【没有修改子类原型】
 */
function Father(name,age){
    this.name=name;
    this.age=age;
    this.book=['JavaScript','HTML']
}

let Son=(function (){
    function _son(name,age){
      Father.call(this,name,age);//重点
        this.other="other";
    }
    return _son;

}())

let instance1=new Son("张三",100);
instance1.book.push("设计模式")
let instance2=new Son("李四",1000);
console.log(instance1.book);
console.log(instance2.book);

/*
    1.3:组合继承：类式继承和构造函数继承组合
    好处：在类继承的基础上解决了共享父类共有方法
    弊端：1.父类构造函数执行了两次，性能降低
 */
function Father(name,age){
    this.name=name;
    this.age=age;
    this.book=['JavaScript','HTML']
}

let Son=(function (){
    function _son(name,age){
      Father.call(this,name,age);//重点
        this.other="other";
    }
    _son.prototype=new Father();
    return _son;

}())

let instance1=new Son("张三",100);
instance1.book.push("设计模式")
let instance2=new Son("李四",1000);
console.log(instance1.book);
console.log(instance2.book);
console.log(Son instanceof Father)

/*
	1.4终极继承：组合寄生继承
*/
function extend(sonClass,fatherClass){
    function F(){}
    F.prototype=fatherClass.prototype;
    const p=new F();
    p.constructor=sonClass;
    sonClass.prototype=p;
}

extend(SonClass,FatherClass)
function FatherClass(name,age){
    this.name=name;
    this.age=age;
    this.book=['HTML','JavaScript']
}

function SonClass(name,age,hobby){
    FatherClass.call(this,name,age);
    this.hobby=hobby
}

//测试
let instance1=new SonClass('小明',18,"左手拿筷子");
let instance2=new SonClass('小光',20,"右手拿筷子");
instance1.book.push('设计模式')
console.log(instance1);
console.log(instance2);
console.log(instance1 instanceof SonClass)//true
console.log(instance2 instanceof FatherClass)//true