C++大作业（学籍管理程序）

内容要求：使用文本命令行设计学生学籍管理程序。要求能够能后对学生的学籍信息进行存储、删除、检索和显示。能后统计全部学生的总成绩，及其在班上的排名，能够统计各科的平均成绩及及格率，并具有错误提示功能。

#include<iostream>
#include<cmath>
#include<vector>
#include<string>
#include<fstream>
using namespace std;
//学生学籍管理系统
class student
{
public:
	string name;
	string ID;
	float math;
	float english;
	float physics;
	float sum;
};
class Management
{
private:
	float average;
	float physics_average;
	float math_average;
	float english_average;
	float math_num;
	float physics_num;
	float english_num;
	float num;
	float m;
	student h;
	vector <student>m_students;
	int j;
public:
	int g;
	Management();
	void display();//文件输入功能
	void inputfile();//信息录入
	void showfile();//显示功能
	void amendfile();//修改功能
	void findfile();//寻找功能
	void deletefile();//删除功能
	void rankfile();//排序功能
	void storefile();//文件输出存储
	void statistics();//统计分析功能
};
int MAX = 0;
Management::Management()
{
	j = 0;
	g = 0;
	average = 0;
	for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++)
	{
		m_students.push_back(h);    //在数组最后添加一个值为h的数
	}
}
//成绩分析
void Management::statistics() {
	int n;
	do
	{
		cout << "请输入想要统计的科目【1】数学；【2】英语；【3】物理；";
		cin >> n;
		switch (n) {
		case 1:
			math_num = 0;math_average = 0, m = 0;
			for (int i = 0; i < MAX + g; i++)
				math_average += m_students[i].math;
			    math_average /= (MAX + g);
			for (int i = 0; i < MAX + g; i++)
			{
				if (m_students[i].math >= 60)
				{
					math_num++; m = math_num / (MAX + g);
				}
				else
					continue;
			}
			cout << "数学平均分为：" << math_average << endl;
			cout << "数学及格率为：" << m << endl;
			break;
		case 2:
			english_num = 0; english_average = 0, m = 0;
			for (int i = 0; i < MAX + g; i++)
				english_average += m_students[i].english;
			    english_average /= (MAX + g);
			for (int i = 0; i < MAX + g; i++)
			{
				if (m_students[i].english >= 60)
				{
					english_num++; m = english_num / (MAX + g);
				}
				else
					continue;
			}
			cout << "英语平均分为：" << english_average << endl;
			cout << "英语及格率为：" << m << endl;
			break;
		case 3:
			physics_num = 0; physics_average = 0;
			for (int i = 0; i < MAX + g; i++)
				physics_average += m_students[i].physics;
			    physics_average /= (MAX + g);
			for (int i = 0; i < MAX + g; i++)
			{
				if (m_students[i].physics >= 60)
				{
					physics_num++; m = physics_num / (MAX + g);
				}
				else
					continue;
			}
			cout << "物理平均分为：" << physics_average << endl;
			cout << "物理及格率为：" << m << endl;
			break;
		default:
			break;
		}
		cout << "是（1）否（0）继续统计：";
		cin >> n;
	} while (n);
}
//录入学生信息
void Management::inputfile()
{
	int o = 1;
	j = MAX + g;
	while (o != 0)
	{
		cout << "请输入学生的学号：";
		cin >> m_students[j].ID;
		cout << "请输入学生姓名：";
		cin >> m_students[j].name;
		cout << "请输入学生的数学成绩：";
		cin >> m_students[j].math;
		cout << "请输入学生的英语成绩：";
		cin >> m_students[j].english;
		cout << "请输入学生的物理成绩：";
		cin >> m_students[j].physics;
		m_students[j].sum = m_students[j].math + m_students[j].english + m_students[j].physics;
		cout << "是（1）否（0）继续录入：";
		cin >> o;
		j++; g++;
	}
}
//文件输出
void Management::storefile() {
	string filename;
	cout << "请输入存储学生信息的新文件名：";
	cin >> filename;
	ofstream outfile(filename.c_str(), ios::out);  //c_str是string类的一个函数，可以把string类型变量转换成char*变量   打开文件
	if (!outfile) {
		cerr << "open error!" << endl;
		exit(1);
	}
	else
		cout << "Store Success!" << endl;
	outfile << "学号" << "\t" << "\t" << "\t" << "姓名" << "\t" << "\t" << "数学" << "\t" << "英语" << "\t" << "物理" << "\t" << "总分" << endl;
	for (int j = 0; j < MAX + g; j++) {
		outfile << m_students[j].ID << "\t" << m_students[j].name << "\t" << m_students[j].math << "\t" << m_students[j].english << "\t" << m_students[j].physics << "\t" << m_students[j].sum << endl;
	}
	outfile.close();
}
//文件输入
void Management::display() {
	string b[50][5];
	string filename;
	cout << "请输入想要打开的txt文件:（格式为:文件名+.txt）";
	cin >> filename;
	ifstream infile(filename.c_str(), ios::in);         //读入文件信息
	if (!infile) {
		cerr << "Open Error!" << endl;              //判断是否读入成功
		return;
	}
	else
		cout << "Open Success!" << endl;
	while (infile >> m_students[j].ID >> m_students[j].name >> m_students[j].math >> m_students[j].english >> m_students[j].physics)
	{
		m_students[j].sum = m_students[j].math + m_students[j].english + m_students[j].physics;
		MAX++;              //统计输入人数
		j++;
	}
}
//显示学生信息
void Management::showfile()
{
	cout << "序号" << "\t" << "学号" << "\t" << "姓名" << "\t" << "数学" << "\t" << "英语" << "\t" << "物理" << "\t" << "总分" << endl;
	for (j = 0; j < MAX + g; j++)
	{
		m_students[j].sum = m_students[j].math + m_students[j].english + m_students[j].physics;
		cout << j + 1 << "\t" << m_students[j].ID << "\t" << m_students[j].name << "\t" << m_students[j].math << "\t" << m_students[j].english << "\t" << m_students[j].physics << "\t" << m_students[j].sum << endl;
	}
}
//修改学生信息
void Management::amendfile()
{
	int n, k;
	cout << "请输入想要改动的信息对应的学生序号：";
	cin >> j;
	j--;
	cout << j + 1 << "\t" << m_students[j].ID << "\t" << m_students[j].name << "\t" "\t" << m_students[j].math << "\t" << "\t" << m_students[j].english << "\t" << "\t" << m_students[j].physics << "\t" << "\t" << m_students[j].sum << endl;
	do
	{
		cout << "请输入改动内容(学号【0】；姓名【1】；数学【2】；英语【3】；物理【4】)：";
		cin >> k;
		switch (k)
		{
		case 0:
			cout << "请输入新学号：" << endl;
			cin >> m_students[j].ID; break;
		case 1:
			cout << "请输入新姓名：" << endl;
			cin >> m_students[j].name; break;
		case 2:
			cout << "请输入新成绩：" << endl;
			cin >> m_students[j].math; break;
		case 3:
			cout << "请输入新成绩：" << endl;
			cin >> m_students[j].english; break;
		case 4:
			cout << "请输入新成绩：" << endl;
			cin >> m_students[j].physics; break;
		}
		cout << j + 1 << "\t" << m_students[j].ID << "\t" << m_students[j].name << "\t" "\t" << m_students[j].math << "\t" << "\t" << m_students[j].english << "\t" << "\t" << m_students[j].physics << "\t" << "\t" << m_students[j].sum << endl;
		cout << "修改成功，是【1】否【0】继续对该学生信息进行改动：";
		cin >> n;
	} while (n != 0);
}
//查找学生信息
void Management::findfile()
{
	int n = 1;
	string name, ID1;
	int find;
	cout << "学生序号【1】，学号【2】或者姓名【3】：";
	cin >> n;
	switch (n)
	{
	case 1:
		cout << "请输入学生序号：";
		cin >> find;
		j = find - 1;
		break;
	case 2:
		cout << "请输入学生学号：";
		cin >> ID1;
		for (int i = 0; i < MAX + g; i++)
		{
			if (m_students[i].ID == ID1)
			{
				j = i;
				break;
			}
			else if (m_students[i].ID != ID1 && i < MAX + g - 1)
				continue;
			else
			{
				cout << "无此学号，请重新输入：";
				cin >> ID1;
				i = -1;
			}
		}break;
	case 3:
		cout << "请输入学生姓名：";
		cin >> name;
		for (int i = 0; i < MAX + g; i++)
		{
			if (m_students[i].name == name)
			{
				j = i;
				break;
			}
			else if (m_students[i].name != name && i < MAX + g - 1)
				continue;
			else
			{
				cout << "无此人，请重新输入：";
				cin >> name;
				i = -1;
			}
		}
		break;
	default:
		break;
	}
	cout << "序号" << "\t" << "学号" << "\t" << "\t" << "姓名" << "\t" << "\t" << "数学" << "\t" << "\t" << "英语" << "\t" "\t" << "物理" << "\t" "\t" << "总分" << endl;
	cout << j + 1 << "\t" << m_students[j].ID << "\t" << m_students[j].name << "\t" "\t" << m_students[j].math << "\t" << "\t" << m_students[j].english << "\t" << "\t" << m_students[j].physics << "\t" << "\t" << m_students[j].sum << endl;

}

//删除学生信息
void Management::deletefile()
{
	int find;
	do {
		cout << "请输入想要删除的学生信息对应的序号：";
		cin >> find;
		j = find - 1;
		cout << j + 1 << "\t" << m_students[j].ID << "\t" << m_students[j].name << "\t" "\t" << m_students[j].math << "\t" << "\t" << m_students[j].english << "\t" << "\t" << m_students[j].physics << "\t" << "\t" << m_students[j].sum << endl;
		cout << "是否确定删除该学生信息【1】是；【0】否：";
		cin >> find;
		for (int i = j; i < MAX + g - 1; i++)
			m_students[i] = m_students[i + 1];
		g = g - 1;
		cout << "是否继续删除学生信息：【1】是；【0】否：";
		cin >> find;
	} while (find != 0);
}
//成绩排序功能
void change(student& a1, student& a2) {
	student b;
	b = a1;
	a1 = a2;
	a2 = b;
}
void Management::rankfile()
{
	int num;
	int N = 1;
	cout << "请选择排序方式：【0】总成绩；【1】数学成绩；【2】英语成绩；【3】物理成绩；" << endl;
	cin >> num;
	student b;
	switch (num)
	{
	case 0:
		for (int i = 0; i < MAX + g; i++)
			for (int j = MAX + g - 1; j > i; j--)
				if (m_students[i].sum < m_students[j].sum)
					change(m_students[i], m_students[j]);
				else if (m_students[i].sum == m_students[j].sum)
					if (m_students[i].math < m_students[j].math)
						change(m_students[i], m_students[j]);
					else if (m_students[i].math == m_students[j].math)
						if (m_students[i].physics < m_students[j].physics)
							change(m_students[i], m_students[j]);
		break;
	case 1:
		for (int i = 0; i < MAX + g; i++)
			for (int j = MAX + g - 1; j > i; j--)
				if (m_students[i].math < m_students[j].math)
					change(m_students[i], m_students[j]);
		break;
	case 2:
		for (int i = 0; i < MAX + g; i++)
			for (int j = MAX + g - 1; j > i; j--)
				if (m_students[i].english < m_students[j].english)
					change(m_students[i], m_students[j]);
		break;
	case 3:
		for (int i = 1; i < MAX + g; i++)
			for (int j = MAX + g - 1; j > i; j--)
				if (m_students[i].physics < m_students[j].physics)
					change(m_students[i], m_students[j]); break;
	default:
		break;
	}
	cout << "排序成功！" << endl;
}
int main()
{
	int n, i = 1;
	Management s;
	do
	{
		cout << "【1】录入学生信息" << endl;
		cout << "【2】显示学生信息" << endl;
		cout << "(需要手动输入或导入后查看)" << endl;
		cout << "【3】修改学生信息" << endl;
		cout << "【4】查找学生信息" << endl;
		cout << "【5】删除学生信息" << endl;
		cout << "【6】导入学生信息" << endl;
		cout << "【7】成绩排序功能" << endl;
		cout << "【8】存入新文件" << endl;
		cout << "【9】统计各科成绩" << endl;
		cout << "请选择功能：";
		cin >> n;
		switch (n)
		{
		case 1:
			s.inputfile(); break;
		case 2:
			s.showfile(); break;
		case 3:
			s.amendfile(); break;
		case 4:
			s.findfile(); break;
		case 5:
			s.deletefile(); break;
		case 6:
			s.display(); break;
		case 7:
			s.rankfile(); break;
		case 8:
			s.storefile(); break;
		case 9:
			s.statistics(); break;
		}
		cout << "继续使用该系统请输入1，退出请输入0:";
		cin >> i;
		system("cls");
	} while (i != 0);
	return 0;
}