用Q-Learning实现黑洞引擎控制：从事件视界到白洞创生-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_46478534/article/details/146047146

Q-Learning是一种经典的强化学习算法，它通过智能体与环境的交互，学习最优策略。在黑洞引擎的控制中，我们可以将黑洞的物理特性（如事件视界、引力场强度等）作为环境状态，将引擎的操作（如能量注入、引力场调节等）作为动作，通过Q-Learning算法学习如何高效控制黑洞能量，甚至模拟白洞的创生过程。

代码实现

环境设计

我们设计一个简化的黑洞引擎环境，包含以下状态和动作：

状态：事件视界半径、引力场强度、能量注入速率等。
动作：增加/减少能量注入、调节引力场强度等。
奖励：根据能量利用效率和目标达成情况（如白洞创生）设定奖励函数。

import numpy as np

class BlackHoleEngineEnv:
    def __init__(self):
        self.state = {'event_horizon': 10, 'gravity_field': 5, 'energy_rate': 0}
        self.goal = {'event_horizon': 5, 'gravity_field': 2} # 目标状态：白洞创生
        self.actions = ['increase_energy', 'decrease_energy', 'adjust_gravity']

    def reset(self):
        self.state = {'event_horizon': 10, 'gravity_field': 5, 'energy_rate': 0}
        return self.state

    def step(self, action):
        if action == 'increase_energy':
            self.state['energy_rate'] += 1
        elif action == 'decrease_energy':
            self.state['energy_rate'] -= 1
        elif action == 'adjust_gravity':
            self.state['gravity_field'] -= 1

# 更新事件视界半径
self.state['event_horizon'] -= self.state['energy_rate'] * 0.1

        # 计算奖励
        reward = -abs(self.state['event_horizon'] - self.goal['event_horizon']) - abs(self.state['gravity_field'] - self.goal['gravity_field'])
        done = (self.state['event_horizon'] <= self.goal['event_horizon']) and (self.state['gravity_field'] <= self.goal['gravity_field'])

return self.state, reward, done

Q-Learning算法实现

以下是Q-Learning的核心代码：

class QLearning:
    def __init__(self, actions, learning_rate=0.1, discount_factor=0.9, epsilon=0.1):
        self.actions = actions
        self.lr = learning_rate
        self.gamma = discount_factor
        self.epsilon = epsilon
        self.q_table = {}

def get_q_value(self, state, action):
return self.q_table.get((str(state), action), 0)

    def choose_action(self, state):
        if np.random.uniform(0, 1) < self.epsilon:
            return np.random.choice(self.actions) # 探索
        else:
            q_values = [self.get_q_value(state, a) for a in self.actions]
            return self.actions[np.argmax(q_values)] # 利用

    def learn(self, state, action, reward, next_state):
        old_value = self.get_q_value(state, action)
        next_max = max([self.get_q_value(next_state, a) for a in self.actions])
        new_value = old_value + self.lr * (reward + self.gamma * next_max - old_value)
        self.q_table[(str(state), action)] = new_value

训练与测试

通过以下代码训练Q-Learning模型，并测试其性能：

env = BlackHoleEngineEnv()
agent = QLearning(env.actions)

for episode in range(1000):
    state = env.reset()
    done = False
    while not done:
        action = agent.choose_action(state)
        next_state, reward, done = env.step(action)
        agent.learn(state, action, reward, next_state)
        state = next_state

if episode % 100 == 0:
print(f"Episode {episode}: Q-table size = {len(agent.q_table)}")

# 测试
state = env.reset()
done = False
while not done:
    action = agent.choose_action(state)
    next_state, reward, done = env.step(action)
    print(f"State: {state}, Action: {action}, Reward: {reward}")
    state = next_state