Json字符串和java对象的互转

Json字符串和java对象的互转

为什么要转换

  1. json字符串是{…}中包裹的键值对,我们在前台与Java后台交互时,前台需要json数据,而后台需要字符串给对象属性设值。因此我们需要前后端交互时,将数据转换。
  2. 前端传输过来的数据,肯定对应后端的一个对象的属性,因此我们需要将数据解析,赋值给这个属性,并通过这个成员属性去数据库查找。

解析json字符串赋值给对象的成员变量

  1. 通过观察字符串,分析json字符串中都包含哪些类和成员变量

    1.
    {
    				"data": {
    					"yesterday": {
    						"date": "30日星期四",
    						"high": "高温 30℃",
    						"fx": "南风",
    						"low": "低温 22℃",
    						"fl": "<![CDATA[2级]]>",
    						"type": "多云"
    					},
    					"city": "西安",
    					"forecast": [{
    						"date": "31日星期五",
    						"high": "高温 32℃",
    						"fengli": "<![CDATA[1级]]>",
    						"low": "低温 23℃",
    						"fengxiang": "东风",
    						"type": "多云"
    					}, {
    						"date": "1日星期六",
    						"high": "高温 33℃",
    						"fengli": "<![CDATA[1级]]>",
    						"low": "低温 22℃",
    						"fengxiang": "东南风",
    						"type": "多云"
    					}, {
    						"date": "2日星期天",
    						"high": "高温 33℃",
    						"fengli": "<![CDATA[1级]]>",
    						"low": "低温 23℃",
    						"fengxiang": "西南风",
    						"type": "多云"
    					}, {
    						"date": "3日星期一",
    						"high": "高温 31℃",
    						"fengli": "<![CDATA[2级]]>",
    						"low": "低温 25℃",
    						"fengxiang": "东风",
    						"type": "多云"
    					}, {
    						"date": "4日星期二",
    						"high": "高温 32℃",
    						"fengli": "<![CDATA[3级]]>",
    						"low": "低温 26℃",
    						"fengxiang": "东北风",
    						"type": "阴"
    					}],
    					"ganmao": "感冒低发期,天气舒适,请注意多吃蔬菜水果,多喝水哦。",
    					"wendu": "27"
    				},
    				"status": 1000,
    				"desc": "OK"
    			}
    
    
    
    
    2.//先分析里面包含的类,并创建此类
    package org.westos.demo; 
     
    /*Author:LH
    CreatTime:2020.07.30.15:31*/
    
    import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIgnoreProperties;
    
    import java.util.List;
    
    @JsonIgnoreProperties(ignoreUnknown = true)
    public class Weather {
    
        /**
         * data : {"yesterday":{"date":"29日星期三","high":"高温 32℃","fx":"东风","low":"低温 21℃","fl":"<![CDATA[2级]]>","type":"多云"},"city":"西安","forecast":[{"date":"30日星期四","high":"高温 33℃","fengli":"<![CDATA[2级]]>","low":"低温 22℃","fengxiang":"东南风","type":"小雨"},{"date":"31日星期五","high":"高温 30℃","fengli":"<![CDATA[1级]]>","low":"低温 22℃","fengxiang":"东风","type":"小雨"},{"date":"1日星期六","high":"高温 31℃","fengli":"<![CDATA[1级]]>","low":"低温 22℃","fengxiang":"南风","type":"多云"},{"date":"2日星期天","high":"高温 34℃","fengli":"<![CDATA[2级]]>","low":"低温 25℃","fengxiang":"西南风","type":"多云"},{"date":"3日星期一","high":"高温 34℃","fengli":"<![CDATA[2级]]>","low":"低温 25℃","fengxiang":"东南风","type":"多云"}],"ganmao":"感冒易发期,外出请适当调整衣物,注意补充水分。","wendu":"33"}
         * status : 1000
         * desc : OK
         */
    
        private DataBean data;
        private int status;
        private String desc;
    
        public DataBean getData() {
            return data;
        }
    
        public void setData(DataBean data) {
            this.data = data;
        }
    
        public int getStatus() {
            return status;
        }
    
        public void setStatus(int status) {
            this.status = status;
        }
    
        public String getDesc() {
            return desc;
        }
    
        public void setDesc(String desc) {
            this.desc = desc;
        }
    
        @JsonIgnoreProperties(ignoreUnknown = true)
        public static class DataBean {
            /**
             * yesterday : {"date":"29日星期三","high":"高温 32℃","fx":"东风","low":"低温 21℃","fl":"<![CDATA[2级]]>","type":"多云"}
             * city : 西安
             * forecast : [{"date":"30日星期四","high":"高温 33℃","fengli":"<![CDATA[2级]]>","low":"低温 22℃","fengxiang":"东南风","type":"小雨"},{"date":"31日星期五","high":"高温 30℃","fengli":"<![CDATA[1级]]>","low":"低温 22℃","fengxiang":"东风","type":"小雨"},{"date":"1日星期六","high":"高温 31℃","fengli":"<![CDATA[1级]]>","low":"低温 22℃","fengxiang":"南风","type":"多云"},{"date":"2日星期天","high":"高温 34℃","fengli":"<![CDATA[2级]]>","low":"低温 25℃","fengxiang":"西南风","type":"多云"},{"date":"3日星期一","high":"高温 34℃","fengli":"<![CDATA[2级]]>","low":"低温 25℃","fengxiang":"东南风","type":"多云"}]
             * ganmao : 感冒易发期,外出请适当调整衣物,注意补充水分。
             * wendu : 33
             */
    
            private YesterdayBean yesterday;
            private String city;
            private String ganmao;
            private String wendu;
            private List<ForecastBean> forecast;
    
            public YesterdayBean getYesterday() {
                return yesterday;
            }
    
            public void setYesterday(YesterdayBean yesterday) {
                this.yesterday = yesterday;
            }
    
            public String getCity() {
                return city;
            }
    
            public void setCity(String city) {
                this.city = city;
            }
    
            public String getGanmao() {
                return ganmao;
            }
    
            public void setGanmao(String ganmao) {
                this.ganmao = ganmao;
            }
    
            public String getWendu() {
                return wendu;
            }
    
            public void setWendu(String wendu) {
                this.wendu = wendu;
            }
    
            public List<ForecastBean> getForecast() {
                return forecast;
            }
    
            public void setForecast(List<ForecastBean> forecast) {
                this.forecast = forecast;
            }
    
            @JsonIgnoreProperties(ignoreUnknown = true)
            public static class YesterdayBean {
                /**
                 * date : 29日星期三
                 * high : 高温 32℃
                 * fx : 东风
                 * low : 低温 21℃
                 * fl : <![CDATA[2级]]>
                 * type : 多云
                 */
    
                private String date;
                private String high;
                private String fx;
                private String low;
                private String fl;
                private String type;
    
                public String getDate() {
                    return date;
                }
    
                public void setDate(String date) {
                    this.date = date;
                }
    
                public String getHigh() {
                    return high;
                }
    
                public void setHigh(String high) {
                    this.high = high;
                }
    
                public String getFx() {
                    return fx;
                }
    
                public void setFx(String fx) {
                    this.fx = fx;
                }
    
                public String getLow() {
                    return low;
                }
    
                public void setLow(String low) {
                    this.low = low;
                }
    
                public String getFl() {
                    return fl;
                }
    
                public void setFl(String fl) {
                    this.fl = fl;
                }
    
                public String getType() {
                    return type;
                }
    
                public void setType(String type) {
                    this.type = type;
                }
            }
    
            @JsonIgnoreProperties(ignoreUnknown = true)
            public static class ForecastBean {
                /**
                 * date : 30日星期四
                 * high : 高温 33℃
                 * fengli : <![CDATA[2级]]>
                 * low : 低温 22℃
                 * fengxiang : 东南风
                 * type : 小雨
                 */
    
                private String date;
                private String high;
                private String fengli;
                private String low;
                private String fengxiang;
                private String type;
    
                public String getDate() {
                    return date;
                }
    
                public void setDate(String date) {
                    this.date = date;
                }
    
                public String getHigh() {
                    return high;
                }
    
                public void setHigh(String high) {
                    this.high = high;
                }
    
                public String getFengli() {
                    return fengli;
                }
    
                public void setFengli(String fengli) {
                    this.fengli = fengli;
                }
    
                public String getLow() {
                    return low;
                }
    
                public void setLow(String low) {
                    this.low = low;
                }
    
                public String getFengxiang() {
                    return fengxiang;
                }
    
                public void setFengxiang(String fengxiang) {
                    this.fengxiang = fengxiang;
                }
    
                public String getType() {
                    return type;
                }
    
                public void setType(String type) {
                    this.type = type;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    
    
    3.然后使用jackson解析器,将json字符串解析成对象。
      ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
            String data="{\"data\":{\"yesterday\":{\"date\":\"29日星期三\",\"high\":\"高温 32℃\",\"fx\":\"东风\",\"low\":\"低温 21℃\",\"fl\":\"<![CDATA[2级]]>\",\"type\":\"多云\"},\"city\":\"西安\",\"forecast\":[{\"date\":\"30日星期四\",\"high\":\"高温 33℃\",\"fengli\":\"<![CDATA[2级]]>\",\"low\":\"低温 22℃\",\"fengxiang\":\"东南风\",\"type\":\"小雨\"},{\"date\":\"31日星期五\",\"high\":\"高温 30℃\",\"fengli\":\"<![CDATA[1级]]>\",\"low\":\"低温 22℃\",\"fengxiang\":\"东风\",\"type\":\"小雨\"},{\"date\":\"1日星期六\",\"high\":\"高温 31℃\",\"fengli\":\"<![CDATA[1级]]>\",\"low\":\"低温 22℃\",\"fengxiang\":\"南风\",\"type\":\"多云\"},{\"date\":\"2日星期天\",\"high\":\"高温 34℃\",\"fengli\":\"<![CDATA[2级]]>\",\"low\":\"低温 25℃\",\"fengxiang\":\"西南风\",\"type\":\"多云\"},{\"date\":\"3日星期一\",\"high\":\"高温 34℃\",\"fengli\":\"<![CDATA[2级]]>\",\"low\":\"低温 25℃\",\"fengxiang\":\"东南风\",\"type\":\"多云\"}],\"ganmao\":\"感冒易发期,外出请适当调整衣物,注意补充水分。\",\"wendu\":\"33\"},\"status\":1000,\"desc\":\"OK\"}";
    //       将json转成对象
            //需要两个值,
            //参数1:需要解析的json字符串
            //参数2:json字符串映射的类的class文件。也就是解析出来的数据对应的类的字节码文件
            Weather weather = mapper.readValue(data, Weather.class);
            System.out.println(weather.getData().getCity());
    
    
  2. 通常情况json字符串比较繁琐,我们使用插件生成他对应的类

  3. 以上步骤完毕之后根据json的属性来选择类的属性,创建类

解析器

  1. 解析json和将对象转成json字符串,我们使用的是解析器
  2. 常见的解析器: GSON FastJSON jackson
  3. 我们使用jackson解析器,上面使用到了jackson解析器,将json字符串转换成了对象属性。
  4. 这个解析器是第三方应用,我们需要将jar包导入并依赖才能使用。
  5. 然后调取方法,就可以实现jsonzi字符串与对象之间互转。
    • 对象转json对象
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;

import java.io.IOException;

public class mytest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        Person person = new Person();
        person.setName("zhangsan");
        person.setAge("12");
        person.setHeight(167);
        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
//        将对象转成json
        String s = mapper.writeValueAsString(person);
        System.out.println(s);
    }
}

  • 0
    点赞
  • 0
    收藏
    觉得还不错? 一键收藏
  • 0
    评论
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值