java_base:反射

反射：将类的各个部分封装为其他对象。好处：1.可以在程序运行中操作这些对象，2.可以解耦，提高程序可扩展性

1.方法：

Field[] getFields();//获取获取所有public修饰的成员变量
Field[] getDeclaredFields();获取所有成员变量
Constructor getConstructor();//获取空参构造方法
Constructor getConstructor(param,.....);//获取有参构造方法
Constructor getDeclaredConstructor();//获取所有构造方法

Method[] getMethod();//获取成员方法；

构建一个Person类

public class Person {

    private String name;
    private String gender;
    private int age;

    public String address;
    public int id;

    public Person() {
    }

    public Person(String name, String gender, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.gender = gender;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public void eat(){
        System.out.println(this.name+"吃饭了");
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getGender() {
        return gender;
    }

    public void setGender(String gender) {
        this.gender = gender;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", gender='" + gender + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}

package com.hetl.fanshe;

import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

public class Demo01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws NoSuchMethodException, InvocationTargetException, IllegalAccessException {


        //获取Person的class对象
        Class personClass = Person.class;

        Field[] fields =personClass.getFields();//获取所有public修饰的成员变量
        for(Field field :fields){
            System.out.println(field);
            System.out.println(field.getName());
        }

        System.out.println("===========");
        Field[] fields1 =personClass.getDeclaredFields();//获取所有成员变量
        for(Field field1 :fields1){
            System.out.println(field1);
            System.out.println(field1.getName());
        }
        System.out.println("===========");
        Constructor constructor = personClass.getConstructor(String.class,String.class,int.class);
        Constructor constructor1 = personClass.getConstructor();

        System.out.println(constructor);
        System.out.println(constructor1);

        System.out.println("===========");

        Constructor constructor2 = personClass.getDeclaredConstructor();

        System.out.println(constructor2);

        Method m = personClass.getMethod("eat");
        Person p = new Person();
        m.invoke(p);


    }
}

输出

public java.lang.String com.hetl.fanshe.Person.address
address
public int com.hetl.fanshe.Person.id
id
===========
private java.lang.String com.hetl.fanshe.Person.name
name
private java.lang.String com.hetl.fanshe.Person.gender
gender
private int com.hetl.fanshe.Person.age
age
public java.lang.String com.hetl.fanshe.Person.address
address
public int com.hetl.fanshe.Person.id
id
===========
public com.hetl.fanshe.Person(java.lang.String,java.lang.String,int)
public com.hetl.fanshe.Person()
===========
public com.hetl.fanshe.Person()
null吃饭了

prop.properties

className = com.hetl.fanshe.Person
methodName = eat

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        Properties prop = new Properties();
        ClassLoader cl = Demo02.class.getClassLoader();
        InputStream is = cl.getResourceAsStream("prop.properties");
        prop.load(is);

        String className = prop.getProperty("className");
        String methodName = prop.getProperty("methodName");

        Class c = Class.forName(className);
        Object obj = c.newInstance();
        Method m = c.getMethod(methodName);

        m.invoke(obj);
    }