DNS服务搭建

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准备环境

centos7虚拟机2台
servera 192.168.200.100
serverb 192.168.200.101
关闭防火墙和selinux（2台机器都做）

 systemctl disable firewalld.service 
 systemctl stop firewalld.service 
 vim /etc/selinux/config
 SELINUX=disabled  //selinux关闭或者宽松模式

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DNS配置文件目录
主配置文件：/etc/named.conf
地址库文件：/var/named/

一、构建DNS服务器

1.安装软件包

[root@servera ~]# yum -y install bind bind-chroot      //安装软件包

2.修改配置文件

[root@servera ~]# cp /etc/named.conf /root     //做好备份防止出错
[root@servera ~]# vim /etc/named.conf    //最基本的dns构建只需要以下即可
options {
        directory       "/var/named";   //定义地址库文件存放路径
};

zone "qq.com" IN {           //定义负责的解析qq.com域名
        type master;         //主DNS服务器
        file "qq.com.zone";      //地址库文件名称
};
[root@servera ~]# named-checkconf  /etc/named.conf //检查是否出错

3.建立地址库文件

[root@servera named]# cd /var/named/  //进入地址库文件
[root@servera named]# cp -p named.localhost qq.com.zone  //保持权限不变
[root@servera named]# ll qq.com.zone 
-rw-r-----. 1 root named 152 Jun 21  2007 qq.com.zone  //这个拥有组一定要是named
[root@servera named]# vim qq.com.zone                               
$TTL 1D                      //这上面不变
@       IN SOA  @ rname.invalid. (
                                        0       ; serial
                                        1D      ; refresh
                                        1H      ; retry
                                        1W      ; expire
                                        3H )    ; minimum
qq.com.         NS      servera     // 声明DNS服务器为servera
servera         A       127.0.0.1     //servera解析结果为本机
www             A       192.168.1.1
[root@servera named]# named-checkzone qq.com /var/named/qq.com.zone   检查书写
zone qq.com/IN: loaded serial 0
OK
[root@servera named]# systemctl restart named  //重启服务

4.测试

[root@serverb ~]# echo nameserver   192.168.200.100  >  /etc/resolv.conf    //把a的ip地址做成自己的域名解析
[root@serverb ~]# nslookup www.qq.com  //测试 192.168.1.1对应www.qq.com
Server:         192.168.200.100
Address:        192.168.200.100#53

Name:   www.qq.com
Address: 192.168.1.1

二、DNS的轮询

1.修改配置文件

[root@servera named]# vim /var/named/qq.com.zone 
$TTL 1D
@       IN SOA  @ rname.invalid. (
                                        0       ; serial
                                        1D      ; refresh
                                        1H      ; retry
                                        1W      ; expire
                                        3H )    ; minimum
qq.com.         NS      servera
servera         A       127.0.0.1
www             A       192.168.1.1
www             A       192.168.1.2
www             A       192.168.1.3
[root@servera named]# systemctl restart named //重启

2.测试

[root@serverb ~]# nslookup www.qq.com
Server:         192.168.200.100
Address:        192.168.200.100#53

Name:   www.qq.com
Address: 192.168.1.2
Name:   www.qq.com
Address: 192.168.1.3
Name:   www.qq.com
Address: 192.168.1.1

[root@serverb ~]# nslookup www.qq.com
Server:         192.168.200.100
Address:        192.168.200.100#53

Name:   www.qq.com
Address: 192.168.1.2
Name:   www.qq.com
Address: 192.168.1.1
Name:   www.qq.com
Address: 192.168.1.3

[root@serverb ~]# nslookup www.qq.com
Server:         192.168.200.100
Address:        192.168.200.100#53

Name:   www.qq.com
Address: 192.168.1.1
Name:   www.qq.com
Address: 192.168.1.2
Name:   www.qq.com
Address: 192.168.1.3

三、DNS的泛域名解析

1.修改配置文件

[root@servera named]# vim /var/named/qq.com.zone 
$TTL 1D
@       IN SOA  @ rname.invalid. (
                                        0       ; serial
                                        1D      ; refresh
                                        1H      ; retry
                                        1W      ; expire
                                        3H )    ; minimum
qq.com.         NS      servera
servera         A       127.0.0.1
www             A       192.168.1.1
www             A       192.168.1.2
www             A       192.168.1.3
*               A       6.6.6.6   //这里

2.测试

只要后面是qq.com,前面任意输入都是一个ip

[root@serverb ~]# nslookup qqqq.qq.com
Server:         192.168.200.100
Address:        192.168.200.100#53

Name:   qqqq.qq.com
Address: 6.6.6.6

[root@serverb ~]# nslookup qqqq1.qq.com
Server:         192.168.200.100
Address:        192.168.200.100#53

Name:   qqqq1.qq.com
Address: 6.6.6.6

[root@serverb ~]# nslookup qsadasdqq1.qq.com
Server:         192.168.200.100
Address:        192.168.200.100#53

Name:   qsadasdqq1.qq.com
Address: 6.6.6.6

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总结

以上就是今天要讲的内容，本文仅仅简单介绍了DNS的使用，而DNS还有很多用法。