会话跟踪技术

哈哈之王

已于 2022-04-10 07:57:08 修改

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分类专栏： java 文章标签： web java java-ee

于 2022-04-05 18:24:05 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_46570170/article/details/123970867

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本文详细介绍了Servlet中两种主要的会话跟踪技术——Cookie和Session。对于Cookie，讲解了如何发送和获取Cookie，以及其工作原理，包括如何设置存活时间和处理中文字符。对于Session，演示了如何设置和获取Session属性，并通过浏览器测试验证其工作流程。内容涵盖了Web开发中重要的会话管理技术。

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(1)客户端会话跟踪技术：==Cookie==

基本使用

发送cookie

/*
发送cookie给浏览器
 */
@WebServlet(value = "/l01")
public class ServletCookieDemo01 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

        //获取
        Cookie cookie = new Cookie("username","张三");

        //发送
        response.addCookie(cookie);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doGet(request,response)

    }
}

获取cookie

Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies();

会把所有的cookie都获取出来我们只想拿到我们想要的

做一个if判断

/*
获取cookie
 */
@WebServlet(value = "/l02")
public class ServletCookieDemo02 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

        Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies();
        for (Cookie cookie : cookies) {
            //会把所有的都遍历出来 我只想要我发送的username
            String name = cookie.getName();
            if ("username".equals(name)) {
                String value = cookie.getValue();
                System.out.println(value + ":" + name);
                break;
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doGet(request, response);
    }
}

在浏览器中先发送然后再开一个网页获取

cookie的原理

每一个分号就代表一个cookie

正常情况下当浏览器关闭时当前的cookie就会消失这不符合一些需求比如登录网站时的记住我按钮这是就需要一个存活时间的api

tomcat7以前不支持cookie存储中文以后的版本支持存储中文

(2)服务端会话跟踪技术：==Session==

基本使用很简单

分两步第一步设置session

@WebServlet(value = "/s1")
public class ServletSessionDemo01 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

        //设置session 
        HttpSession session = request.getSession();
        session.setAttribute("username","张三疯");
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doGet(request, response);
    }
}

第二步在另一个请求中获取session

@WebServlet(value = "/s2")
public class ServletSessionDemo02 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

        HttpSession session = request.getSession();
        Object username = session.getAttribute("username");
        System.out.println("username = " + username);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doGet(request, response);
    }
}

浏览器测试