参考书籍：《Spring技术内幕》
系列文章
4 IOC容器的依赖注入
上而对IoC容器的初始化过程进行了详细的分析，这个初始化过程完成的主要工作是在IoC容器中建立BeanDefinition数据映射。在此过程中并没有看到IoC容器对Bean依赖关系进行注人，接下来分析一下IoC容器是怎样对Bean的依赖关系进行注人的。
假设当前IoC容器已经载入了用户定义的Bean信息，开始分析依赖注入的原理，首先，注意到依赖注入的过程是用户第一次向IoC容器索要Bean时触发的，当然也有例外，也就是我们可以在BeanDefinition信息中通过控制lazy-init属性来让容器完成对Bean的预实例化。这个预实例化实际上也是一个完成依赖注入的过程，但它是在初始化的过程中完成的。当用户向IoC容器索要Bean时，在基本的IoC容器接口BeanFactory中，有一个getBean()的接口定义，这个接口的实现就是触发依赖注人发生的地方。为了进一步了解这个依赖注人过程的实现，下面从DefaultListableBeanFactoiy的基类AbstractBeanFactory入手去看看getBean()的实现，代码如下：
//AbstractBeanFactory类中：
@Override
public Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException {
return doGetBean(name, null, null, false);
}
@Override
public <T> T getBean(String name, Class<T> requiredType) throws BeansException {
return doGetBean(name, requiredType, null, false);
}
@Override
public Object getBean(String name, Object... args) throws BeansException {
return doGetBean(name, null, args, false);
}
可以看到AbstractBeanFactory中的getBean()都是调用了doGetBean()方法，下面看一下这个方法：
//AbstractBeanFactory类中：
protected <T> T doGetBean(
String name, @Nullable Class<T> requiredType, @Nullable Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly)
throws BeansException {
String beanName = transformedBeanName(name);
Object beanInstance;
// Eagerly check singleton cache for manually registered singletons.
//先从缓存中取得Bean,处理那些已经被创建过的单件模式的Bean,对这种Bean的请求不需要重复创建
Object sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
if (sharedInstance != null && args == null) {
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
if (isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
logger.trace("Returning eagerly cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName +
"' that is not fully initialized yet - a consequence of a circular reference");
}
else {
logger.trace("Returning cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "'");
}
}
// 这里的getObjectForBeanInstance()完成的是FactoryBean的相关处理，以取得FactoryBean的生产结果
beanInstance = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, null);
}
// 容器中还没有这个Bean
else {
// Fail if we're already creating this bean instance:
// We're assumably within a circular reference.
if (isPrototypeCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName);
}
// Check if bean definition exists in this factory.
// 这里对IOC容器中的BeanDefinition是否存在进行检查，检查是或否可能在当前BeanFactory中取出需要的Bean，
// 如果在当前的工厂中取不到，那么到双亲BeanFactory中取，如果当前的双亲工厂取不到，那么就顺着双亲BeanFactory链一直向上找
BeanFactory parentBeanFactory = getParentBeanFactory();
if (parentBeanFactory != null && !containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {
// Not found -> check parent.
String nameToLookup = originalBeanName(name);
if (parentBeanFactory instanceof AbstractBeanFactory) {
return ((AbstractBeanFactory) parentBeanFactory).doGetBean(
nameToLookup, requiredType, args, typeCheckOnly);
}
else if (args != null) {
// Delegation to parent with explicit args.
return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, args);
}
else if (requiredType != null) {
// No args -> delegate to standard getBean method.
return parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, requiredType);
}
else {
return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup);
}
}
if (!typeCheckOnly) {
markBeanAsCreated(beanName);
}
StartupStep beanCreation = this.applicationStartup.start("spring.beans.instantiate")
.tag("beanName", name);
try {
if (requiredType != null) {
beanCreation.tag("beanType", requiredType::toString);
}
// 这里根据Bean的名字取得BeanDefinition
RootBeanDefinition mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
checkMergedBeanDefinition(mbd, beanName, args);
// Guarantee initialization of beans that the current bean depends on.
// 获取当前Bean的所有依赖Bean，这样会触发getBean的递归调用，直到去到一个没有任何依赖的Bean为止
String[] dependsOn = mbd.getDependsOn();
if (dependsOn != null) {
for (String dep : dependsOn) {
if (isDependent(beanName, dep)) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"Circular depends-on relationship between '" + beanName + "' and '" + dep + "'");
}
registerDependentBean(dep, beanName);
try {
getBean(dep);
}
catch (NoSuchBeanDefinitionException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"'" + beanName + "' depends on missing bean '" + dep + "'", ex);
}
}
}
// Create bean instance. 要创建的Bean是单例的
// 这里通过调用createBean方法创建singleton bean的实例，这里有一个回调函数getObject，
// 会在getSingleto中调用ObjectFactory的createBean
if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, () -> {
try {
return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
// Explicitly remove instance from singleton cache: It might have been put there
// eagerly by the creation process, to allow for circular reference resolution.
// Also remove any beans that received a temporary reference to the bean.
destroySingleton(beanName);
throw ex;
}
});
beanInstance = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}
// 创建的Bean是一个多例的
else if (mbd.isPrototype()) {
// It's a prototype -> create a new instance.
Object prototypeInstance = null;
try {
beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
prototypeInstance = createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
}
finally {
afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
}
beanInstance = getObjectForBeanInstance(prototypeInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}
// 其它作用域的，如：Request，Session，application，websocket
else {
String scopeName = mbd.getScope();
if (!StringUtils.hasLength(scopeName)) {
throw new IllegalStateException("No scope name defined for bean '" + beanName + "'");
}
Scope scope = this.scopes.get(scopeName);
if (scope == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("No Scope registered for scope name '" + scopeName + "'");
}
try {
Object scopedInstance = scope.get(beanName, () -> {
beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
try {
return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
}
finally {
afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
}
});
beanInstance = getObjectForBeanInstance(scopedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}
catch (IllegalStateException ex) {
throw new ScopeNotActiveException(beanName, scopeName, ex);
}
}
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
beanCreation.tag("exception", ex.getClass().toString());
beanCreation.tag("message", String.valueOf(ex.getMessage()));
cleanupAfterBeanCreationFailure(beanName);
throw ex;
}
finally {
beanCreation.end();
}
}
// 对创建的Bean进行类型检查，requiredType参数中指定的getBean的类型
return adaptBeanInstance(name, beanInstance, requiredType);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
// 对创建的Bean进行类型检查，如果没有问题就返回这个新创建的Bean，这个Bean已经是包含了依赖关系的Bean
<T> T adaptBeanInstance(String name, Object bean, @Nullable Class<?> requiredType) {
// Check if required type matches the type of the actual bean instance.
if (requiredType != null && !requiredType.isInstance(bean)) {
try {
Object convertedBean = getTypeConverter().convertIfNecessary(bean, requiredType);
if (convertedBean == null) {
throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
}
return (T) convertedBean;
}
catch (TypeMismatchException ex) {
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Failed to convert bean '" + name + "' to required type '" +
ClassUtils.getQualifiedName(requiredType) + "'", ex);
}
throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
}
}
return (T) bean;
}
这个就是依赖注入的入口，在这里触发了依赖注入，而依赖注入的发生是在容器中的BeanDefinition数据已经建立好的前提下进行的。程序=数据+算法。前面的BeanDefinition就是数据，下面看看这些数据是怎样为依赖注入服务的。虽然依赖注人的过程不涉及复杂的算法问题，但这个过程也不简单，因为我们都知道，对于loC容器的使用，Spring提供了许多的参数配置，毎一个参数配置实际上代表了一个IOC容器的实现特性，这些特性的实现很多都需要在依赖注入的过程中或者对Bean进行生命周期管理的过程中完成。
关于这个依赖注入的详细过程会在下面进行分析，在下图中可以看到依赖注入的一个大致过程：
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重点来说，getBean()是依赖注入的起点之后会调用createBean()，下面通过createBean()代码来了解这个实现过程。在这个过程中，Bean对象会依据BeanDefinition定义的要求生成。
在AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory中实现了这个createBean()，createBean()不但生成了需要
的Bean,还对Bean初始化进行了处理。如下面代码：
//AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory类中：
@Override
protected Object createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)
throws BeanCreationException {
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
}
RootBeanDefinition mbdToUse = mbd;
// Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point, and
// clone the bean definition in case of a dynamically resolved Class
// which cannot be stored in the shared merged bean definition.
// 这里判断需要创建的bean是否可以实例化，这个类是否可以通过类装载器来载入
Class<?> resolvedClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);
if (resolvedClass != null && !mbd.hasBeanClass() && mbd.getBeanClassName() != null) {
mbdToUse = new RootBeanDefinition(mbd);
mbdToUse.setBeanClass(resolvedClass);
}
// Prepare method overrides.
try {
mbdToUse.prepareMethodOverrides();
}
catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(),
beanName, "Validation of method overrides failed", ex);
}
try {
// Give BeanPostProcessors a chance to return a proxy instead of the target bean instance.
Object bean = resolveBeforeInstantiation(beanName, mbdToUse);
if (bean != null) {
return bean;
}
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"BeanPostProcessor before instantiation of bean failed", ex);
}
// 创建Bean的调用，去创建Bean
try {
Object beanInstance = doCreateBean(beanName, mbdToUse, args);
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Finished creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
}
return beanInstance;
}
catch (BeanCreationException | ImplicitlyAppearedSingletonException ex) {
// A previously detected exception with proper bean creation context already,
// or illegal singleton state to be communicated up to DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.
throw ex;
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Unexpected exception during bean creation", ex);
}
}
// Bean的生成
protected Object doCreateBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)
throws BeanCreationException {
// Instantiate the bean.
BeanWrapper instanceWrapper = null;
// 如果是一个单例的，先将缓存中的移除
if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
instanceWrapper = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.remove(beanName);
}
// 这里是创建Bean的地方，由createBeanInstance完成
if (instanceWrapper == null) {
instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);
}
Object bean = instanceWrapper.getWrappedInstance();
Class<?> beanType = instanceWrapper.getWrappedClass();
if (beanType != NullBean.class) {
mbd.resolvedTargetType = beanType;
}
// Allow post-processors to modify the merged bean definition.
synchronized (mbd.postProcessingLock) {
if (!mbd.postProcessed) {
try {
applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(mbd, beanType, beanName);
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"Post-processing of merged bean definition failed", ex);
}
mbd.postProcessed = true;
}
}
// Eagerly cache singletons to be able to resolve circular references
// even when triggered by lifecycle interfaces like BeanFactoryAware.
boolean earlySingletonExposure = (mbd.isSingleton() && this.allowCircularReferences &&
isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName));
if (earlySingletonExposure) {
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Eagerly caching bean '" + beanName +
"' to allow for resolving potential circular references");
}
addSingletonFactory(beanName, () -> getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean));
}
// Initialize the bean instance.
// 这里是对Bean的初始化，依赖注入往往在这里发生，exposedObject在初始化处理完成之后会
// 返回作为依赖注入完成后的Bean
Object exposedObject = bean;
try {
populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);
exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
if (ex instanceof BeanCreationException && beanName.equals(((BeanCreationException) ex).getBeanName())) {
throw (BeanCreationException) ex;
}
else {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Initialization of bean failed", ex);
}
}
if (earlySingletonExposure) {
Object earlySingletonReference = getSingleton(beanName, false);
if (earlySingletonReference != null) {
if (exposedObject == bean) {
exposedObject = earlySingletonReference;
}
else if (!this.allowRawInjectionDespiteWrapping && hasDependentBean(beanName)) {
String[] dependentBeans = getDependentBeans(beanName);
Set<String> actualDependentBeans = new LinkedHashSet<>(dependentBeans.length);
for (String dependentBean : dependentBeans) {
if (!removeSingletonIfCreatedForTypeCheckOnly(dependentBean)) {
actualDependentBeans.add(dependentBean);
}
}
if (!actualDependentBeans.isEmpty()) {
throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName,
"Bean with name '" + beanName + "' has been injected into other beans [" +
StringUtils.collectionToCommaDelimitedString(actualDependentBeans) +
"] in its raw version as part of a circular reference, but has eventually been " +
"wrapped. This means that said other beans do not use the final version of the " +
"bean. This is often the result of over-eager type matching - consider using " +
"'getBeanNamesForType' with the 'allowEagerInit' flag turned off, for example.");
}
}
}
}
// Register bean as disposable.
try {
registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary(beanName, bean, mbd);
}
catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Invalid destruction signature", ex);
}
return exposedObject;
}
在这里我们看到，与依赖注人关系特别密切的方法有createBeanlnstance()和populateBean()，下面分别介绍这两个方法。在createBeanlnstance()中生成了Bean所包含的Java对象，这个对象的生成有很多种不同的方式，可以通过工厂方法生成，也可以通过容器的autowire特性生成，这些生成方式都是由相关的BeanDefinition来指定的。如下代码所示，可以看到不同生成方式对应的实现。
protected BeanWrapper createBeanInstance(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args) {
// Make sure bean class is actually resolved at this point.
//确定创建Bean实例的类是可以实例化的
Class<?> beanClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);
if (beanClass != null && !Modifier.isPublic(beanClass.getModifiers()) && !mbd.isNonPublicAccessAllowed()) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"Bean class isn't public, and non-public access not allowed: " + beanClass.getName());
}
Supplier<?> instanceSupplier = mbd.getInstanceSupplier();
if (instanceSupplier != null) {
return obtainFromSupplier(instanceSupplier, beanName);
}
// 这里使用工厂的方式实例化
if (mbd.getFactoryMethodName() != null) {
return instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(beanName, mbd, args);
}
// Shortcut when re-creating the same bean...
boolean resolved = false;
boolean autowireNecessary = false;
if (args == null) {
synchronized (mbd.constructorArgumentLock) {
if (mbd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod != null) {
resolved = true;
autowireNecessary = mbd.constructorArgumentsResolved;
}
}
}
if (resolved) {
if (autowireNecessary) {
return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, null, null);
}
else {
return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);
}
}
// Candidate constructors for autowiring?
// 使用构造函数的方法实例化
Constructor<?>[] ctors = determineConstructorsFromBeanPostProcessors(beanClass, beanName);
if (ctors != null || mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == AUTOWIRE_CONSTRUCTOR ||
mbd.hasConstructorArgumentValues() || !ObjectUtils.isEmpty(args)) {
return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, ctors, args);
}
// Preferred constructors for default construction?
ctors = mbd.getPreferredConstructors();
if (ctors != null) {
return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, ctors, null);
}
// No special handling: simply use no-arg constructor.
// 使用默认的构造函数对Bean实例化
return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);
}
// 最常见的实例化过程instantiateBean
protected BeanWrapper instantiateBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
try {
Object beanInstance;
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
beanInstance = AccessController.doPrivileged(
(PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, this),
getAccessControlContext());
}
else {
beanInstance = getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, this);
}
BeanWrapper bw = new BeanWrapperImpl(beanInstance);
initBeanWrapper(bw);
return bw;
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Instantiation of bean failed", ex);
}
}
这里用CGLIB对Bean进行实例化，CGLIB是一个常用的字节码生成器的类库，它提供了一系列的API来提供生成和转换Java的字节码的功能。在Spring AOP中也使用CGLIB对Java的字节码进行增强。在loC容器中，要了解怎样使用CGLIB来生成Bean对象，需要看一下SimplelnstantiationStrategy类。这个类是Spring用来生成Bean对象的默认类，它提供了两种实例化Java对象的方法，一种是通过BeanUtils,它使用了JVM的反射功能，一种是通过前面提到的CGUB来生成。如下代码：
public Object instantiate(RootBeanDefinition bd, String beanName, BeanFactory owner,
final Constructor<?> ctor, Object... args) {
if (!bd.hasMethodOverrides()) {
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
// use own privileged to change accessibility (when security is on)
AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(ctor);
return null;
});
}
//使用BeanUtils实例化Bean，这个BeanUtils的实例化通过 Constructor 来实例化Bean，利用JVM反射的功能
return BeanUtils.instantiateClass(ctor, args);
}
else {
//使用CGLIB来实例化对象
return instantiateWithMethodInjection(bd, beanName, owner, ctor, args);
}
}到这里已经分析了实例化Bean对象的整个过程，在实例化Bean对象生成的基础上，再介绍一下Spring是怎样对这些对象进行处理的，也就是Bean对象生成以后，怎样把这些Bean对象的依赖关系设置好，完成整个依赖注入过程。这个过程涉及对各种Bean对象的属性的处理过程(即依赖关系处理的过程 ) ，这些依赖关系处理的依据就是已经解析得到的BeanDefinitione要详细了解这个过程，需要回到前面的populateBean方法，这个方法在AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory中的实现如下代码所示：
public Object instantiate(RootBeanDefinition bd, @Nullable String beanName, BeanFactory owner,
final Constructor<?> ctor, Object... args) {
if (!bd.hasMethodOverrides()) {
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
// use own privileged to change accessibility (when security is on)
AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(ctor);
return null;
});
}
//使用BeanUtils实例化Bean，这个BeanUtils的实例化通过 Constructor 来实例化Bean，利用JVM反射的功能
return BeanUtils.instantiateClass(ctor, args);
}
else {
//使用CGLIB来实例化对象
return instantiateWithMethodInjection(bd, beanName, owner, ctor, args);
}
}
这里通过使用BeanDefinitionValueResolver来对BeanDefinition进行解析，然后注入到property中。下面到BeanDefinitionValueResolver中去看一下解析过程的实现，以对Bean reference进
行解析为例，具体的对Bean reference进行解析的过程如下：
//BeanDefinitionValueResolver类中：
// 解析一个引用依赖，然后注入到property中
private Object resolveReference(Object argName, RuntimeBeanReference ref) {
try {
Object bean;
//RuntimeBeanReference取得reference的类型，这个RuntimeBeanReference是在载入BeanDefinition时配置的
Class<?> beanType = ref.getBeanType();
//如果ref是在双亲IOC容器中，那么就到双亲IOC容器中获取
if (ref.isToParent()) {
BeanFactory parent = this.beanFactory.getParentBeanFactory();
if (parent == null) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
this.beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), this.beanName,
"Cannot resolve reference to bean " + ref +
" in parent factory: no parent factory available");
}
if (beanType != null) {
bean = parent.getBean(beanType);
}
else {
bean = parent.getBean(String.valueOf(doEvaluate(ref.getBeanName())));
}
}
// 在当前IOC容器中去获取Bean，这里会触发一个getBean，如果依赖注入没有发生，这里会触发相应的依赖注入的发生
else {
String resolvedName;
if (beanType != null) {
NamedBeanHolder<?> namedBean = this.beanFactory.resolveNamedBean(beanType);
bean = namedBean.getBeanInstance();
resolvedName = namedBean.getBeanName();
}
else {
resolvedName = String.valueOf(doEvaluate(ref.getBeanName()));
bean = this.beanFactory.getBean(resolvedName);
}
this.beanFactory.registerDependentBean(resolvedName, this.beanName);
}
if (bean instanceof NullBean) {
bean = null;
}
return bean;
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
this.beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), this.beanName,
"Cannot resolve reference to bean '" + ref.getBeanName() + "' while setting " + argName, ex);
}
}
//对以集合为属性的引用的依赖项，对每一个依赖项进行解析
/**
* For each element in the managed array, resolve reference if necessary.
*/
private Object resolveManagedArray(Object argName, List<?> ml, Class<?> elementType) {
Object resolved = Array.newInstance(elementType, ml.size());
for (int i = 0; i < ml.size(); i++) {
Array.set(resolved, i, resolveValueIfNecessary(new KeyedArgName(argName, i), ml.get(i)));
}
return resolved;
}
/**
* For each element in the managed list, resolve reference if necessary.
*/
private List<?> resolveManagedList(Object argName, List<?> ml) {
List<Object> resolved = new ArrayList<>(ml.size());
for (int i = 0; i < ml.size(); i++) {
resolved.add(resolveValueIfNecessary(new KeyedArgName(argName, i), ml.get(i)));
}
return resolved;
}
这两种属性的注人都调用了resolveValuelfNecessary(),这个方法包含了所有对注入类型的处理。下面看一下resolveValuelfNecessary()的实现：
// 这里对各种属性进行解析
@Nullable
public Object resolveValueIfNecessary(Object argName, @Nullable Object value) {
// We must check each value to see whether it requires a runtime reference
// to another bean to be resolved.
//这里对RuntimeBeanReference进行解析，RuntimeBeanReference是在对BeanDefinition进行解析时生成的数据对象
if (value instanceof RuntimeBeanReference) {
RuntimeBeanReference ref = (RuntimeBeanReference) value;
return resolveReference(argName, ref);
}
else if (value instanceof RuntimeBeanNameReference) {
String refName = ((RuntimeBeanNameReference) value).getBeanName();
refName = String.valueOf(doEvaluate(refName));
if (!this.beanFactory.containsBean(refName)) {
throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
"Invalid bean name '" + refName + "' in bean reference for " + argName);
}
return refName;
}
else if (value instanceof BeanDefinitionHolder) {
// Resolve BeanDefinitionHolder: contains BeanDefinition with name and aliases.
BeanDefinitionHolder bdHolder = (BeanDefinitionHolder) value;
return resolveInnerBean(argName, bdHolder.getBeanName(), bdHolder.getBeanDefinition());
}
else if (value instanceof BeanDefinition) {
// Resolve plain BeanDefinition, without contained name: use dummy name.
BeanDefinition bd = (BeanDefinition) value;
String innerBeanName = "(inner bean)" + BeanFactoryUtils.GENERATED_BEAN_NAME_SEPARATOR +
ObjectUtils.getIdentityHexString(bd);
return resolveInnerBean(argName, innerBeanName, bd);
}
else if (value instanceof DependencyDescriptor) {
Set<String> autowiredBeanNames = new LinkedHashSet<>(4);
Object result = this.beanFactory.resolveDependency(
(DependencyDescriptor) value, this.beanName, autowiredBeanNames, this.typeConverter);
for (String autowiredBeanName : autowiredBeanNames) {
if (this.beanFactory.containsBean(autowiredBeanName)) {
this.beanFactory.registerDependentBean(autowiredBeanName, this.beanName);
}
}
return result;
}
else if (value instanceof ManagedArray) {
// May need to resolve contained runtime references.
ManagedArray array = (ManagedArray) value;
Class<?> elementType = array.resolvedElementType;
if (elementType == null) {
String elementTypeName = array.getElementTypeName();
if (StringUtils.hasText(elementTypeName)) {
try {
elementType = ClassUtils.forName(elementTypeName, this.beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader());
array.resolvedElementType = elementType;
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
// Improve the message by showing the context.
throw new BeanCreationException(
this.beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), this.beanName,
"Error resolving array type for " + argName, ex);
}
}
else {
elementType = Object.class;
}
}
return resolveManagedArray(argName, (List<?>) value, elementType);
}
else if (value instanceof ManagedList) {
// May need to resolve contained runtime references.
return resolveManagedList(argName, (List<?>) value);
}
else if (value instanceof ManagedSet) {
// May need to resolve contained runtime references.
return resolveManagedSet(argName, (Set<?>) value);
}
else if (value instanceof ManagedMap) {
// May need to resolve contained runtime references.
return resolveManagedMap(argName, (Map<?, ?>) value);
}
else if (value instanceof ManagedProperties) {
Properties original = (Properties) value;
Properties copy = new Properties();
original.forEach((propKey, propValue) -> {
if (propKey instanceof TypedStringValue) {
propKey = evaluate((TypedStringValue) propKey);
}
if (propValue instanceof TypedStringValue) {
propValue = evaluate((TypedStringValue) propValue);
}
if (propKey == null || propValue == null) {
throw new BeanCreationException(
this.beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), this.beanName,
"Error converting Properties key/value pair for " + argName + ": resolved to null");
}
copy.put(propKey, propValue);
});
return copy;
}
else if (value instanceof TypedStringValue) {
// Convert value to target type here.
TypedStringValue typedStringValue = (TypedStringValue) value;
Object valueObject = evaluate(typedStringValue);
try {
Class<?> resolvedTargetType = resolveTargetType(typedStringValue);
if (resolvedTargetType != null) {
return this.typeConverter.convertIfNecessary(valueObject, resolvedTargetType);
}
else {
return valueObject;
}
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
// Improve the message by showing the context.
throw new BeanCreationException(
this.beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), this.beanName,
"Error converting typed String value for " + argName, ex);
}
}
else if (value instanceof NullBean) {
return null;
}
else {
return evaluate(value);
}
}
在完成这个解析过程后，已经为依赖注人准备好了条件，依赖已经准备好，其中处理属性的方式是各种各样的。然后需要真正把Bean对象设置到它所依赖的另一个Bean的属性中去的地方，依赖注人的发生是在BeanWrapper的setPropertyValues()中调用的，具体的完成却是在AbstractNestablePropertyAccessor类的processKeyedProperty中实现的，如下代码：
private void processKeyedProperty(PropertyTokenHolder tokens, PropertyValue pv) {
Object propValue = getPropertyHoldingValue(tokens);
PropertyHandler ph = getLocalPropertyHandler(tokens.actualName);
if (ph == null) {
throw new InvalidPropertyException(
getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + tokens.actualName, "No property handler found");
}
Assert.state(tokens.keys != null, "No token keys");
String lastKey = tokens.keys[tokens.keys.length - 1];
//对Array类型的属性注入
if (propValue.getClass().isArray()) {
Class<?> requiredType = propValue.getClass().getComponentType();
int arrayIndex = Integer.parseInt(lastKey);
Object oldValue = null;
try {
if (isExtractOldValueForEditor() && arrayIndex < Array.getLength(propValue)) {
oldValue = Array.get(propValue, arrayIndex);
}
Object convertedValue = convertIfNecessary(tokens.canonicalName, oldValue, pv.getValue(),
requiredType, ph.nested(tokens.keys.length));
int length = Array.getLength(propValue);
if (arrayIndex >= length && arrayIndex < this.autoGrowCollectionLimit) {
Class<?> componentType = propValue.getClass().getComponentType();
Object newArray = Array.newInstance(componentType, arrayIndex + 1);
System.arraycopy(propValue, 0, newArray, 0, length);
int lastKeyIndex = tokens.canonicalName.lastIndexOf('[');
String propName = tokens.canonicalName.substring(0, lastKeyIndex);
setPropertyValue(propName, newArray);
propValue = getPropertyValue(propName);
}
Array.set(propValue, arrayIndex, convertedValue);
}
catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
throw new InvalidPropertyException(getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + tokens.canonicalName,
"Invalid array index in property path '" + tokens.canonicalName + "'", ex);
}
}
// 对List类型属性注入
else if (propValue instanceof List) {
Class<?> requiredType = ph.getCollectionType(tokens.keys.length);
List<Object> list = (List<Object>) propValue;
int index = Integer.parseInt(lastKey);
Object oldValue = null;
if (isExtractOldValueForEditor() && index < list.size()) {
oldValue = list.get(index);
}
Object convertedValue = convertIfNecessary(tokens.canonicalName, oldValue, pv.getValue(),
requiredType, ph.nested(tokens.keys.length));
int size = list.size();
if (index >= size && index < this.autoGrowCollectionLimit) {
for (int i = size; i < index; i++) {
try {
list.add(null);
}
catch (NullPointerException ex) {
throw new InvalidPropertyException(getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + tokens.canonicalName,
"Cannot set element with index " + index + " in List of size " +
size + ", accessed using property path '" + tokens.canonicalName +
"': List does not support filling up gaps with null elements");
}
}
list.add(convertedValue);
}
else {
try {
list.set(index, convertedValue);
}
catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
throw new InvalidPropertyException(getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + tokens.canonicalName,
"Invalid list index in property path '" + tokens.canonicalName + "'", ex);
}
}
}
// 对Map类型属性注入
else if (propValue instanceof Map) {
Class<?> mapKeyType = ph.getMapKeyType(tokens.keys.length);
Class<?> mapValueType = ph.getMapValueType(tokens.keys.length);
Map<Object, Object> map = (Map<Object, Object>) propValue;
// IMPORTANT: Do not pass full property name in here - property editors
// must not kick in for map keys but rather only for map values.
TypeDescriptor typeDescriptor = TypeDescriptor.valueOf(mapKeyType);
Object convertedMapKey = convertIfNecessary(null, null, lastKey, mapKeyType, typeDescriptor);
Object oldValue = null;
if (isExtractOldValueForEditor()) {
oldValue = map.get(convertedMapKey);
}
// Pass full property name and old value in here, since we want full
// conversion ability for map values.
Object convertedMapValue = convertIfNecessary(tokens.canonicalName, oldValue, pv.getValue(),
mapValueType, ph.nested(tokens.keys.length));
map.put(convertedMapKey, convertedMapValue);
}
// 其它类型属性注入
else {
throw new InvalidPropertyException(getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + tokens.canonicalName,
"Property referenced in indexed property path '" + tokens.canonicalName +
"' is neither an array nor a List nor a Map; returned value was [" + propValue + "]");
}
}
在Bean的创建和对象依赖注人的过程中，需要依据BeanDefinition中的信息来递归地完成依赖注入。从上面的几个递归过程中可以看到,这些递归都是以getBean()为入口的。一个递归是在上下文体系中查找需要的Bean和创建Bean的递归调用,另一个递归是在依赖注入时，通过递归调用容器的getBean()方法，得到当前Bean的依赖Bean,同时也触发对依赖Bean的创建和注入。在对Bean的属性进行依赖注入时，解析的过程也是一个递归的过程。这样，根据依赖关系，一层一层地完成Bean的创建和注入，直到最后完成当前Bean的创建。有了这个顶层Bean的创建和对它的属性依赖注入的完成，意味着和当前Bean相关的整个依赖链的注入也完成了。
在Bean创建和依赖注入完成以后，在loC容器中建立起一系列依靠依赖关系联系起来的Bean,这个Bean已经不是简单的java对象了。该Bean系列以及Bean之间的依赖关系建立完成以后，通过loC容器的相关接口方法，就可以非常方便地供上层应用使用了。继续以水桶为例，到这里，我们不但找到了水源，而且成功地把水装到了水桶中，同时对水桶里的水完成了一系列的处理，比如消毒、煮沸，尽管还是水，但经过一系列的处理以后，这些水已经是开水了，可以直接饮用了。
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