目录
选择 | 类似于或者 从左向右进行匹配 匹配到之后直接输出结果
String对正则表达式的支持 1.search 2.match 3.split 4.replace
正则表达式
创建
var reg=/hello/修饰符
var reg=new RegExp('hello','修饰符')实例方法
exec 可用来匹配字符串中符合正则表达式的字符串 如果匹配到，返回值是一个result数组:
test 用来测试待检测的字符串中是否有可以匹配到正则表达式的字符串
var str = 'hello html hello js hello css'
var reg1 = /hello/g
console.log(reg1.exec(str));
<!-- [
'hello',
index: 0,
input: 'hello html hello js hello css',
groups: undefined
] -->通过循环的方式 输出所有满足条件的 必须开启全局匹配模式
while(true){
var res = reg1.exec(str)
if (!res) {
break;
}
console.log(res);
}
//
[
'hello',
index: 0,
input: 'hello html hello js hello css',
groups: undefined
]
[
'hello',
index: 11,
input: 'hello html hello js hello css',
groups: undefined
]
[
'hello',
index: 20,
input: 'hello html hello js hello css',
groups: undefined
]
构造函数创建
// var reg2 = new RegExp('正则表达式','匹配模式')
var reg2 = new RegExp('hello','g')
// test 满足条件 返回true 不满足 返回false
console.log(reg2.test('helo 2022 helo'));
//false
console.log(typeof reg2.toString());
console.log(typeof reg2.valueOf());
//string
objectlastIndex
var str = 'hello html hello js hello css'
// 没有开启全局匹配 没有lastIndex这个属性的 每次校验都会回到其实位置 0 重新匹配
var reg1 = /hello/
// 开启全局匹配模式
var reg2 = /hello/g
console.log(reg1.lastIndex);
console.log(reg1.exec(str));
console.log(reg1.lastIndex);
console.log(reg1.lastIndex);
console.log(reg1.exec(str));
console.log(reg1.lastIndex);
<!--
0
[
'hello',
index: 0,
input: 'hello html hello js hello css',
groups: undefined
]
0
0
[
'hello',
index: 0,
input: 'hello html hello js hello css',
groups: undefined
]
0 -->
console.log(reg2.lastIndex);
console.log(reg2.exec(str));
console.log(reg2.lastIndex);
console.log(reg2.lastIndex);
console.log(reg2.exec(str));
console.log(reg2.lastIndex);
<!--
0
[
'hello',
index: 0,
input: 'hello html hello js hello css',
groups: undefined
]
5
5
[
'hello',
index: 11,
input: 'hello html hello js hello css',
groups: undefined
]
16-->
字符集合
// [英文字母]
var reg1 = /[abc]/g
var reg2 = /[a-z]/g
console.log(reg1.test('123'));
//false
// [数字]
var reg3 = /[0-9]/g
console.log(reg3.test('hello 2022'));
//true
// [^反义字符] 记住 必须写在中括号里面
var reg4 = /[^abc]/g
console.log(reg4.test('!'));
//true边界符
// 以谁开始
var reg1 = /^[0-9]/g
console.log(reg1.test('1ahello'));
//true
// 以谁结尾
var reg2 = /[0-9]$/
console.log(reg2.test('hello web'));
//false
// 开始和结尾 精准匹配
var reg3 = /^abc$/g
console.log(reg3.test('abc'));
//true边界符 配合 字符集和使用
var reg4 = /^[abc]$/g
console.log(reg4.test('a'));
//true\b \B
var str = 'Hello World Hello JavaScript';
var regb = /\bHello\b/
var regB = /\BScrip\B/
console.log(regb.test(str));
console.log(regB.test(str));
//true
//true字符类
// . => [^\n\r]
var str = '\n'
var reg1 = /./
console.log(reg1.test(str));
//false
// \d => [0-9]
// \D => [^0-9]
var reg1 = /^\D/
var reg2 = /^[0-9]/
console.log(reg1.test('hello'));
console.log(reg2.test('hello'));
//true
//false
// \w => [a-zA-z0-9_]
// W\ => [^a-zA-z0-9_]
var reg2 = /^\w/
var reg3 = /^\W/
console.log(reg2.test('!123String'));
console.log(reg3.test('!123String'));
//false
//true
数量词
// * 大于等于0次
var reg1 = /^a*$/
console.log(reg1.test('aaaaa'));
//true
// + >=1次
var reg1 = /^a+$/
console.log(reg1.test('aaa'));匹配QQ号
// 1.以1-9开始
// 2.5-11位
// 3.只能有数字组成
// 注意 正则表达式中 如果没有特殊需求 不要加空格
var regQQ = /^[1-9]\d{4,10}$/
console.log(regQQ.test('12312'));
//true匹配身份证号
// 不以0开头
// 18位
// xX\d
var regId = /^[1-9]\d{16}[xX\d]$/
console.log(regId.test('23050620001112000x');
//true重复方式
贪婪模式
var str = '123456789'
var reg1 = /\d{3,6}/g
console.log(reg1.exec(str));
console.log(reg1.exec(str));
//[ '123456', index: 0, input: '123456789', groups: undefined ]
//[ '789', index: 6, input: '123456789', groups: undefined ]非贪婪模式 在数量词后面 ？
var str = '123456789'
var reg2 = /\d{3,6}?/g
console.log(reg2.exec(str));
console.log(reg2.exec(str));
console.log(reg2.exec(str));
console.log(reg2.exec(str));
<!--
[ '123', index: 0, input: '123456789', groups: undefined ]
[ '456', index: 3, input: '123456789', groups: undefined ]
[ '789', index: 6, input: '123456789', groups: undefined ]
null
-->
选择 | 类似于或者 从左向右进行匹配 匹配到之后直接输出结果
var reg1 = /html|css|js/g
console.log(reg1.exec('Hello html hello css hello js'));
console.log(reg1.exec('Hello html hello css hello js'));
console.log(reg1.exec('Hello html hello css hello js'));
<!--
[
'html',
index: 6,
input: 'Hello html hello css hello js',
groups: undefined
]
[
'css',
index: 17,
input: 'Hello html hello css hello js',
groups: undefined
]
[
'js',
index: 27,
input: 'Hello html hello css hello js',
groups: undefined
] -->
分组
// var reg2 = /studystudystudy/
var reg2 = /(study){3}/
console.log(reg2.test('studystudystudy'));
//true捕获与引用
//捕获 以左括号计算 var regDate = /(\d{4})-(\d{2})-(\d{2})/ console.log(regDate.test('2022-08-15')); console.log(RegExp.$1); console.log(RegExp.$2); console.log(RegExp.$3); <!-- true 2022 08 15 -->
var reg = /((apple) is (a (fruit)))/
var str = "apple is a fruit"
reg.test(str)
console.log(RegExp.$1);
console.log(RegExp.$2);
console.log(RegExp.$3);
console.log(RegExp.$4);
<!--
apple is a fruit
apple
a fruit
fruit
-->引用
var reg4 = /(\w{3}) is \1/g
console.log(reg4.test('kid is dik'));
//falseString对正则表达式的支持
1.search
2.match
3.split
4.replace
var str = 'good good study day day up'
var reg1 = /hello/g
console.log(reg1.test(str));
console.log(str.search(reg1));
<!--
false
-1
-->/match
var str = 'hello world hello';
var reg1 = /hello/;
var reg2 = /hello/g;
var reg3 = /(he)llo/;
var reg4 = /(he)llo/g;
console.log(str.match(reg1));
// [ 'hello', index: 0, input: 'hello world hello', groups: undefined ]
console.log(str.match(reg2));
// [ 'hello', 'hello' ]
console.log(str.match(reg3));
//[
'hello',
'he',
index: 0,
input: 'hello world hello',
groups: undefined
]
console.log(str.match(reg4));
//[ 'hello', 'hello' ]// replace 查找满足正则表达式的结果 并且进行替换
var str = 'hello html hello css hello js'
var reg2 = /hello/g
// 替换后的结果
var res = str.replace(reg2,'study')
console.log(res);
<!--
study html study css study js
-->
// split
// 以某种形式分割字符串 split()
var str = "hello123html456hello78css9hello0js";
// + 当数字出现一次或多次时
var reg = /\d+/;
var result = str.split(reg);
console.log(result);
<!--
[ 'hello', 'html', 'hello', 'css', 'hello', 'js' ]
-->前瞻
// 正向前瞻
var str = 'Hello, Hi, I am Hilary.';
// 后面一定要匹配什么
var reg = /H(?=i)/g;
var newStr = str.replace(reg, "T");
console.log(newStr);
//Hello, Ti, I am Tilary.// 负向前瞻
var str = 'Hello, Hi, I am Hilary.';
// 后面一定不要匹配什么
var reg = /H(?!i)/g;
var newStr = str.replace(reg, "T");
console.log(newStr);
//Tello, Hi, I am Hilary.
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