实验要求
1、R4为ISP,其上只能配置IP地址;R4与其他所有直连设备间均使用公有IP。
2、R3、R5、R6、R7为MGRE环境,R3为中心站点。
3、整个OSPF环境IP地址基于172.16.0.0/16划分。
4、减少LSA的更新量,加快收敛,保证更新安全。
地址划分
由题目可知,我们可以将整张拓扑图非为6大块,所有可以将母网的子网掩码向主机位借三位,每个区域再根据区域的实际情况再进行划分,这样有助于汇总
172.16.0.0/16
172.16.0.0/19 a0
172.16.0.0/25(点到点骨干) 172.16.0.0/30
172.16.0.128/25(MA骨干) 172.16.0.128/29
172.16.1.0/25 --- 172.16.31.128/25(用户)
172.16.32.0/19 a1
172.16.32.0/25(点到点骨干) 172.16.32.0/30
172.16.32.128/25(MA骨干) 172.16.32.128/29
172.16.33.0/25 --- 172.16.63.128/25(用户)
172.16.64.0/19 a2
172.16.64.0/25(点到点骨干) 172.16.64.0/30
172.16.64.128/25(MA骨干) 172.16.64.128/29
172.16.65.0/25 --- 172.16.95.128/25(用户)
172.16.96.0/19 a3
172.16.96.0/25(点到点骨干) 172.16.96.0/30
172.16.96.128/25(MA骨干) 172.16.96.128/29
172.16.97.0/25 --- 172.16.127.128/25(用户)
172.16.128.0/19 a4
172.16.128.0/25(点到点骨干) 172.16.128.0/30
172.16.128.128/25(MA骨干) 172.16.128.128/29
172.16.129.0/25 --- 172.16.159.128/25(用户)
172.16.160.0/19
RIP 172.16.160.0/20 172.16.176.0/20
172.16.192.0/24
172.16.224.0/24
配置ip地址
[r1]int GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.33.1 29
[r1]int LoopBack 0
[r1-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.34.1 24
[r2]int g0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.33.2 29
[r2]int LoopBack 0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.35.1 24
[r3]int g0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.33.3 29
[r3]int LoopBack 0
[r3-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.36.1 24
[r3]int Serial 4/0/0
[r3-Serial4/0/0]ip address 34.0.0.1 24
[r4]int s4/0/0
[r4-Serial4/0/0]ip address 34.0.0.2 24
[r4]int s4/0/1
[r4-Serial4/0/1]ip address 45.0.0.2 24
[r4]int s3/0/0
[r4-Serial3/0/0]ip address 46.0.0.2 24
[r4-Serial3/0/0]int g0/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 47.0.0.2 24
[r4]int LoopBack 0
[r4-LoopBack0]ip address 4.4.4.4 24
[r5]int s4/0/0
[r5-Serial4/0/0]ip address 45.0.0.1 24
[r5]int LoopBack 0
[r5-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.2.1 24
[r6]int s4/0/0
[r6-Serial4/0/0]ip address 46.0.0.1 24
[r6]int LoopBack 0
[r6-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.3.1 24
[r6]int GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.65.1 29
[r7]int g0/0/0
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 47.0.0.1 24
[r7]int g0/0/1
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.97.1 29
[r7]int LoopBack 0
[r7-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.4.1 24
[r8]int g0/0/0
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.97.2 29
[r8]int g0/0/1
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.97.9 29
[r8]int LoopBack 0
[r8-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.98.1 24
[r9]int g0/0/0
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.97.10 29
[r9]int g0/0/1
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.129.1 29
[r9]int LoopBack 0
[r9-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.130.1 24
[r10]int g0/0/0
[r10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.129.2 29
[r10]int LoopBack 0
[r10-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.131.1 24
[r11]int g0/0/0
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.65.2 29
[r11]int g0/0/1
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.65.9 29
[r11]int LoopBack 0
[r11-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.66.1 24
[r12]int g0/0/0
[r12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.65.10 29
[r12]int LoopBack 0
[r12-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.162.1 24
[r12]int LoopBack 1
[r12-LoopBack1]ip address 172.16.163.1 24
配置缺省
[r3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 34.0.0.2
[r5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 45.0.0.2
[r6]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 46.0.0.2
[r7]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 47.0.0.2
三、搭建MGRE环境
[r3]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.1.1 29
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]source 34.0.0.1
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic
[r5]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.1.2 29
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]source Serial 4/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.1.1 34.0.0.1 register
[r6]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.1.3 29
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]source Serial 4/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.1.1 34.0.0.1 register
[r7]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.1.4 29
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]source GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.1.1 34.0.0.1 register
配置ospf和rip
[r1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[r1-ospf-1]a 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]net
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-1]a 1
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]net
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]a 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.32.0 0.0.7.255
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]q
[r3-ospf-1]a 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.1.1 0.0.0.0
[r5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[r5-ospf-1]a 0
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[r6-ospf-1]a 0
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.3.255
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[r6-ospf-1]a 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.65.1 0.0.0.0
[r7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[r7-ospf-1]a 0
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.7.255
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[r7-ospf-1]a 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.97.1 0.0.0.0
[r8]ospf 1 router-id 8.8.8.8
[r8-ospf-1]a 3
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]net
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r9]ospf 1 router-id 9.9.9.9
[r9-ospf-1]a 3
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.97.10 0.0.0.0
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]q
[r9-ospf-1]q
[r9]ospf 2
[r9-ospf-2]a 4
[r9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.128.0 0.0.3.255
[r10]ospf 1 router-id 10.10.10.10
[r10-ospf-1]a 4
[r10-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r11]ospf 1 router-id 11.11.11.11
[r11-ospf-1]a 2
[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r12]ospf 1 router-id 12.12.12.12
[r12-ospf-1]a 2
[r12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.65.10 0.0.0.0
[r12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]q
[r12-ospf-1]q
[r12]rip
[r12-rip-1]v 2
[r12-rip-1]net
[r12-rip-1]network 172.16.0.0
将rip和area 4重发布到ospf中
[r9]ospf 1
[r9-ospf-1]import-route ospf 2
[r12]ospf 1
[r12-ospf-1]import-route rip 1
为了使area 4能够到达其他区域,同时为了减少LSA更新量,可以在R10上手工配置一条指向R9的缺省,也可以在R9上下发一条5类缺省:
[r9-ospf-2]default-route-advertise
五、OSPF路由汇总
[r3]ospf 1
[r3-ospf-1]a 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.32.0 255.255.224.0
[r6]ospf 1
[r6-ospf-1]a 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]abr-summary 172.16.64.0 255.255.224.0
[r7]ospf 1
[r7-ospf-1]a 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]abr-summary 172.16.96.0 255.255.224.0
[r9]ospf 1
[r9-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.128.0 255.255.224.0
[r12]ospf 1
[r12-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.160.0 255.255.224.0
查看ospf路由表
六、为area1、area2、area3做特殊区域
1、area1的完全末梢区域
[r1]ospf 1
[r1-ospf-1]a 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub
[r2]ospf 1
[r2-ospf-1]a 1
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub
[r3]ospf 1
[r3-ospf-1]a 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary
2、area2的完全的非完全末梢区域
[r6]ospf 1
[r6-ospf-1]a 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary
[r11]ospf 1
[r11-ospf-1]a 2
[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa
[r12]ospf 1
[r12-ospf-1]a 2
[r12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa
3、area3的完全的非完全末梢区域
[r7]ospf 1
[r7-ospf-1]a 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary
[r8]ospf 1
[r8-ospf-1]a 3
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa
[r9]ospf 1
[r9-ospf-1]a 3
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa
七、配置NULL 0接口防环
[r3]ip route-static 172.16.32.0 19 NULL 0
[r6]ip route-static 172.16.64.0 19 NULL 0
[r7]ip route-static 172.16.96.0 19 NULL 0
[r9]ip route-static 172.16.128.0 19 NULL 0
[r12]ip route-static 172.16.160.0 19 NULL 0
八、配置NAT
[r3]acl 2000
[r3-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r3-acl-basic-2000]q
[r3]int Serial 4/0/0
[r3-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000
[r6]acl 2000
[r6-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r6-acl-basic-2000]q
[r6]int Serial 4/0/0
[r6-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000
[r7]acl 2000
[r7-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r7-acl-basic-2000]q
[r7]int GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000
全网可达
九、加快收敛
1、为MGRE环境减少计时器时间
[r3]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10
[r5]int t 0/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10
[r6]int t 0/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10
[r7]int t 0/0/0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10
2、将所有直连的MA的接口网络类型改为p2p
[r7]int g0/0/1
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf network-type p2p
[r8]int g0/0/0
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf network-type p2p
[r8]int g0/0/1
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf network-type p2p
[r9]int g0/0/0
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf network-type p2p
[r9]int g0/0/1
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf network-type p2p
[r10]int g0/0/0
[r10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf network-type p2p
[r6]int g0/0/0
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf network-type p2p
[r11]int g0/0/0
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf network-type p2p
[r11]int g0/0/1
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf network-type p2p
[r12]int g0/0/0
[r12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf network-type p2p
十、OSPF认证
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
[r9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
[r10-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
[r12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456