Flask-SQLAlchemy(四）连接mysql并运行生成数据表

一、配置文件settings.py

创建配置文件以连接本地mysql：

# mysql setting
class MySQLConfig(object):

    DEBUG = True
    SECRET_KEY = "your_password"
    SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI = "mysql+pymysql://{username}:{password}@{ipaddress}:{port}/{database}".format(username="root", password=SECRET_KEY, ipaddress="127.0.0.1", port="3306", database="mall")
    SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS = True  # 动态追踪修改设置
    SQLALCHEMY_ECHO = True

二、在models.py中建表

如何映射关系请参考前三篇文章，这里截取一个网络商城项目部分代码为例：

from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy

db = SQLAlchemy() # 创建db对象

class User(db.Model):
    __tablename__ = "user"
    __table_args__ = {'mysql_collate': 'utf8_general_ci'}

    _id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    name = db.Column(db.String(30))
    account = db.Column(db.String(11), unique=True)
    password = db.Column(db.String(64))
    avatar = db.Column(db.String(256))
    age = db.Column(db.Integer)
    idCard = db.Column(db.String(18))
    gneder = db.Column(db.String(2))
    createTime = db.Column(db.DateTime)
    loginTime = db.Column(db.DateTime)
    logoutTime = db.Column(db.DateTime)
    balance = db.Column(db.Float(10), default=0)

    vip = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey("vip._id"))

    def __repr__(self):
        return "User:%s" % self.name


goodsCourt = db.Table("goodsCourt",
                      db.Column("goods_id", db.Integer, db.ForeignKey("goods._id")),
                      db.Column("court_id", db.Integer, db.ForeignKey("court._id"))
                      )


class Court(db.Model):
    __tablename__ = "court"
    __table_args__ = {'mysql_collate': 'utf8_general_ci'}
    _id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    user_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey('user._id'))
    number = db.Column(db.Integer, default=0)  # 记录商品种类
    goods = db.relationship("Goods", secondary=goodsCourt, backref=db.backref("court", lazy="dynamic"), lazy="dynamic")


class Address(db.Model):
    __tablename__ = "address"
    __table_args__ = {'mysql_collate': 'utf8_general_ci'}
    _id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    province = db.Column(db.String(18))
    town = db.Column(db.String(18))
    county = db.Column(db.String(18))
    detail = db.Column(db.String(200))
    user_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey("user._id"))

    def __repr__(self):
        return "Address:%s" % self.detail
        # ..................

三、app.py:

from flask import Flask
from models import *
from settings import *

app = Flask(__name__)
app.config.from_object(MySQLConfig)

with app.app_context():
    db.init_app(app)
    db.create_all() # 创建表

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

四、在mysql中创建数据库mall:

这里创建的数据库即配置文件settings.py中的SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI中的database的名字。

五、运行app.py

运行后在Navicat中刷新即可看到mall从空添加了13张表