学生管理系统控制台版（java）

 首先得先写个Student类，用来存放学生信息

public class Student {
    private String id;
    private  String name;
    private int age;
    private String address;


    public Student() {
    }

    public Student(String id, String name, int age, String address) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.address = address;
    }

    /**
     * 获取
     * @return id
     */
    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }

    /**
     * 设置
     * @param id
     */
    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    /**
     * 获取
     * @return name
     */
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    /**
     * 设置
     * @param name
     */
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    /**
     * 获取
     * @return age
     */
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    /**
     * 设置
     * @param age
     */
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    /**
     * 获取
     * @return address
     */
    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    /**
     * 设置
     * @param address
     */
    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    public String toString() {
        return "Student{id = " + id + ", name = " + name + ", age = " + age + ", address = " + address + "}";
    }
}

再写个User类，用来存放用户名，密码，身份证号，手机号 

public class User {

    private String  username;
    private String password;
    private String idOnly;
    private String phone;


    public User() {
    }

    public User(String username, String password, String idOnly, String phone) {
        this.username = username;
        this.password = password;
        this.idOnly = idOnly;
        this.phone = phone;
    }

    /**
     * 获取
     * @return username
     */
    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    /**
     * 设置
     * @param username
     */
    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    /**
     * 获取
     * @return password
     */
    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    /**
     * 设置
     * @param password
     */
    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    /**
     * 获取
     * @return idOnly
     */
    public String getIdOnly() {
        return idOnly;
    }

    /**
     * 设置
     * @param idOnly
     */
    public void setIdOnly(String idOnly) {
        this.idOnly = idOnly;
    }

    /**
     * 获取
     * @return phone
     */
    public String getPhone() {
        return phone;
    }

    /**
     * 设置
     * @param phone
     */
    public void setPhone(String phone) {
        this.phone = phone;
    }

    public String toString() {
        return "User{username = " + username + ", password = " + password + ", idOnly = " + idOnly + ", phone = " + phone + "}";
    }
}

 接下来就可以开始写正式的代码了

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class StudentSystem {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ArrayList<User>userList=new ArrayList<>();
        int count=0;
        while (true) {
            System.out.println("欢迎来到学生管理系统");
            System.out.println("请选择操作1登录 2注册 3忘记密码");
            Scanner sd=new Scanner(System.in);
            int s = sd.nextInt();
            switch (s){
                case 1: {
                    boolean login = login(userList);
                    if(count==3){
                        System.out.println("您已输入三次错误");
                        exit();
                    }
                    if (login){
                        ArrayList<Student>list=new ArrayList<>();
                        while (true) {
                            System.out.println("----------欢迎来到学生管理系统-----------");
                            System.out.println("1:添加学生");
                            System.out.println("2:删除学生");
                            System.out.println("3:修改学生");
                            System.out.println("4:查询学生");
                            System.out.println("5:退出");
                            System.out.println("请输入您的选择:");
                            Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
                            int number = sc.nextInt();
                            switch (number) {
                                case 1:
                                    addStudent(list);
                                    break;
                                case 2:
                                    deleteStudent(list);
                                    break;
                                case 3:
                                    reviseStudent(list);
                                    break;
                                case 4:
                                    selectStudent(list);
                                    break;
                                case 5:
                                    exit();
                                    System.exit(0);//停止虚拟机运行
                                default:
                                    System.out.println("没有这个选项");
                            }
                        }

                    }
                    else {
                        System.out.println("用户名密码错误，请重新输入");
                        count++;
                        break;
                    }

                }
                case 2:
                    zhuCe(userList);
                break;
                case 3:forget(userList);
                break;
                default:
                    System.out.println("没有这个选项");
            }
        }

    }

    //添加学生
    public static void   addStudent(ArrayList<Student>list){
        Student s=new Student();
        Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
        String id= null;
        while (true) {
            System.out.println("请输入学生id");
            id = sc.next();
            boolean flag = exist(list, id);
            if(flag){
                System.out.println("id已经存在，请重新录入");
            }
            else{
                s.setId(id);
                break;
            }
        }

        System.out.println("请输入学生姓名");
        String name=sc.next();
        s.setName(name);
        System.out.println("请输入学生年龄");
        int age=sc.nextInt();
        s.setAge(age);
        System.out.println("请输入学生住址");
        String address=sc.next();
        s.setAddress(address);

        list.add(s);

        System.out.println("学生信息添加成功");
    }

    //删除学生
    public static void deleteStudent(ArrayList<Student>list){
        System.out.println("您要删除的学生id");
        Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
        String id=sc.next();
        int i = index(list, id);
        if(i>=0){
            list.remove(i);
            System.out.println("id为"+id+"的学生删除成功");
        }
        else{
            System.out.println("id不存在，删除失败");
        }
    }

    //修改学生
    public static void reviseStudent(ArrayList<Student>list){
        Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入要修改的学生id");
        String stuId = sc.next();
        int i = index(list, stuId);
        if(i>=0){

            Student stu=list.get(i);
            System.out.println("请输入学生姓名");
            String name=sc.next();
            stu.setName(name);
            System.out.println("请输入学生年龄");
            int age=sc.nextInt();
            stu.setAge(age);
            System.out.println("请输入学生住址");
            String address=sc.next();
            stu.setAddress(address);

            System.out.println("学生信息修改成功");
        }
        else{
            System.out.println("要修改的id"+stuId+"不存在,请重新输入");
            return;
        }

    }

    //查询学生
    public static void selectStudent(ArrayList<Student>list){
        if(list.size()==0){
            System.out.println("当前无学生信息，请添加后再查询");
            return;
        }
        System.out.println("id\t\t姓名\t年龄\t地址");
        for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
            Student student = list.get(i);
            System.out.println(student.getId()+"\t"+student.getName()+"\t"+student.getAge()+"\t"+student.getAddress());
        }
    }

    //退出
    public static void exit(){
        System.out.println("退出");
    }

    //是否存在id
    public static boolean exist(ArrayList<Student>list,String id){
        for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
            Student stu = list.get(i);
            String stuId = stu.getId();
            if(stuId.equals(id)){
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }


    //根据id获取索引
    public static int index(ArrayList<Student>list,String id){
        for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
            Student stu = list.get(i);
            String stuId = stu.getId();
            if(stuId.equals(id)){
                return i;
            }
        }
        return -1;
    }

    //登录
    public static  boolean login(ArrayList<User>userList){
        Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入用户名");
        String name = sc.next();
        System.out.println("请输入密码");
        String pwd=sc.next();
        String yesCode=getCode();
        System.out.println("请输入验证码");
        String code=sc.next();
        for (int i = 0; i < userList.size(); i++) {
            User user = userList.get(i);
            String username = user.getUsername();
            String password = user.getPassword();
            if(username.equals(name)&&password.equals(pwd)&&(code.equalsIgnoreCase(yesCode))){
                return true;
            }
        }
        boolean exist = existUser(userList, name);
        if(exist==false){
            System.out.println("用户未注册，请先注册");
        }
        return false;
    }

    //注册
    public static  void zhuCe(ArrayList<User>userList){
        User user=new User();
        Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
        while (true) {
            System.out.println("请输入用户名");
            String username = sc.next();
            boolean flag1 = checkUsername(username);
            if (!flag1) {
                System.out.println("用户格式不满足，需要重新输入");
                continue;
            }
            boolean flag2 = existUser(userList, username);
            if(flag2){
                System.out.println("用户名"+username+"已存在，请重新输入");
            }
            else{
                System.out.println("用户名"+username+"可用");
                user.setUsername(username);
                break;
            }
        }

        while (true) {
            System.out.println("请输入密码");
            String password = sc.next();
            System.out.println("请再次输入密码");
            String againPassword=sc.next();
            if(!againPassword.equals(password)){
                System.out.println("两次输入的密码不一致，请重新输入");
            }
            else{
                System.out.println("两次输入的密码一致");
                user.setPassword(password);
                break;
            }

        }

        while (true) {
            System.out.println("请输入身份证号，长度18，不能以0开头，前17为必须是数字，最后一位可以是数字，也可以是大写X或小写x");
            String idOnly = sc.next();
            boolean flag3 = checkIdOnly(idOnly);
            if(flag3){
                System.out.println("身份证"+idOnly+"可用");
                user.setIdOnly(idOnly);
                break;
            }
            else{
                System.out.println("身份证"+idOnly+"没有按要求填写");
            }
        }
        while (true) {
            System.out.println("请输入手机号码,长度为11,不能以0开头,必须都是数字");
            String phone = sc.next();
            boolean flag4 = checkPhone(phone);
            if(flag4){
                System.out.println("手机号"+phone+"可用");
                user.setPhone(phone);
                break;
            }
            else{
                System.out.println("手机号"+phone+"没有按要求填写");
            }
        }
       userList.add(user);
    }

    //生成验证码
    public static String getCode(){
        ArrayList<Character>list=new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++) {
            list.add((char)('a'+i));
            list.add((char)('A'+i));
        }
        StringBuilder sb=new StringBuilder();
        Random r=new Random();
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            //获取随即索引
            int index=r.nextInt(list.size());
            //利用随即索引获取字符
            char c=list.get(index);
            //把随机字符添加到sb中
            sb.append(c);
        }
        int number=r.nextInt(10);
        sb.append(number);
        System.out.print("正确的验证码为：");
        System.out.println(sb);
        char[] arr=sb.toString().toCharArray();
        int randomIndex=r.nextInt(arr.length);
        char temp = arr[randomIndex];
        arr[randomIndex]=arr[arr.length-1];
        arr[arr.length-1]=temp;
        return new String(arr);
    }
    //校验手机号
    private static boolean checkPhone(String phone) {
        //长度为11
        if(phone.length()!=11){
            return false;
        }
        //不能以0开头
        boolean flag = phone.startsWith("0");//如果判断正确返回true
        if(flag){
            return false;
        }
        //必须都是数字
        for (int i = 0; i < phone.length()-1; i++) {
            char c = phone.charAt(i);
            if(!(c>='0'&&c<='9')){
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    //校验身份证
    private static boolean checkIdOnly(String idOnly) {
        if(idOnly.length()!=18){
            return false;
        }
        /*开头不能为0*/
        boolean flag = idOnly.startsWith("0");//如果判断正确返回true
        if(flag){
            return false;
        }
        //前17为必须是数字
        for (int i = 0; i < idOnly.length()-1; i++) {
            char c = idOnly.charAt(i);
            if(!(c>='0'&&c<='9')){
                return false;
            }
        }
        //最后一位
        char endChar = idOnly.charAt(idOnly.length() - 1);
        if(!((endChar>='0'&&endChar<='9')||(endChar=='X')||(endChar=='x'))){
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }

    //忘记密码
    public static  void forget(ArrayList<User>userList){
        User user=new User();
        System.out.println("请输入用户名");
        Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
        String username = sc.next();
        boolean flag = existUser(userList, username);
        if(flag){
            System.out.println("请输入身份证号");
            String idOnly=sc.next();
            boolean result1 = existIdOnly(userList, idOnly);
            System.out.println("请输入手机号");
            String phone=sc.next();
            boolean result2 = existPhone(userList, phone);
            if(result1&&result2){
                System.out.println("请输入密码");
                String password=sc.next();
                user.setPassword(password);
            }
            else{
                System.out.println("账号信息不匹配，修改失败");
            }
        }
        else{
            System.out.println("未注册");
        }
    }

    //校验用户名
    public static boolean checkUsername(String username){
        //用户名长度在3~15之间
        int len=username.length();
        if(len<3||len>15){
            return false;
        }
        //只能是字母+数字，但不能是纯数字
        for (int i = 0; i < username.length(); i++) {
            char c = username.charAt(i);
            if(!((c>='a'&&c<='z')||(c>='A'&&c<='Z')||(c>='0'&&c<='9'))){
                return  false;
            }
        }

        int count=0;
        for (int i = 0; i < username.length(); i++) {
            char c = username.charAt(i);
            if((c>='a'&&c<='z')||(c>='A'&&c<='Z')){
               count++;
               break;
            }
        }
        return count>0;
    }

    //是否存在用户名
    public static boolean existUser(ArrayList<User>userList,String username){
        for (int i = 0; i < userList.size(); i++) {
            User user = userList.get(i);
            String stuId = user.getUsername();
            if(stuId.equals(username)){
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    //是否存在身份证号
    public static boolean existIdOnly(ArrayList<User>userList,String idOnly){
        for (int i = 0; i < userList.size(); i++) {
            User user = userList.get(i);
            String stuIdOnly = user.getIdOnly();
            if(stuIdOnly.equals(idOnly)){
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    //是否存在手机号
    public static boolean existPhone(ArrayList<User>userList,String phone){
        for (int i = 0; i < userList.size(); i++) {
            User user = userList.get(i);
            String stuPhone = user.getPhone();
            if(stuPhone.equals(phone)){
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }
}

运行结果