C语言指向字符串的指针绝好

一、C语言字符串的表示形式

 C语言没有单独的字符串对象，它是通过数组的形式来表示字符串的：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main(void)
{
char str[] = “hello world”;
printf("%s\n",str);
printf("%c\n",str[1]);

}
上述字符串“hello world”共11个字符，加上结束字符“\0”在内存中共12个字符。
二、通过字符指针引用字符串

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main(void)
{
char *str = “hello world”;
printf("%s\n",str);
printf("%c\n",str[1]);
}

字符串拷贝示例：
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main(void)
{
char str_src[] = “hello world”;
char str_desc[12],*p1,*p2;
p1 = str_src;
p2 = str_desc;
while(*p1!=’\0’){
p1++;
p2++;
*p2 = *p1;
}
*p2 = ‘\0’;
printf(“The str_src is : %s\n”,str_src);
printf(“The str_desc is : %s\n”,str_desc);

}
三、字符串传参
1、使用字符串的数组名传递参数
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main(void)
{
char s1[] = “hello world”;
char s2[12];
copyString(s1,s2);
printf(“s2 = %s\n”,s2);
}

void copyString(char str_src[],char str_desc[]){
int i;
for(i = 0; str_src[i]!=’\0’;i++){
str_desc[i] = str_src[i];
}
str_desc[i] = ‘\0’;
}
2、使用字符串指针变量
形式一：
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main(void)
{
char *s1 = “hello world”;
char *s2 = (char *)malloc(12);
copyString(s1,s2);
printf(“s2 = %s\n”,s2);
}

void copyString(char str_src[],char str_desc[]){
int i;
for(i = 0; str_src[i]!=’\0’;i++){
str_desc[i] = str_src[i];
}
str_desc[i] = ‘\0’;
}
形式二：
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main(void)
{
char *s1 = “hello world”;
char *s2 = (char *)malloc(12);
copyString(s1,s2);
printf(“s2 = %s\n”,s2);
}

void copyString(char str_src ,char str_desc){
int i;
for(i = 0; str_src[i]!=’\0’;i++){
str_desc[i] = str_src[i];
}
str_desc[i] = ‘\0’;
}
三、字符串拷贝函数copyString几种简写的总结
1、形式一
void copyString(char str_src ,char str_desc){
while(( *str_desc = *str_src)!=’\0’){
str_desc++;
str_src++;
}
}

2、形式二
void copyString(char str_src ,char str_desc){

while(( *str_desc++ = *str_src++)!='\0');

}
3、形式三
void copyString(char str_src ,char str_desc){
while( *str_src != ‘\0’){

    *str_desc++ = *str_src++;

}
*str_desc = '\0';

}

4、形式四
void copyString(char str_src ,char str_desc){
while( *str_desc++ = *str_src++);
}