DAY9-力扣刷题

1.最大子数组和

53. 最大子数组和 - 力扣（LeetCode）

给你一个整数数组 nums ，请你找出一个具有最大和的连续子数组（子数组最少包含一个元素），返回其最大和。

子数组

是数组中的一个连续部分。

//考虑看到负数或者sum为负数时就刨去 (错误)

方法一：动态规划

class Solution {
    public int maxSubArray(int[] nums) {
        int pre = 0, maxAns = nums[0];
        for (int x : nums) {
            pre = Math.max(pre + x, x);
            maxAns = Math.max(maxAns, pre);
        }
        return maxAns;
    }
}

方法二：分治 

class Solution {
    public class Status {
        public int lSum, rSum, mSum, iSum;

        public Status(int lSum, int rSum, int mSum, int iSum) {
            this.lSum = lSum;
            this.rSum = rSum;
            this.mSum = mSum;
            this.iSum = iSum;
        }
    }

    public int maxSubArray(int[] nums) {
        return getInfo(nums, 0, nums.length - 1).mSum;
    }

    public Status getInfo(int[] a, int l, int r) {
        if (l == r) {
            return new Status(a[l], a[l], a[l], a[l]);
        }
        int m = (l + r) >> 1;
        Status lSub = getInfo(a, l, m);
        Status rSub = getInfo(a, m + 1, r);
        return pushUp(lSub, rSub);
    }

    public Status pushUp(Status l, Status r) {
        int iSum = l.iSum + r.iSum;
        int lSum = Math.max(l.lSum, l.iSum + r.lSum);
        int rSum = Math.max(r.rSum, r.iSum + l.rSum);
        int mSum = Math.max(Math.max(l.mSum, r.mSum), l.rSum + r.lSum);
        return new Status(lSum, rSum, mSum, iSum);
    }
}

2.螺旋矩阵

54. 螺旋矩阵 - 力扣（LeetCode）

方法一：模拟

class Solution {
    public List<Integer> spiralOrder(int[][] matrix) {
        List<Integer> order = new ArrayList<Integer>();
        if (matrix == null || matrix.length == 0 || matrix[0].length == 0) {
            return order;
        }
        int rows = matrix.length, columns = matrix[0].length;
        boolean[][] visited = new boolean[rows][columns];
        int total = rows * columns;
        int row = 0, column = 0;
        int[][] directions = {{0, 1}, {1, 0}, {0, -1}, {-1, 0}};
        int directionIndex = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < total; i++) {
            order.add(matrix[row][column]);
            visited[row][column] = true;
            int nextRow = row + directions[directionIndex][0], nextColumn = column + directions[directionIndex][1];
            if (nextRow < 0 || nextRow >= rows || nextColumn < 0 || nextColumn >= columns || visited[nextRow][nextColumn]) {
                directionIndex = (directionIndex + 1) % 4;
            }
            row += directions[directionIndex][0];
            column += directions[directionIndex][1];
        }
        return order;
    }
}

3.跳跃游戏

55. 跳跃游戏 - 力扣（LeetCode）

方法一：贪心算法

public class Solution {
    public boolean canJump(int[] nums) {
        int n = nums.length;
        int rightmost = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            if (i <= rightmost) {
                rightmost = Math.max(rightmost, i + nums[i]);
                if (rightmost >= n - 1) {
                    return true;
                }
            }
        }
        return false;
    }
}

4.合并区间

56. 合并区间 - 力扣（LeetCode）

以数组 intervals 表示若干个区间的集合，其中单个区间为 intervals[i] = [starti, endi] 。请你合并所有重叠的区间，并返回 一个不重叠的区间数组，该数组需恰好覆盖输入中的所有区间 。

方法一：排序

class Solution {
    public int[][] merge(int[][] intervals) {
        if (intervals.length == 0) {
            return new int[0][2];
        }
        Arrays.sort(intervals, new Comparator<int[]>() {
            public int compare(int[] interval1, int[] interval2) {
                return interval1[0] - interval2[0];
            }
        });
        List<int[]> merged = new ArrayList<int[]>();
        for (int i = 0; i < intervals.length; ++i) {
            int L = intervals[i][0], R = intervals[i][1];
            if (merged.size() == 0 || merged.get(merged.size() - 1)[1] < L) {
                merged.add(new int[]{L, R});
            } else {
                merged.get(merged.size() - 1)[1] = Math.max(merged.get(merged.size() - 1)[1], R);
            }
        }
        return merged.toArray(new int[merged.size()][]);
    }
}

5.插入区间

57. 插入区间 - 力扣（LeetCode）

方法一：排序

class Solution {
    public int[][] insert(int[][] intervals, int[] newInterval) {
        int left = newInterval[0];
        int right = newInterval[1];
        boolean placed = false;
        List<int[]> ansList = new ArrayList<int[]>();
        for (int[] interval : intervals) {
            if (interval[0] > right) {
                // 在插入区间的右侧且无交集
                if (!placed) {
                    ansList.add(new int[]{left, right});
                    placed = true;                    
                }
                ansList.add(interval);
            } else if (interval[1] < left) {
                // 在插入区间的左侧且无交集
                ansList.add(interval);
            } else {
                // 与插入区间有交集，计算它们的并集
                left = Math.min(left, interval[0]);
                right = Math.max(right, interval[1]);
            }
        }
        if (!placed) {
            ansList.add(new int[]{left, right});
        }
        int[][] ans = new int[ansList.size()][2];
        for (int i = 0; i < ansList.size(); ++i) {
            ans[i] = ansList.get(i);
        }
        return ans;
    }
}