blue第四题【新建交换分区并挂载】

一、题目要求

增加一个 512M 的 swap，实行启动挂载。(此主机上有三块磁盘 vda vdb vdc ,其中vda和vdb上都存在分区,根据需要计算使用哪一块磁盘.)

二、解题过程

1、分区，将vdc剩余空间分为一个区

[root@blue ~]# fdisk /dev/vdc 

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.32.1).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.


Command (m for help): n
Partition type
   p   primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
   e   extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): e
Partition number (2-4, default 2): 
First sector (4196352-10485759, default 4196352): 
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (4196352-10485759, default 10485759): 

Created a new partition 2 of type 'Extended' and of size 3 GiB.

Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/vdc: 5 GiB, 5368709120 bytes, 10485760 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x9abafb02

Device     Boot   Start      End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/vdc1          2048  4196351 4194304   2G 8e Linux LVM
/dev/vdc2       4196352 10485759 6289408   3G  5 Extended

Command (m for help): 

2、新建一个逻辑分区，用来创建swap

Command (m for help): n
All space for primary partitions is in use.
Adding logical partition 5
First sector (4198400-10485759, default 4198400): 
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (4198400-10485759, default 10485759): +512M

Created a new partition 5 of type 'Linux' and of size 512 MiB.
Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/vdc: 5 GiB, 5368709120 bytes, 10485760 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x9abafb02

Device     Boot   Start      End Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/vdc1          2048  4196351 4194304    2G 8e Linux LVM
/dev/vdc2       4196352 10485759 6289408    3G  5 Extended
/dev/vdc5       4198400  5246975 1048576  512M 83 Linux

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered.
Failed to add partition 5 to system: Device or resource busy

The kernel still uses the old partitions. The new table will be used at the next reboot. 
Syncing disks.

[root@blue ~]# 

3、重启

reboot

4、为分区5选择格式

[root@blue ~]# fdisk /dev/vdc

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.32.1).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.


Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/vdc: 5 GiB, 5368709120 bytes, 10485760 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x9abafb02

Device     Boot   Start      End Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/vdc1          2048  4196351 4194304    2G 8e Linux LVM
/dev/vdc2       4196352 10485759 6289408    3G  5 Extended
/dev/vdc5       4198400  5246975 1048576  512M 83 Linux

Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1,2,5, default 5): 5
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 82

Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux swap / Solaris'.

Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/vdc: 5 GiB, 5368709120 bytes, 10485760 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x9abafb02

Device     Boot   Start      End Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/vdc1          2048  4196351 4194304    2G 8e Linux LVM
/dev/vdc2       4196352 10485759 6289408    3G  5 Extended
/dev/vdc5       4198400  5246975 1048576  512M 82 Linux swap / Solaris
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Syncing disks.

[root@blue ~]# 

5、格式化分区5

[root@blue ~]# mkswap /dev/vdc5 
Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 512 MiB (536866816 bytes)
no label, UUID=cb3c1415-8666-42e9-9c8c-4525a6bcf7bb

6、开机自动挂载

[root@blue ~]# vim /etc/fstab 
[root@blue ~]# tail -1 /etc/fstab
UUID=cb3c1415-8666-42e9-9c8c-4525a6bcf7bb	swap	swap	defaults	0 0 
[root@blue ~]# 

7、验证

[root@blue ~]# swapon -a
[root@blue ~]# swapon -s
Filename				Type		Size	Used	Priority
/dev/vdc5                              	partition	524284	0	-2
[root@blue ~]#