1.get和post的请求方式
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>vue的异步请求</title>
<script src="js/vue.js"></script>
<!--vue单独抽取的插件-->
<script src="js/axios-0.18.0.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="div">
<input type="button" value="发送get请求方式1" @click="doGet1()">
<input type="button" value="发送get请求方式2" @click="doGet2()">
<input type="button" value="发送post请求方式1" @click="doPost1()">
<input type="button" value="发送post请求方式2" @click="doPost2()">
</div>
<script>
new Vue({
el: "#div",
data: {
user: {
username: "rose",
password: 123
}
},
methods: {
// <input type="button" value="发送get请求方式1" @click="doGet1()">
doGet1() {
axios.get("ajaxServlet?username=jack&password=123456").then((resp) => {
//resp响应对象,通过resp响应对象可以获取响应结果
console.log(resp);//{data: "ok ,response successful...", status: 200, statusText: "", headers: {…}, config: {…}, …}
//通过对象的属性data获取值(响应结果)
console.log(resp.data);
}).catch((error) => {
//信息红色字体展示
console.error(error);
})
},
// <input type="button" value="发送get请求方式2" @click="doGet2()">
doGet2() {
//传参较多时使用对象封装,方便书写和阅读
axios.get("ajaxServlet", {params: this.user}).then((resp) => {
console.log(resp);
//获取响应回来的数据
console.log(resp.data);
}).catch((error) => {
//信息红色字体展示
console.error(error);
})
},
// <input type="button" value="发送post请求方式1" @click="doPost1()">
doPost1() {
axios.post("ajaxServlet", "username=jack&password=123456").then((resp) => {
console.log(resp);
//获取响应回来的数据
console.log(resp.data);
}).catch((error) => {
//信息红色字体展示
console.error(error);
})
},
// <input type="button" value="发送post请求方式2" @click="doPost2()">
doPost2() {
//传参较多时使用对象封装,方便书写和阅读,传入的参数是json格式,对应的servlet需要用对应的方法
axios.post("ajaxServlet", this.user).then((resp) => {
console.log(resp);
//获取响应回来的数据
console.log(resp.data);
}).catch((error) => {
//信息红色字体展示
console.error(error);
})
}
}
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
2.处理doGet1和doGet2以及doPost1
- 方式1[req请求对象根据传递的key获取值]
- request.getParameter(“key”)方式
//1 获取请求参数
String username = request.getParameter("username");
String password = request.getParameter("password");
//2 打印请求参数
System.out.println("username = " + username);
System.out.println("password = " + password);
//3 响应结果
response.getWriter().write("ok ,response successful...");
打印结果:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
doGet1请求:
username = jack
password = 123456
界面Response:ok ,response successful...
doGet2请求:
username = rose
password = 123
界面Response:ok ,response successful...
doPost1请求:
username = jack
password = 123456
界面Response:ok ,response successful...
- 方式2[使用BeanUtils封装多个参数]
/**- 封装请求参数到javabean中,请求参数的格式为name=value&name=value
- @param request 表单中的数据
- @param clazz 封装到哪个javabean
- @return 封装好的javabean对象
- 使用的是泛型。泛型必须先声明再使用。声明必须在返回值之前
- T指的就是泛型,它可以是任意字符,只是作为一个占位符。
- 声明时用什么字符,使用时就得用什么
*/
//1.创建封装实例化对象
User user = new User();
try {
//采用工具类封装方法
BeanUtils.populate(user,request.getParameterMap());
//打印请求参数
System.out.println("username = " + user.getUsername());
System.out.println("password = " + user.getPassword());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//3 响应结果
response.getWriter().write("ok ,response successful...");
打印结果:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
doGet1请求:
username = jack
password = 123456
界面Response:ok ,response successful...
doGet2请求:
username = rose
password = 123
界面Response:ok ,response successful...
doPost1请求:
username = jack
password = 123456
界面Response:ok ,response successful...
注:BeanUtils.populate无法封装请求中带有数组的参数
BeanUtils工具类的依赖及**[jar包下载]**
<!--beanutils-->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-beanutils</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-beanutils</artifactId>
<version>1.9.4</version>
</dependency>
3.处理doPost2
方式:使用 JSON转换工具[jackson]
//1 获取请求参数
ObjectMapper objectMapper=new ObjectMapper();
//可以封装客户端发送过来的json数据[将json封装成对象]
User user=objectMapper.readValue(request.getReader(),User.class);
//2 打印请求参数
System.out.println(user);
//3 响应json[将对象转换为json]
objectMapper.writeValue(response.getWriter(),user);
打印结果:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
doPost2请求:
User{username='rose', password='123'}
界面Response:{"username":"rose","password":"123"}
注:jackson只能解析post请求参数类型为对象
jackson相关依赖或**jar包下载:**
<!--jackson-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.9.8</version>
</dependency>
4.请求示例
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>表单绑定</title>
</head>
<body>
<div id="div">
<!--需求2:展示填写或者选中的内容-->
<div>输入的姓名是:{{user.username}}</div>
<div>输入的年龄是:{{user.age}}</div>
<div>选择的性别是:{{user.gender}}</div>
<div>选择的爱好是:{{user.hobbies}}</div>
<hr/>
<form>
<!--需求1:将表单和vue进行双向数据绑定-->
姓名:<input type="text" name="username" v-model="user.username"><br>
年龄:<input type="number" name="age" v-model="user.age"><br>
性别:<input type="radio" name="gender" v-model="user.gender" value="man">男
<input type="radio" name="gender" v-model="user.gender" value="woman">女<br>
爱好:<input type="checkbox" name="hobbies" v-model="user.hobbies" value="1">唱
<input type="checkbox" name="hobbies" v-model="user.hobbies" value="2">跳
<input type="checkbox" name="hobbies" v-model="user.hobbies" value="3">rap
<input type="checkbox" name="hobbies" v-model="user.hobbies" value="4">篮球<br>
<!--需求3:点击按钮,通过ajax把表单数据发送给服务器-->
<!--<input type="button" value="提交信息" v-on:click="sendData()">-->
<input type="button" value="提交信息" @click="sendData()">
</form>
</div>
</body>
<script src="js/vue.js"></script>
<script src="js/axios-0.18.0.js"></script>
<script>
new Vue({
el:"#div", //表示vue接管的区域,在这一片区域内才可以使用vue的语法处理数据
data:{ //定义变量等数据,这些变量的值将来会在展示到页面上
user:{
username:"张益达",
age:20,
gender:"man",
hobbies:[]
}
},
methods:{ //定义vue中的方法,将来使用vue的事件绑定需要使用这里面定义的方法。
sendData(){
/*
要访问的路径:http://localhost:8080/vue_830/userServlet
当前页面的路径:http://localhost:8080/vue_830/v_model.html
*/
//发送异步GET请求,传递参数
//axios.get("./userServlet",{params:this.user}).then(resp=>{}) //对
/*axios.get("userServlet",{params:this.user}).then(resp=>{
console.log(resp); //响应对象:包括响应结果和响应码等数据
console.log(resp.data);
})*/
axios.post("userServlet",this.user).then(resp=>{
console.log(resp); //响应对象:包括响应结果和响应码等数据
console.log(resp.data);
})
}
}
});
</script>
</html>
响应方式 不能采用BeanUtils,因为参数中有数组;顾所以采用JSON,所以请求方式采用post
Servlet代码:
@WebServlet("/userServlet")
public class UserServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
ObjectMapper objectMapper=new ObjectMapper();
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
//get请求接收请求参数
//1 接收请求参数并封装
/* User user=new User();
Map<String, String[]> parameterMap = request.getParameterMap();
try {
BeanUtils.populate(user,parameterMap); //无法封装数组
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}*/
//1 post请求接收请求参数
User user = objectMapper.readValue(request.getReader(), User.class);
//2 打印结果
System.out.println(user);
//3 响应json
objectMapper.writeValue(response.getWriter(),user);
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
打印结果:
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
User{username='张益达', age=20, gender='man', hobbies=[1, 2]}
界面Response:{"username":"张益达","age":20,"gender":"man","hobbies":["1","2"]}