C# 使用事件实现发布订阅模式

C# 使用事件实现发布订阅模式

我们假设一个简单的场景：
发布者有一个数字，这个数字可能会改变
订阅者希望每次当发布者的数字改变时，自己都要收到消息

如何实现代码呢？
1.定义发布者类

// 发布者，当数字改变时会发布一个NumberChange事件
class Publisher
{
  public delegate void NumberChangeDelegate(int newValue);
  public event NumberChangeDelegate NumberChange;
  private int myNumber;
  public int MyNumber
  {
    get { return myNumber; }
    set
    {
      if (value != MyNumber)
      {
        myNumber = value;
        NumberChange(value);
      }
    }
  }
}

2.定义订阅者类

// 订阅者，当收到发布者的NumberChange事件时执行一些操作
class Subscriber
{
  public void OnNumberChange(int newValue)
  {
    Console.WriteLine("Number is changed to " + newValue);
  }
}

3.Main函数

public static void Main(string[] args)
{
  // 创建一个发布者
  Publisher publisher = new Publisher();

  // 创建第一个订阅者并订阅发布者的NumberChange事件
  Subscriber subscriber = new Subscriber();
  publisher.NumberChange += subscriber.OnNumberChange;

  // 创建第二个订阅者并订阅发布者的NumberChange事件
  Subscriber subscriber2 = new Subscriber();
  publisher.NumberChange += subscriber2.OnNumberChange;

  publisher.MyNumber = 1;
  publisher.MyNumber = 2;
}

完整代码

using System;
namespace TestEvent
{
  // 发布者，当数字改变时会发布一个NumberChange事件
  class Publisher
  {
    public delegate void NumberChangeDelegate(int newValue);
    public event NumberChangeDelegate NumberChange;
    private int myNumber;
    public int MyNumber
    {
      get { return myNumber; }
      set
      {
        if (value != MyNumber)
        {
          myNumber = value;
          NumberChange(value);
        }
      }
    }
  }

  // 订阅者，当收到发布者的NumberChange事件时执行一些操作
  class Subscriber
  {
    public void OnNumberChange(int newValue)
    {
      Console.WriteLine("Number is changed to " + newValue);
    }
  }

  class Program
  {
    public static void Main(string[] args)
    {
      // 创建一个发布者
      Publisher publisher = new Publisher();

      // 创建第一个订阅者并订阅发布者的NumberChange事件
      Subscriber subscriber = new Subscriber();
      publisher.NumberChange += subscriber.OnNumberChange;

      // 创建第二个订阅者并订阅发布者的NumberChange事件
      Subscriber subscriber2 = new Subscriber();
      publisher.NumberChange += subscriber2.OnNumberChange;

      publisher.MyNumber = 1;
      publisher.MyNumber = 2;
    }
  }
}

运行结果：
Number is changed to 1
Number is changed to 1
Number is changed to 2
Number is changed to 2