springMVC实现文件上传与下载

1.导入Maven依赖

         <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/jstl -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-jdbc -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.12.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
       
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-fileupload/commons-fileupload -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
            <version>1.4</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.1</version>
        </dependency>

(可能有些是多余的)

2.web.xml配置文件

<servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:application.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

3.spring配置文件application.xml(省去文件头)

<!--1.注解驱动-->
    <!--json乱码问题配置处理，设置编码为utf-8-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven>
        <mvc:message-converters register-defaults="true">
            <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
                <constructor-arg value="UTF-8"/>
            </bean>
            <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
                <property name="objectMapper">
                    <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.Jackson2ObjectMapperFactoryBean">
                        <property name="failOnEmptyBeans" value="false"/>
                    </bean>
                </property>
            </bean>
        </mvc:message-converters>
    </mvc:annotation-driven>

    <!--2.静态资源过滤-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>  <!--查-->
    <!--3.扫描包：controller-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.lv.controller"/>
    <!--4.视图解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

    <!--文件上传配置-->
    <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
        <!--请求的编码格式，必须和jsp的pageEncoding属性一致，以便正确读取表单的内容，默认为ISO-8859-1-->
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"/>
        <!--上传文件大小上限，单位为字节(10485760=10M)-->
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760"/>
        <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960"/>
    </bean>

4.controller控制器

@RestController
public class FileController {

    @RequestMapping("/upload")   //上传文件方法一
    public String upload(@RequestParam("file") CommonsMultipartFile file, HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {
        //获取文件名
        String uploadFileName = file.getOriginalFilename();
        
        //如果文件名为空，直接回到首页
        if ("".equals(uploadFileName)){
            return "redirect:/index.jsp";
        }
        System.out.println("上传的文件名："+uploadFileName);
        
        //上传路径保存设置
        String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
        //如果路径不存在，创建一个
        File realPath = new File(path);
        if (!realPath.exists()){
            realPath.mkdir();
        }
        System.out.println("上传文件保存地址："+realPath);

        InputStream is = file.getInputStream(); //文件输入流
        FileOutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(new File(realPath, uploadFileName));//文件输出流

        //读取写出
        int len=0;
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        while ((len=is.read(buffer))!=-1){
            os.write(buffer,0,len);
            os.flush();
        }
        os.close();
        is.close();
        return "上传成功";

    }

    @RequestMapping("/upload2")   //上传文件方法二
    public String upload2(@RequestParam("file") CommonsMultipartFile file, HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {
        String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
        File realPath = new File(path);
        if (!realPath.exists()){
            realPath.mkdir();
        }
        System.out.println("上传文件保存地址："+realPath);

        //通过CommonsMultipartFile直接写文件
        file.transferTo(new File(realPath+"/"+file.getOriginalFilename()));
        return "上传成功";
    }


    //下载文件
    @RequestMapping("/download")
    public String download(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {

        //1.获取下载文件的路径
        String path =request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload") ;
        System.out.println("下载路径："+path);
        //2.找到下载的文件名
        String fileName = "实验三.txt";
        //3.设置响应头
        response.setHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(fileName,"utf-8"));
        File file = new File(path, fileName);
        //4.获取下载文件的输入流
        InputStream input = new FileInputStream(file);
        //5.创建缓冲区
        int len=0;
        byte[] buffer=new byte[1024];   //缓冲区大小
        //6.写出文件，输出流
        OutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
        //7.将文件写入到buffer缓冲区,使用OutputStream对象将缓冲区数据输出到客服端
        while ((len=input.read(buffer))!=-1){  //一次最多能读取1024byte，读到最后返回空
            out.write(buffer,0,len);
        }
        input.close();
        out.close();

        return "下载成功";
    }


}

5.前端jsp页面

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>$Title$</title>
  </head>
  <body>

  <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/upload" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
    <input type="file" name="file"><br>
    <input type="submit" value="upload">
  </form>
  <br>
  <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/download">点击下载文件</a>

  </body>
</html>

6.效果图