47、Flink 通过侧流输出获取迟到数据代码示例

1、概述

当指定了大于 0 的 allowed lateness 时，窗口本身以及其中的内容仍会在 watermark 越过窗口末端后保留;

如果一个迟到但未被丢弃的数据到达，它可能会再次触发这个窗口，这种触发被称作 late firing；

late firing 发出的元素应该被视作对之前计算结果的更新，即你的数据流中会包含一个相同计算任务的多个结果，应用需要考虑到这些重复的结果，或去除重复的部分。

2、代码示例

package com.xu.flink.datastream.day09;

import org.apache.flink.api.common.eventtime.SerializableTimestampAssigner;
import org.apache.flink.api.common.eventtime.WatermarkStrategy;
import org.apache.flink.api.common.functions.MapFunction;
import org.apache.flink.api.java.tuple.Tuple2;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.datastream.DataStreamSource;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.datastream.SingleOutputStreamOperator;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.environment.StreamExecutionEnvironment;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.windowing.WindowFunction;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.windowing.assigners.TumblingEventTimeWindows;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.windowing.triggers.EventTimeTrigger;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.windowing.windows.TimeWindow;
import org.apache.flink.util.Collector;
import org.apache.flink.util.OutputTag;

import java.time.Duration;

/**
 * 当指定了大于 0 的 allowed lateness 时，窗口本身以及其中的内容仍会在 watermark 越过窗口末端后保留;
 * 如果一个迟到但未被丢弃的数据到达，它可能会再次触发这个窗口，这种触发被称作 late firing。
 *
 * late firing 发出的元素应该被视作对之前计算结果的更新，即你的数据流中会包含一个相同计算任务的多个结果，应用需要考虑到这些重复的结果，或去除重复的部分。
 */
public class _15_WindowGetLatenessData {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();

        DataStreamSource<String> input = env.socketTextStream("localhost", 8888);

        // 测试时限制了分区数，生产中需要设置空闲数据源
        env.setParallelism(2);

        OutputTag<Tuple2<String, Long>> lateOutputTag = new OutputTag<Tuple2<String, Long>>("late-data"){};

        // 事件时间需要设置水位线策略和时间戳
        SingleOutputStreamOperator<Tuple2<String, Long>> map = input.map(new MapFunction<String, Tuple2<String, Long>>() {
            @Override
            public Tuple2<String, Long> map(String input) throws Exception {
                String[] fields = input.split(",");
                return new Tuple2<>(fields[0], Long.parseLong(fields[1]));
            }
        });

        SingleOutputStreamOperator<Tuple2<String, Long>> watermarks = map.assignTimestampsAndWatermarks(WatermarkStrategy.<Tuple2<String, Long>>forBoundedOutOfOrderness(Duration.ofSeconds(0))
                .withTimestampAssigner(new SerializableTimestampAssigner<Tuple2<String, Long>>() {
                    @Override
                    public long extractTimestamp(Tuple2<String, Long> input, long l) {
                        return input.f1;
                    }
                }));
        SingleOutputStreamOperator<String> resStream = watermarks.keyBy(e -> e.f0)
                .window(TumblingEventTimeWindows.of(Duration.ofSeconds(5)))
                .trigger(EventTimeTrigger.create())
                .allowedLateness(Duration.ofSeconds(3))
                .sideOutputLateData(lateOutputTag)
                .apply(new WindowFunction<Tuple2<String, Long>, String, String, TimeWindow>() {
                    @Override
                    public void apply(String s, TimeWindow timeWindow, Iterable<Tuple2<String, Long>> iterable, Collector<String> collector) throws Exception {
                        System.out.println(timeWindow.getStart() + "-" + timeWindow.getEnd());

                        for (Tuple2<String, Long> tuple : iterable) {
                            collector.collect(tuple.f0);
                        }
                    }
                });

        resStream.print("window=>");
        resStream.getSideOutput(lateOutputTag).print("late=>");

        env.execute();
    }
}

3、数据测试

完全迟到的数据会通过侧流输出
          a,1718157600000
          b,1718157600000
          c,1718157600000
         
          a,1718157602000
          b,1718157602000
          c,1718157602000
         
          a,1718157605001
          b,1718157605001
         
          1718157600000-1718157605000
          window=>:2> a
          window=>:2> a
          1718157600000-1718157605000
          window=>:1> b
          window=>:1> b
          1718157600000-1718157605000
          window=>:1> c
          window=>:1> c
         
          c,1718157605001
         
          a,1718157604000
          b,1718157604000
          c,1718157604000
         
          1718157600000-1718157605000
          window=>:2> a
          window=>:2> a
          window=>:2> a
          1718157600000-1718157605000
          window=>:1> b
          window=>:1> b
          window=>:1> b
          1718157600000-1718157605000
          window=>:1> c
          window=>:1> c
          window=>:1> c
         
          a,1718157608001
          b,1718157608001
          c,1718157608001
         
          a,1718157604001
          b,1718157604001
          c,1718157604001
         
          late=>:2> (a,1718157604001)
          late=>:1> (b,1718157604001)
          late=>:1> (c,1718157604001)