在vscode配置c\c++的运行环境

Configure Visual Studio Code for Microsoft C++

Get Started with C++ and Mingw-w64 in Visual Studio Code

C++ programming with Visual Studio Code

第一个Get Started with C++ and Mingw-w64 in Visual Studio Code内就是介绍了，先安装扩展，接着就可以安装mingw

1、扩展

C/C++ extension for VS Code

2、MSYS2

MSYS2安装好MSYS2以后，就可以使用命令行安装mingw

3、安装mingw-w

安装：pacman -S --needed base-devel mingw-w64-x86_64-toolchain

选择这直接默认就好，也就是直接按Enter回车

10696@DESKTOP-9L473HP UCRT64 ~
$ pacman -S --needed base-devel mingw-w64-x86_64-toolchain
:: There are 19 members in group mingw-w64-x86_64-toolchain:
:: Repository mingw64
   1) mingw-w64-x86_64-binutils  2) mingw-w64-x86_64-crt-git  3) mingw-w64-x86_64-gcc
   4) mingw-w64-x86_64-gcc-ada  5) mingw-w64-x86_64-gcc-fortran
   6) mingw-w64-x86_64-gcc-libgfortran  7) mingw-w64-x86_64-gcc-libs  8) mingw-w64-x86_64-gcc-objc
   9) mingw-w64-x86_64-gdb  10) mingw-w64-x86_64-gdb-multiarch  11) mingw-w64-x86_64-headers-git
   12) mingw-w64-x86_64-libgccjit  13) mingw-w64-x86_64-libmangle-git
   14) mingw-w64-x86_64-libwinpthread-git  15) mingw-w64-x86_64-make  16) mingw-w64-x86_64-pkgconf
   17) mingw-w64-x86_64-tools-git  18) mingw-w64-x86_64-winpthreads-git
   19) mingw-w64-x86_64-winstorecompat-git

Enter a selection (default=all):
resolving dependencies...
looking for conflicting packages...

4、配置环境变量

win10的配置页面即可配置

​配置系统环境变量，双击PATH即可的，最下面两行

5、验证

Windows+R输入cmd运行，然后gcc --version和g++ --version就可以验证的

6、写codes

​7、产生相应的配置档案

共三个的呢，.vscode/tasks.json、.vscode/launch.json、.vscode/settings.json

.vscode/tasks.json，编译运行使用的，两个路径的呢cwd和command

{
	"tasks": [
	  {
		"type": "cppbuild",
		"label": "C/C++: g++.exe build active file",
		"command": "C:\\ruanjian\\msys64\\mingw64\\bin\\g++.exe", //g++软件的地址
		"args": [ //g++的参数
		  "-fdiagnostics-color=always",
		  "-g", //g++指定debug
		  "${file}", //编译的cpp地址
		  "-o", //重命名可执行文件a.out
		  "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe" //输出的名字
		],
		"options": {
		  "cwd": "${fileDirname}" //到达当前文件的目录
		},
		"problemMatcher": ["$gcc"],
		"group": {
		  "kind": "build",
		  "isDefault": true
		},
		"detail": "Task generated by Debugger."
	  }
	],
	"version": "2.0.0"
  }

${fileDirname}是当前打开的cpp文件所在的目录

${fileBasenameNoExtension}是当前打开的cpp文件去掉后缀以后名字，像6.cpp，就是6

.vscode/launch.json，两个路径的呢cwd和miDebuggerPath

下面的"name": "C/C++ Runner: myself Debug Session", //我自己配置的debug配置，才是我自己配置的，另外一个"name": "C/C++ Runner: Debug Session",是自动产生的。

{
  "version": "0.2.0",
  "configurations": [
    {
      "name": "C/C++ Runner: myself Debug Session", //我自己配置的debug配置
      "type": "cppdbg",
      "request": "launch",
      "args": [],
      "stopAtEntry": false,
      "externalConsole": true,
      "cwd": "${fileDirname}", //到达当前文件的目录
      "program": "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe", //debug的可执行文件
      "MIMode": "gdb",
      "miDebuggerPath": "gdb", //由于gdb.exe的地址已经加入到了环境变量，所以不需要指定地址，当然，没有加入就需要指定
      "setupCommands": [
        {
          "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
          "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
          "ignoreFailures": true
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "name": "C/C++ Runner: Debug Session",
      "type": "cppdbg",
      "request": "launch",
      "args": [],
      "stopAtEntry": false,
      "externalConsole": true,
      "cwd": "c:/Users/10696/Desktop/PAT_Leetcode/PAT/binarytree",
      "program": "c:/Users/10696/Desktop/PAT_Leetcode/PAT/binarytree/build/Debug/outDebug",
      "MIMode": "gdb",
      "miDebuggerPath": "gdb",
      "setupCommands": [
        {
          "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
          "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
          "ignoreFailures": true
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}

.vscode/settings.json

{
  "files.associations": {
    "*.py": "python",
    "iostream": "cpp",
    "deque": "cpp",
    "string": "cpp",
    "vector": "cpp",
    "random": "cpp",
    "ratio": "cpp",
    "ostream": "cpp",
    "*.tcc": "cpp",
    "string_view": "cpp",
    "regex": "cpp",
    "algorithm": "cpp",
    "initializer_list": "cpp",
    "list": "cpp",
    "xhash": "cpp",
    "xstring": "cpp",
    "xtree": "cpp",
    "xutility": "cpp",
    "map": "cpp",
    "unordered_map": "cpp",
    "cmath": "cpp",
    "queue": "cpp",
    "stack": "cpp",
    "type_traits": "cpp",
    "xlocale": "cpp",
    "atomic": "cpp",
    "bit": "cpp",
    "cctype": "cpp",
    "cfenv": "cpp",
    "clocale": "cpp",
    "compare": "cpp",
    "concepts": "cpp",
    "cstddef": "cpp",
    "cstdint": "cpp",
    "cstdio": "cpp",
    "cstdlib": "cpp",
    "cstring": "cpp",
    "ctime": "cpp",
    "cwchar": "cpp",
    "exception": "cpp",
    "ios": "cpp",
    "iosfwd": "cpp",
    "istream": "cpp",
    "iterator": "cpp",
    "limits": "cpp",
    "memory": "cpp",
    "new": "cpp",
    "set": "cpp",
    "stdexcept": "cpp",
    "streambuf": "cpp",
    "system_error": "cpp",
    "tuple": "cpp",
    "typeinfo": "cpp",
    "unordered_set": "cpp",
    "utility": "cpp",
    "xfacet": "cpp",
    "xiosbase": "cpp",
    "xlocinfo": "cpp",
    "xlocnum": "cpp",
    "xmemory": "cpp",
    "xstddef": "cpp",
    "xtr1common": "cpp",
    "array": "cpp",
    "bitset": "cpp",
    "charconv": "cpp",
    "chrono": "cpp",
    "cinttypes": "cpp",
    "codecvt": "cpp",
    "complex": "cpp",
    "condition_variable": "cpp",
    "csetjmp": "cpp",
    "csignal": "cpp",
    "cstdarg": "cpp",
    "cuchar": "cpp",
    "cwctype": "cpp",
    "forward_list": "cpp",
    "functional": "cpp",
    "memory_resource": "cpp",
    "numeric": "cpp",
    "optional": "cpp",
    "fstream": "cpp",
    "future": "cpp",
    "iomanip": "cpp",
    "mutex": "cpp",
    "scoped_allocator": "cpp",
    "shared_mutex": "cpp",
    "sstream": "cpp",
    "thread": "cpp",
    "typeindex": "cpp",
    "valarray": "cpp",
    "ranges": "cpp",
    "span": "cpp"
  },
  "C_Cpp_Runner.msvcBatchPath": "",
  "C_Cpp_Runner.cCompilerPath": "gcc",
  "C_Cpp_Runner.cppCompilerPath": "g++",
  "C_Cpp_Runner.debuggerPath": "gdb",
  "C_Cpp_Runner.cStandard": "",
  "C_Cpp_Runner.cppStandard": "",
  "C_Cpp_Runner.useMsvc": false,
  "C_Cpp_Runner.warnings": [
    "-Wall",
    "-Wextra",
    "-Wpedantic",
    "-Wshadow",
    "-Wformat=2",
    "-Wcast-align",
    "-Wconversion",
    "-Wsign-conversion",
    "-Wnull-dereference"
  ],
  "C_Cpp_Runner.msvcWarnings": [
    "/W4",
    "/permissive-",
    "/w14242",
    "/w14287",
    "/w14296",
    "/w14311",
    "/w14826",
    "/w44062",
    "/w44242",
    "/w14905",
    "/w14906",
    "/w14263",
    "/w44265",
    "/w14928"
  ],
  "C_Cpp_Runner.enableWarnings": true,
  "C_Cpp_Runner.warningsAsError": false,
  "C_Cpp_Runner.compilerArgs": [],
  "C_Cpp_Runner.linkerArgs": [],
  "C_Cpp_Runner.includePaths": [],
  "C_Cpp_Runner.includeSearch": [
    "*",
    "**/*"
  ],
  "C_Cpp_Runner.excludeSearch": [
    "**/build",
    "**/build/**",
    "**/.*",
    "**/.*/**",
    "**/.vscode",
    "**/.vscode/**"
  ],
  "C_Cpp_Runner.useAddressSanitizer": false,
  "C_Cpp_Runner.useUndefinedSanitizer": false,
  "C_Cpp_Runner.useLeakSanitizer": false,
  "C_Cpp_Runner.showCompilationTime": false,
  "C_Cpp_Runner.useLinkTimeOptimization": false,
  "C_Cpp_Runner.msvcSecureNoWarnings": false
}

8、编译

编译的时候要选择相应的配置档案编译和debug，也就是.vscode/tasks.json配置中的内容

9、编译和debug的路径

编译：vscode上方：Terminal/Run Build Task

编译+运行：vscode上方：Run/Run without debugging

编译+debug：vscode上方：Run/Start debugging

10、debug的选项

再编译以后，产生了exe文件，此时指定debug时的配置，也就是选择C/C++ Runner: myself...，也就是之前的配置.vscode/launch.json文件中，"name": "C/C++ Runner: myself Debug Session", //我自己配置的debug配置，name匹配的配置，否则debug会出错。

也就是：编译+运行：vscode上方：Run/Run without debugging之前，以及：编译+debug：vscode上方：Run/Start debugging之前，都需要事先选择相应的配置文件