R语言学习笔记（一）

本文章仅为菜鸟学生的学习笔记，一些碎碎念

factor 因子，个人感觉可以用来归类，统计各元素出现次数。

这是R documentation里给的解释：

文章地址：Home - RDocumentation

Description:

The function factor is used to encode a vector as a factor (the terms ‘category’ and ‘enumerated type’ are also used for factors). If argument ordered is TRUE, the factor levels are assumed to be ordered. For compatibility with S there is also a function ordered.

函数因子用于将向量编码为因子(术语“类别”和“枚举类型”也用于因子)。如果参数ordered为TRUE，则假设因子级别是有序的。为了与S兼容，还有一个函数顺序。

Usage:

factor(x = character(), levels, labels = levels,
       exclude = NA, ordered = is.ordered(x), nmax = NA)

#举个例子
> data_example <- c(3,1,4,1,5,9,2,6,5,3,5,8) 
> data_f <- factor(data_example)
> data_f
 [1] 3 1 4 1 5 9 2 6 5 3 5 8
Levels: 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9

> table(data_f)
data_f
1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 
2 1 2 1 3 1 1 1 



levels:
#定义levels，按规定顺序排列

> data_f <- factor(data_example, levels=c(3,4,8,1))
> data_f
 [1] 3    1    4    1    <NA> <NA> <NA> <NA> <NA> 3    <NA> 8   
Levels: 3 4 8 1

> table(data_f)
data_f
3 4 8 1 
2 1 1 2 


labels:
#为各个level命名，若未划分levels，则按照默认顺序命名

> data_f <- factor(data_example, levels=c(3,4,8,1), labels=c("A","B","C","D"))
> data_f
 [1] A    D    B    D    <NA> <NA> <NA> <NA> <NA> A    <NA> C   
Levels: A B C D

> table(data_f)
data_f
A B C D 
2 1 1 2