python format用法

一、填充字符串

1. 位置

print(“hello {0}, this is {1}.”.format(“world”, “python”)) # 根据位置下标进行填充
print(“hello {}, this is {}.”.format(“world”, “python”)) # 根据顺序自动填充
print(“hello {0}, this is {1}. {1} is a new language.”.format(“world”, “python”)) # 同一参数可以填充多次
输出：

hello world, this is python.
hello world, this is python.
hello world, this is python. python is a new language.
2. key

obj = “world”
name = “python”
print(“hello {obj}, this is {name}.”.format(obj = obj, name = name))
输出：

hello world, this is python.
3. 列表

list = [“world”, “python”]
print(“hello {names[0]}, this is {names[1]}.”.format(names = list))
输出：

hello world, this is python.
4. 字典

dict = {“obj”:“world”, “name”:“python”}
print(“hello {names[obj]}, this is {names[name]}.”.format(names = dict))
输出：

hello world, this is python.
注意：

访问字典的 key，不用引号。

5. 类属性

class Names():
obj = “world”
name = “python”

print(“hello {names.obj}, this is {names.name}.”.format(names = Names))
输出：

hello world, this is python.
6. 魔法参数

args = [",", “inx”]
kwargs = {“obj”: “world”, “name”: “python”}
print(“hello {obj}{} this is {name}.”.format(*args, **kwargs))
输出：

hello world, this is python.
注意：

这里的 format(*args, **kwargs) 等价于 format(",", “inx”, obj = “world”, name = “python”)。

二、数字格式化