Roman numerals are represented by seven different symbols: I
, V
, X
, L
, C
, D
and M
.
Symbol Value I 1 V 5 X 10 L 50 C 100 D 500 M 1000
For example, 2
is written as II
in Roman numeral, just two one's added together. 12
is written as XII
, which is simply X + II
. The number 27
is written as XXVII
, which is XX + V + II
.
Roman numerals are usually written largest to smallest from left to right. However, the numeral for four is not IIII
. Instead, the number four is written as IV
. Because the one is before the five we subtract it making four. The same principle applies to the number nine, which is written as IX
. There are six instances where subtraction is used:
I
can be placed beforeV
(5) andX
(10) to make 4 and 9.X
can be placed beforeL
(50) andC
(100) to make 40 and 90.C
can be placed beforeD
(500) andM
(1000) to make 400 and 900.
Given a roman numeral, convert it to an integer.
```
import java.util.HashMap;
class Solution {
static HashMap<String,Integer> map = new HashMap<String,Integer>();
static{
map.put("I", 1);
map.put("V", 5);
map.put("X", 10);
map.put("L", 50);
map.put("C", 100);
map.put("D", 500);
map.put("M", 1000);
}
public int romanToInt(String s) {
String lastSymbol = s.substring(s.length()-1);
int lastValue = map.get(lastSymbol);
int total = lastValue;;
for(int i = s.length()-2; i>=0; i--)
{
String currentSymbol = s.substring(i, i+1);
int currentValue = map.get(currentSymbol);
if(currentValue < lastValue)
{
total = total - currentValue;
}else{
total += currentValue;
}
lastValue = currentValue;
}
return total;
}
}
```