springAMQP模型介绍

springAMQP消息模型

WorkQueue模型

一个生产者，多个消费者

存在生产预取机制

举例：生产者生产50条消息，消费者A和消费者B各自拿到25条；

那么假如A处理效率高，B处理效率低，那么整体效率会收到处理慢的影响；

解决

prefetch参数值设置为1，每次预期只能拿到一个；

那么处理效率高的拿到的消息多，能者多劳；

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    host: # 主机名
    port: 5672 # 端口
    virtual-host: / # 虚拟主机
    username:  # 用户名
    password:  # 密码
    listener:
      simple:
        prefetch: 1 #每次只能获取一条，能力强的多消费

发布订阅模型

FanoutExchange

发布订阅模型包含交换机、队列

交换机需要绑定队列

我们在java中声明交换机、队列及绑定；

消费者

@Configuration
public class FanoutConfig {
    //itcast.fanout
    @Bean
    public FanoutExchange fanoutExchange(){
        return new FanoutExchange("itcast.fanout");
    }
    //fanout.queue1
    @Bean
    public Queue fanoutQueue1(){
        return new Queue("fanout.queue1");
    }
    //绑定queue1到fanout
    @Bean
    public Binding fanoutBindQueue1(Queue fanoutQueue1,FanoutExchange fanoutExchange){
        return BindingBuilder
                .bind(fanoutQueue1)
                .to(fanoutExchange);
    }
    //fanout.queue2
    @Bean
    public Queue fanoutQueue2(){
        return new Queue("fanout.queue2");
    }
    //绑定queue2到fanout
    @Bean
    public Binding fanoutBindQueue2(Queue fanoutQueue2,FanoutExchange fanoutExchange){
        return BindingBuilder
                .bind(fanoutQueue2)
                .to(fanoutExchange);
    }

生产者

生产者指定交换机和消息；

//fanout
@Test
public void testFanoutExchange()throws InterruptedException{
    String exchangeName = "itcast.fanout";//交换机name
    String msg = "hello,every~queue";
    rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(exchangeName,"",msg);
}

DirectExchage

相较于FanoutExchange，这里添加了Routingkey，我们将消息路由到指定的routingKey的消息

消费者

我们的RabbitListener中的key如果包含routingKey，那么就能收到消息

//DirectExchange
@RabbitListener(bindings=@QueueBinding(
        value = @Queue(name = "direct.queue1"),
        exchange = @Exchange(name = "itcast.direct",type = ExchangeTypes.DIRECT),
        key = {"red","blue"}
))
public void listenerDirectorQueue1(String msg){
    System.out.println("消费者接收到direct.queue的消息【"+msg+"】");
}
@RabbitListener(bindings=@QueueBinding(
        value = @Queue(name = "direct.queue2"),
        exchange = @Exchange(name = "itcast.direct",type = ExchangeTypes.DIRECT),
        key = {"red","yellow"}
))
public void listenerDirectorQueue2(String msg){
    System.out.println("消费者接收direct.queue的消息【"+msg+"】");
}

生产者

生产者发送消息时指定routingKey、交换机、消息；

@Test
public void testDirect()throws InterruptedException{
    String exchangeName = "itcast.direct";//交换机name
    String routingKey="red";
    String msg = "hello,every~queue";
    rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(exchangeName,routingKey,msg);
}

TopicExchange

TopicExchage相较于DirectExchage的区别在于指定key时更加灵活，可以使用通配符；

比如news.#可以是news.china也可以是news.japan

​ #.weather可以是china.weather或者japan.weather

消费者

//TopicExchange
@RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
            value = @Queue(name="topic.queue1"),
            exchange = @Exchange(name = "itcast.topic",type = ExchangeTypes.TOPIC),
            key = "#.weather"
    ))
    public void listenTopicQueue1(String msg){
        System.out.println("今天天气不错"+msg);
    }
    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
            value = @Queue(name="topic.queue2"),
            exchange = @Exchange(name = "itcast.topic",type = ExchangeTypes.TOPIC),
            key = "news.#"
    ))
    public void listenTopicQueue2(String msg){
        System.out.println("今天新闻不错"+msg);
    }

生产者

//topic
@Test
public void testTopic()throws InterruptedException{
    String exchangeName = "itcast.topic";//交换机name
    String routingKey="my.weather";
    String msg = "hello,every~queue";
    rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(exchangeName,routingKey,msg);
}