深入理解Java多线程—线程安全问题

目录

一、synchronized同步代码块

二、synchronized同步方法

三、reentrantLock可重入锁

---

一、synchronized同步代码块

/**
 * 
 */
package com.threadsafe;

/**
 * 线程安全(不推荐)：synchronized同步代码块
 * @author yyx
 * 2021年3月3日
 */
public class ThreadSafe {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Window w = new Window();
		Thread t1 = new Thread(w);
		Thread t2 = new Thread(w);
		Thread t3 = new Thread(w);

		t1.setName("窗口1");
		t2.setName("窗口2");
		t3.setName("窗口3");

		t1.start();
		t2.start();
		t3.start();
	}
}

class Window implements Runnable {
	int ticket = 20;// 共享数据

	public void run() {
		while (true) {
			// this表示当前对象，本题中即为w
			synchronized (this) {
				if (ticket > 0) {
					try {
						Thread.sleep(200);
					} catch (InterruptedException e) {
						e.printStackTrace();
					}
					System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "售票，票号为：" + ticket--);
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

二、synchronized同步方法

/**
 * 
 */
package com.threadsafe;

/**
 * 线程安全(不推荐)：synchronized同步方法
 * @author yyx
 * 2021年3月3日
 */
public class ThreadSafe {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Window w = new Window();
		Thread t1 = new Thread(w);
		Thread t2 = new Thread(w);
		Thread t3 = new Thread(w);

		t1.setName("窗口1");
		t2.setName("窗口2");
		t3.setName("窗口3");

		t1.start();
		t2.start();
		t3.start();
	}
}

class Window implements Runnable {
	int ticket = 20;// 共享数据

	public void run() {
		while (true) {
			show();
		}
	}

	public synchronized void show() {
		if (ticket > 0) {
			try {
				Thread.sleep(200);
			} catch (InterruptedException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "售票，票号为：" + ticket--);
		}

	}
}

三、reentrantLock可重入锁

/**
 * 
 */
package com.threadsafe;

import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

/**
 * 线程安全(推荐)：ReentrantLock可重入锁
 * @author yyx
 * 2021年3月3日
 */
public class ThreadSafe {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Window w = new Window();
		Thread t1 = new Thread(w);
		Thread t2 = new Thread(w);
		Thread t3 = new Thread(w);

		t1.setName("窗口1");
		t2.setName("窗口2");
		t3.setName("窗口3");

		t1.start();
		t2.start();
		t3.start();
	}
}

class Window implements Runnable {
	int ticket = 20;// 共享数据
	Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();

	public void run() {
		while (true) {
			lock.lock(); // 获取锁
			try {
				if (ticket > 0) {
					try {
						Thread.sleep(200);
					} catch (InterruptedException e) {
						e.printStackTrace();
					}
					System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "售票，票号为：" + ticket--);
				}
			} finally {
				lock.unlock(); // 释放锁
			}
		}
	}
}