Eureka服务消费者，熔断器

OpenFeign客户端（最常用）

特点：声明式的http访问工具，只需要定义接口（接口无需实现），在接口上添加描述服务的注解即可。这个工具默认已经具备Ribbon功能

pom依赖：

声明式接口：

/**
 *   name指定远程访问的服务名
 */
@FeignClient(name = "service-provider")
public interface UserClientService {
    
    @GetMapping("/loadUserNames")
    public List<String> findAllUsers();
}

使用：

@RestController
public class UserController {
    @Autowired
    private UserClientService userClientService;

    @GetMapping("/findAllUserNames")
    public List<String> findAllUserNames() {
        return userClientService.findAllUsers();
    }
}

启动类：

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class FeignApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(FeignApplication.class,args);
    }
}

熔断器（熔断效应）

pom依赖：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
</dependency>

（1） RestTemplate + Ribbon

@GetMapping("/findAllUsers")
@HystrixCommand(fallbackMethod = "findAllUsersFallback")
public List<String> findAllUsers() {
    List list = restTemplate.getForObject("http://service-provider/loadUserNames",List.class);
    return list;
}

public List<String> findAllUsersFallback(){
    //准备核心业务访问
    List<String> errors = new ArrayList<>();
    errors.add("服务故障！");
    return errors;
}

启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableHystrix
public class ConsumerApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class,args);
    }

    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

（2） OpenFeign

实现

/**
 *   name指定远程访问的服务名
 */
@FeignClient(name = "service-provider",fallback = UserClientServiceFallback.class)
public interface UserClientService {

    @GetMapping("/loadUserNames")
    public List<String> findAllUsers();


}

@Component  //由spring容器声明实例并托管
class UserClientServiceFallback implements UserClientService{

    @Override
    public List<String> findAllUsers() {
        List<String> errors = new ArrayList<>();
        errors.add("服务故障！");
        return errors;
    }
}