python实现学生信息管理系统

本文章是跟随学习视频一起写的，这里只是我的源码，与视频略微有不同，具体细节请点击链接：我！是！链！接！！！
源码如下：

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*- #
import os

filename = 'student.txt'
def main():
    while True:
        menum()
        choice=int(input("请选择"))
        if choice in [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7]:
            if choice==0:
                answer=input('您确定要退出系统吗？y/n')
                if answer=='y' or answer=='Y':
                    print('谢谢您的使用！！！')
                    break
                else:
                    continue
            elif choice==1:
                insert()
            elif choice==2:
                search()
            elif choice==3:
                delete()
            elif choice==4:
                modify()
            elif choice==5:
                sort()
            elif choice==6:
                total()
            elif choice==7:
                show()

def menum():
    print('=====================学生信息管理系统=====================')
    print('---------------------功能菜单----------------------------')
    print('\t\t\t\t1.录入学生信息')
    print('\t\t\t\t2.查找学生信息')
    print('\t\t\t\t3.删除学生信息')
    print('\t\t\t\t4.修改学生信息')
    print('\t\t\t\t5.排序')
    print('\t\t\t\t6.统计学生总人数')
    print('\t\t\t\t7.显示所有学生信息')
    print('\t\t\t\t0.退出')
    print('--------------------------------------------------------')

def insert():
    student_list=[]
    while True:
        id=input('请输入ID：')
        if not id:
            break
        name=input('请输入姓名：')
        if not name:
            break

        try:
            englist=float(input("请输入英语成绩"))
            python=float(input('请输入Python成绩'))
            java=float(input("请输入Java成绩"))
        except:
            print('输入无效，不是有效类型，请重新输入')
            continue
        student={'id':id,'name':name,'english':englist,'python':python,'java':java}
        student_list.append(student)
        answer=input("是否继续添加？y/n\n")
        if answer=='y' or answer=="Y":
            continue
        else:
            break

    save(student_list)
    print("学生信息录入完毕！！！")

def save(lst):
    try:
        stu_txt=open(filename,"a",encoding="utf-8")
    except:
        stu_txt=open(filename,"w",encoding="utf-8")
    for item in lst:
        stu_txt.write(str(item)+'\n')
    stu_txt.close()

def search():
    student_query =[]
    while True:
        id=''
        name=''
        if os.path.exists(filename):
            mode = input('按ID查找请输入1，按姓名查找请输入2：')
            if mode=='1':
                id = input('请输入学生ID')
            elif mode == '2':
                name = input('请输入学生姓名')
            else:
                print('你的输入有误，请重新输入！！！')
                search()
            with open(filename, 'r',encoding='utf-8') as rfile:
                student = rfile.readlines()
                for item in student:
                    d=eval(item)
                    if id !='':
                        if d['id']==id:
                            student_query.append(d)
                    elif name !='':
                        if d['name']==name:
                            student_query.append(d)
            show_student(student_query)
            student_query.clear()
            answer =input("是否继续查询？y/n\n")
            if answer=='y' or answer== 'Y':
                continue
            else:
                break
        else:
            print("暂且未保存学生信息")
            return

def show_student(lst):
    if len(lst)==0:
        print("没有查询到学生信息！！！")
        return
    format_title='{:^6}\t{:^12}\t{:^8}\t{:^10}\t{:^10}\t{:^8}\t'
    print(format_title.format('ID','姓名','英语成绩','Python成绩','Java成绩','总成绩'))
    format_date='{:^6}\t{:^12}\t{:^8}\t{:^8}\t\t{:^8}\t\t{:^8}\t'
    for item in lst:
        print(format_date.format(item.get('id'),
                                 item.get('name'),
                                 item.get('english'),
                                 item.get('python'),
                                 item.get('java'),
                                 int(item.get('english')+item.get('python')+item.get('java'))))

def delete():
    while True:
        student_id=input("请输入要删除的学生的ID:")
        if student_id!='':
            if os.path.exists(filename):#判断路径中有没命名为filename的文件'
                with open(filename, 'r',encoding='utf-8') as file:
                    student_old = file.readlines() #读取到的信息
            else:
                student_old=[] # 没有则设置为空
            flag=False #标志位
            if student_old: #成功读取到有效信息
                with open(filename, 'w',encoding='utf-8') as wfile: # 覆盖之前的信息达到删除的效果
                    d={} #设置一个空的字典
                    for item in student_old:
                        d=eval(item)  #eval函数能将字符串str或者列表转换成字典，这里是str转成字典
                        if d['id']!=student_id:
                            wfile.write(str(d)+'\n')
                        else:
                            flag=True
                    if flag:
                        print(f'id为{student_id}的学生信息已被删除')
                    else:
                        print(f'没有找到id为{student_id}的学生信息')
            else:
                print('无学生信息')
                break
            show()
            answer=input("是否继续删除？y/n\n")
            if answer=='y' or answer== 'Y':
                continue
            else:
                break

def modify():
    show()
    if os.path.exists(filename):
        with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as rfile:
            student_old=rfile.readlines()
    else:
        return
    student_id=input("请输入要修改的学员的id：")
    with open(filename,'w',encoding='utf-8') as wfile:
        flag=False
        for item in student_old:
            d=eval(item)
            if d['id']==student_id:
                print('找到学生信息，可以修改他的相关信息了！')
                flag=True
                while True:
                    try:
                        d['name']=input("请输入姓名：")
                        d['english']=input("请输入英语成绩：")
                        d['python']=input("请输入python成绩：")
                        d['java']=input("请输入java成绩：")
                        break
                    except:
                        print('输入有误，重新输入！！！')
                wfile.write(str(d)+'\n')
                print('修改成功！！！')
            else:
                wfile.write(str(d)+'\n')
    if not flag:
        print("未找到该学生信息")
    answer=input("是否继续修改其他学生的信息？y/n\n")
    if answer=='y' or answer== 'Y':
        modify()
    else:
        return

def sort():
    show()
    if os.path.exists(filename):
        with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as rfile:
            student_list = rfile.readlines()
        student_new=[]
        for item in student_list:
            d=eval(item)
            student_new.append(d)
    else:
        return
    asc_or_desc = input('请选择（0.升序 1.降序）：')
    if asc_or_desc == '0':
        asc_or_desc_bool = False
    elif asc_or_desc == '1':
        asc_or_desc_bool = True
    else:
        print('你的输入有误，请重新输入！！！')
        sort()
    mode = input('请选择排序的方式（1.按英语成绩排序 2.按Python成绩排序 3.按Java成绩排序 4.按总成绩排序）')
    if mode == '1':
        student_new.sort(key=lambda x:int(x['english']),reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
    elif mode == '2':
        student_new.sort(key=lambda x:int(x['python']),reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
    elif mode == '3':
        student_new.sort(key=lambda x:int(x['java']),reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
    elif mode == '4':
        student_new.sort(key=lambda x:int(x['english'])+int(x['python'])+int(x['java']), reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
    else:
        print('你的输入有误，请重新输入！！！')
        sort()
    show_student(student_new)

def total():
    if os.path.exists(filename):
        with open(filename, 'r',encoding='utf-8') as rfile:
            students = rfile.readlines()
            if students:
                print(f'一共有{len(students)}名学生。')
            else:
                print('还没有录入学生信息！！！')
    else:
        print('暂未保存学生信息!!!')

def show():
    student_list =[]
    if os.path.exists(filename):
        with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as rfile:
            students=rfile.readlines()
        for item in students:
            student_list.append(eval(item))
        if student_list:
            show_student(student_list)
    else:
        print('暂未保存学生信息！！！')

#主函数入口
if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()