【Android】关于MediaProject截图的正确姿势（最新）

在使用 MediaProject 的过程种，遇到了N种错误，自己一直也没有解决

下面来分享一个我找到的资料，我对作者的代码进行了小部分的修改来完成我的功能。在这里非常感谢作者，
我在各种平台都搜集了很久，没有找到一个可用的 MeidaPorject 截屏代码，而网上的教程各式各样，但是实操都会遇到各种各样的问题。由于作者好像在除了 github 平台发布了代码之外，在其他平台并没有找到。
特此，使用了作者代码截屏的部分，并修改了部分代码，作者的github仓库

sdk 28

MainActivity

public class MainActivity extends BaseActivity implements View.OnClickListener {

    private static final int REQUEST_CODE = 100;
    private static MediaProjection sMediaProjection;
    Button mBtnCapture;
    private MediaProjectionManager mProjectionManager;
    private ScreenCapturer mSC;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        mBtnCapture = findViewById(R.id.btn_capture);
        mBtnCapture.setOnClickListener(this);
        mProjectionManager = (MediaProjectionManager) getSystemService(
                Context.MEDIA_PROJECTION_SERVICE);

    }

    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
    }

    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        switch (v.getId()) {
            case R.id.btn_capture:
                startActivityForResult(mProjectionManager.createScreenCaptureIntent(),
                        REQUEST_CODE);
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
        Log.d("WOW", "on result : requestCode = " + requestCode + " resultCode = " + resultCode);
        if (RESULT_OK == resultCode && REQUEST_CODE == requestCode) {
            sMediaProjection = mProjectionManager.getMediaProjection(resultCode, data);
            if (sMediaProjection != null) {
                Log.d("WOW", "Start capturing...");
                new ScreenCapturer(this, sMediaProjection, "").startProjection();
            }
        }
    }

}

BaseActivity

public class BaseActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private static final int REQUEST_CODE = 9527;

    private static String[] PERMISSIONS = {
            Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
            Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
            Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO,
            Manifest.permission.CAMERA
    };

    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        checkPermissions();
    }

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[]
            grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        if (REQUEST_CODE == requestCode) {
            boolean isAllGranted = false;
            for (int result : grantResults) {
                if (result != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    isAllGranted = false;
                    break;
                }
                isAllGranted = true;
            }
            if (!isAllGranted) {
                AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
                builder.setMessage("Need Permission");
                builder.setPositiveButton("Grant now", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                        Intent intent = new Intent();
                        intent.setAction(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS);
                        intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_DEFAULT);
                        intent.setData(Uri.parse("package:" + getPackageName()));
                        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
                        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NO_HISTORY);
                        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_EXCLUDE_FROM_RECENTS);
                        startActivity(intent);
                    }
                });
                builder.setNegativeButton("Fuck yourself", null);
                builder.show();
            } else {

            }
        }
    }

    //permission
    private void checkPermissions() {
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
            return;
        }

        Boolean isAllPermissionGranted = false;
        for (String permission : PERMISSIONS) {
            if (checkSelfPermission(permission) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                isAllPermissionGranted = false;
                break;
            }
            isAllPermissionGranted = true;
        }

        if (!isAllPermissionGranted) {
            requestPermissions(PERMISSIONS, REQUEST_CODE);
        }
    }
}

ScreenCapture

public class ScreenCapturer {
    private static MediaProjection sMediaProjection;
    boolean isScreenCaptureStarted;
    OnImageCaptureScreenListener listener;
    private int mDensity;
    private Display mDisplay;
    private int mWidth;
    private int mHeight;
    private ImageReader mImageReader;
    private VirtualDisplay mVirtualDisplay;
    private Handler mHandler;
    private String STORE_DIR;
    private Context mContext;

    public ScreenCapturer(Context context, MediaProjection mediaProjection, String savePath) {
        sMediaProjection = mediaProjection;
        mContext = context;

        isScreenCaptureStarted = false;

        new Thread() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                Looper.prepare();
                mHandler = new Handler();
                Looper.loop();
            }
        }.start();


        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(savePath)) {
            File externalFilesDir = mContext.getExternalFilesDir(null);
            Log.d("WOW", "externalFilesDir:" + externalFilesDir.getAbsolutePath());
            if (externalFilesDir != null) {
                STORE_DIR = externalFilesDir.getAbsolutePath() + "/myScreenshots";
            } else {
                Toast.makeText(mContext, "No save path assigned!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        } else {
            STORE_DIR = savePath;
        }
    }

    public ScreenCapturer startProjection() {
        if (sMediaProjection != null) {
            File storeDir = new File(STORE_DIR);
            if (!storeDir.exists()) {
                boolean success = storeDir.mkdirs();
                if (!success) {
                    Log.d("WOW", "mkdir " + storeDir + "  failed");
                    return this;
                } else {
                    Log.d("WOW", "mkdir " + storeDir + "  success");
                }
            } else {
                Log.d("WOW", " " + storeDir + "  exist");
            }

        } else {
            Log.d("WOW", "get mediaprojection failed");
        }

        try {
            Thread.sleep(500); // 防止截屏截到 显示截屏权限的窗口
            isScreenCaptureStarted = true;
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
        }
        WindowManager window = (WindowManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE);
        mDisplay = window.getDefaultDisplay();
        final DisplayMetrics metrics = new DisplayMetrics();
        // use getMetrics is 2030, use getRealMetrics is 2160, the diff is NavigationBar's height
        mDisplay.getRealMetrics(metrics);
        mDensity = metrics.densityDpi;
        Log.d("WOW", "metrics.widthPixels is " + metrics.widthPixels);
        Log.d("WOW", "metrics.heightPixels is " + metrics.heightPixels);
        mWidth = metrics.widthPixels;
        mHeight = metrics.heightPixels;

        //start capture reader
        mImageReader = ImageReader.newInstance(mWidth, mHeight, PixelFormat.RGBA_8888, 2);
        mVirtualDisplay = sMediaProjection.createVirtualDisplay(
                "ScreenShot",
                mWidth,
                mHeight,
                mDensity,
                DisplayManager.VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_OWN_CONTENT_ONLY | DisplayManager.VIRTUAL_DISPLAY_FLAG_PUBLIC,
                mImageReader.getSurface(),
                null,
                mHandler);

        mImageReader.setOnImageAvailableListener(new ImageReader.OnImageAvailableListener() {
            @Override
            public void onImageAvailable(ImageReader reader) {

                if (isScreenCaptureStarted) {

                    Image image = null;
                    FileOutputStream fos = null;
                    Bitmap bitmap = null;

                    try {
                        image = reader.acquireLatestImage();
                        if (image != null) {
//                            bitmap = ImageUtils.image_ARGB8888_2_bitmap(metrics, image);
                            bitmap = ImageUtils.image_2_bitmap(image, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
                            if (null != listener) {
                                listener.imageCaptured(ImageUtils.bitmap2byte(bitmap, 80));
                            }

                            Date currentDate = new Date();
                            SimpleDateFormat date = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddhhmmss");
                            String fileName = STORE_DIR + "/myScreen_" + date.format(
                                    currentDate) + ".png";
                            fos = new FileOutputStream(fileName);
                            bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, fos);
                            Log.d("WOW", "End now!!!!!!  Screenshot saved in " + fileName);
                            Toast.makeText(mContext, "Screenshot saved in " + fileName,
                                    Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                            stopProjection();
                        }
                    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    } finally {
                        if (null != fos) {
                            try {
                                fos.close();
                            } catch (IOException e) {
                                e.printStackTrace();
                            }
                        }
                        if (null != bitmap) {
                            bitmap.recycle();
                        }
                        if (null != image) {
                            image.close();
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }, mHandler);
        sMediaProjection.registerCallback(new MediaProjectionStopCallback(), mHandler);
        return this;
    }

    public ScreenCapturer stopProjection() {
        isScreenCaptureStarted = false;
        Log.d("WOW", "Screen captured");
        mHandler.post(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                if (sMediaProjection != null) {
                    sMediaProjection.stop();
                }
            }
        });
        return this;
    }

    public ScreenCapturer setListener(OnImageCaptureScreenListener listener) {
        this.listener = listener;
        return this;
    }

    public interface OnImageCaptureScreenListener {
        public void imageCaptured(byte[] image);
    }

    private class MediaProjectionStopCallback extends MediaProjection.Callback {
        @Override
        public void onStop() {
            mHandler.post(new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    if (mVirtualDisplay != null) {
                        mVirtualDisplay.release();
                    }
                    if (mImageReader != null) {
                        mImageReader.setOnImageAvailableListener(null, null);
                    }
                    sMediaProjection.unregisterCallback(MediaProjectionStopCallback.this);
                }
            });
        }
    }
}

ImageUtils

public class ImageUtils {

    public static Bitmap image_ARGB8888_2_bitmap(DisplayMetrics metrics, Image image) {
        Image.Plane[] planes = image.getPlanes();
        ByteBuffer buffer = planes[0].getBuffer();

        int width = image.getWidth();
        int height = image.getHeight();
        int pixelStride = planes[0].getPixelStride();
        int rowStride = planes[0].getRowStride();
        int rowPadding = rowStride - pixelStride * width;

        int offset = 0;
        Bitmap bitmap;
        bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(metrics, width, height, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
        for (int i = 0; i < height; ++i) {
            for (int j = 0; j < width; ++j) {
                int pixel = 0;
                pixel |= (buffer.get(offset) & 0xff) << 16;     // R
                pixel |= (buffer.get(offset + 1) & 0xff) << 8;  // G
                pixel |= (buffer.get(offset + 2) & 0xff);       // B
                pixel |= (buffer.get(offset + 3) & 0xff) << 24; // A
                bitmap.setPixel(j, i, pixel);
                offset += pixelStride;
            }
            offset += rowPadding;
        }
        return bitmap;
    }

    /**
     * 这个方法可以转换，但是得到的图片右边多了一列，比如上面方法得到1080x2160，这个方法得到1088x2160
     * 所以要对得到的Bitmap裁剪一下
     *
     * @param image
     * @param config
     * @return
     */
    public static Bitmap image_2_bitmap(Image image, Bitmap.Config config) {

        int width = image.getWidth();
        int height = image.getHeight();
        Bitmap bitmap;

        final Image.Plane[] planes = image.getPlanes();
        final ByteBuffer buffer = planes[0].getBuffer();
        int pixelStride = planes[0].getPixelStride();
        int rowStride = planes[0].getRowStride();
        int rowPadding = rowStride - pixelStride * width;
        Log.d("WOW",
                "pixelStride:" + pixelStride + ". rowStride:" + rowStride + ". rowPadding" + rowPadding);

        bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(
                width + rowPadding / pixelStride/*equals: rowStride/pixelStride */
                , height, config);
        bitmap.copyPixelsFromBuffer(buffer);

        return Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap, 0, 0, width, height);
//        return bitmap;
    }

    /**
     * PNG
     * @return
     */
    public static byte[] bitmap2byte(Bitmap bmp, int quality) {
        ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        bmp.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, quality, baos);
        return baos.toByteArray();
    }

    public static Bitmap byte2bitmap(byte[] data) {
        if (data.length != 0) {
            return BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(data, 0, data.length);
        } else {
            return null;
        }
    }


}

User-permission

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE" />

    <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera" />
    <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera.autofocus" />
```