目录
·定义,作用
1.定义:
1.1()内用逗号分隔开多个任意类型的元素是元组:
t = (123, "xhg", [123, 56])
print(type(t)) # <class 'tuple'>
1.2()内单独一个元素,代表包含的意思:
x1 = (10)
print(x1, type(x1)) # 10 <class 'int'>
1.3如果元组中只有一个元素,在结尾加个逗号:
x2 = (10, )
print(x2, type(x2)) # (10,) <class 'tuple'>
1.4元组不可改,否则报错:
1.5但可以改元组内的列表内的元素 只是不能改元组内元素的地址
x4 = (12, 24, [3, 4], 4)
x4[2][0] = 5
print(x4) # (12, 24, [5, 4], 4)
2.元组是"一个不可变的列表"
3.作用:按照索引/位置存放多个值,只用于读不用于改
·类型转换
()内必须是可迭代对象
print(tuple("zcy")) # ('z', 'c', 'y')
print(tuple([123, ])) # (123,)
print(tuple([123, "zcy"])) # (123, 'zcy')
print(tuple({123, "zcy"})) # ('zcy', 123)
·内置方法(正反取值,切片,len(),in)
1.按索引取值(正向取+反向取),只能取:
t1 = (123, 'zcy', ['gf', 1])
print(t1[0]) # 123
print(t1[-1]) # ['gf', 1]
2.切片(顾头不顾尾,步长) 返回值为新地址
t2 = (123, 'zcy', ['gf', 1], 'zv')
print(t2[0: 2]) # (123, 'zcy') 切片
print(t2[:]) # (123, 'zcy', ['gf', 1], 'zv') 顺序拷贝一份
print(t2[:: -1]) # ('zv', ['gf', 1], 'zcy', 123) 逆序拷贝一份
3.长度len()
t3 = (123, 'zcy', ['gf', 1], 'zv')
print(len(t3)) # 4
4.成员运算in和not in
t4 = (111, 'hello', [1, 2], 'word')
print("hello" in t4) # True
5.for循环
for i in (111, 'hello', [1, 2], 'word'):
print(i)
6.其他
t4 = (111, 'hello', [1, 2], 'word', 'hello')
print(t4.index('hello')) # 1 查找元素返回索引号
print(t4.count('hello')) # 2 统计元素的个数