Struts入门

今日目标：

1，Struts的配置（依赖，配置，开发）

2，Struts的动态方法调用

3，Struts的传参

4，Struts与Tomcat的集成

项目结构：

一，Struts的配置与 Struts的动态方法调用

补充：通过maven插件修改jdk

   <plugins>
    	<plugin>
         <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
         <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
         <version>3.7.0</version>
         <configuration>
             <source>1.8</source>
             <target>1.8</target>
             <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
         </configuration>
    	</plugin>
    </plugins>

1.1，在pom.xml导入struts与tomcat的jar依赖

  <!-- struts与tomcat的jar依赖 -->
    <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.1</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
 
 <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
            <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.5.13</version>
 </dependency>

1.2，web.xml做配置（配置过滤器）Ctrl+Shift+T：查找路径

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  
<filter>
		<filter-name>struts</filter-name>
		<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
	</filter>
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>struts</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>
 
</web-app>

1.3，框架配置文件
struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
	<!-- 引入了Struts的默认配置 -->
	<include file="struts-default.xml"></include>
	<!-- 开发人员对Struts框架的基本配置 -->
	<include file="struts-base.xml"></include>
	<!-- 项目涉及到的模块，分文件管理 -->
	<include file="struts-sy.xml"></include>
</struts>

struts-base.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
	<constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="UTF-8" />
	<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
	<constant name="struts.configuration.xml.reload" value="true" />
	<constant name="struts.i18n.reload" value="true" />
	<constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true" />
 
	<package name="base" extends="struts-default" abstract="true">
		<global-allowed-methods>regex:.*</global-allowed-methods>
	</package>
</struts>

struts-sy.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
	<package name="sy" extends="base" namespace="/sy">	
	</package>
</struts>

1.4，开发（Demo1Action extends ActionSupport）

package com.whw.one.web;
 
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
 
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
 
 
public class Demo1Action extends ActionSupport {
 
	public String add() throws Exception {
		System.out.println("add()...");
		return "bookEdit";
	}
	 
	public String del() throws Exception {
		System.out.println("del()...");
		return "bookEdit";
	}
	 
	public String edit() throws Exception {
		System.out.println("edit()...");
		return "bookEdit";
	}
	 
}

配置xml文件（ {1}代表第一个*）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
	<package name="sy" extends="base" namespace="/sy">
	
<!-- 第一个*代表调用方法，第二个*代表跳哪个界面（一般使用一个*的写法） -->
	<action name="/demo1_*" class="com.lgs.one.web.Demo1Action" method="{1}">
		<result name="bookEdit">/bookEdit.jsp</result>
	</action> 
		
<!--<action name="/demo1_*_*" class="com.lgs.one.web.Demo1Action" method="{1}">
		<result name="{2}">/{2}.jsp</result>
	</action> -->
	
	</package>
</struts>

前端测试js代码

<h4>Struts动态方法的调用</h4>
一个*
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo1_add.action">新增</a><br> 
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo1_edit.action">修改</a><br> 
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo1_del.action">删除</a><br> 
俩个*
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo1_edit_bookEdit.action">修改</a> 

测试的跳转界面

效果展示：

三，Struts的传参

三种传参方式：

建立User类

package com.whw.one.entity;
 
public class User {
 
	private String uid;
	private String uname;
	
	public String getUid() {
		return uid;
	}
	public void setUid(String uid) {
		this.uid = uid;
	}
	public String getUname() {
		return uname;
	}
	public void setUname(String uname) {
		this.uname = uname;
	}
	
	public String toString() {
		return "User [uid=" + uid + ", uname=" + uname + "]";
	}
	
}

3.1，Modeldriver接口传参（implements ModelDriven）（编写list方法）

package com.whw.one.web;
 
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
 
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletResponseAware;
 
import com.lgs.one.entity.User;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
 
public class Demo1Action extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<User>{
 
	private User user1 = new User();
 
	public User getUser1() {
		return user1;
	}
 
	public void setUser1(User user1) {
		this.user1 = user1;
	}
 
	public String list() throws Exception {
		System.out.println("list()...");`在这里插入代码片`
		System.out.println(user1);
		return "bookEdit";
	}
 
	public User getModel() {
		return user1;
	}
	
}

前端js代码

<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo1_list.action?uid=001&&uname=隔壁老王">接口传参</a><br> 

效果展示：
3.2，Set方法传参，由于实体类中没有sex属性，在子控制器内添加sex属性和set/get方法

输出set属性

前端js代码

<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo1_list.action?sex=女">set方法传参</a><br> 

效果展示：

3.3，通过对象属性传参，在子控制器内写入一个user属性，然后get/set方法

输出user2属性

前端js代码

<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo1_list.action?user2.uid=002&&user2.uname=三棵树">对象属性传参</a><br> 

效果展示：

四，Struts与Tomcat的集成

方法一：内置类

将type传到bookEdit.jsp界面中

效果展示：

方法二：实现接口ServletRequestAware并重写方法，将HttpServletRequest定义在方法外



将hobby传到bookEdit.jsp界面中

效果展示：

到这里就结束了，有不对或补充的地方欢迎大家评论，谢谢！