该通讯录主要用c++来实现功能,它包含了添加联系人、显示联系人、删除联系人、查找联系人、修改联系人、清空联系人、退出通讯录七个功能,在练习时主要是要规划好各项功能的内容,各个功能的代码有相类似的地方,主要做好类比。
代码:
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
#include <string>
#define MAX 100//宏常量,限制联系人个数
//菜单界面
void showMenu()
{
cout << "*********通讯录****************" << endl;
cout << "1、添加联系人" << endl;
cout << "2、显示联系人" << endl;
cout << "3、删除联系人" << endl;
cout << "4、查找联系人" << endl;
cout << "5、修改联系人" << endl;
cout << "6、清空联系人" << endl;
cout << "7、退出通讯录" << endl;
cout << "********************************" << endl;
}
//联系人结构体
struct person
{
string m_Name;//姓名
int m_Sex;//性别:1男 2女
int m_Age;//年龄
string m_Phone;//电话号码
string m_Adress;//家庭住址
};
//通讯录结构体
struct Addressbooks
{
//通讯录中保存的联系人数组
struct person personArray [MAX];
//通讯录中当前记录联系人个数
int m_Size=0;
};
//1、添加联系人
void addPerson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
//判断通讯录是否已满
if (abs->m_Size == MAX)
{
cout<<"通讯录已满!"<<endl;
return;
}
else
{
//添加具体联系人
string name;
cout << "请输入姓名:" << endl;
cin >> name;//将姓名放入name里面
abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Name = name;//使用记录人员的数组来记录人员信息
//添加联系人的性别
cout << "请输入性别:" << endl;
cout << "1-----男" << endl;
cout << "2-----女" << endl;
int sex = 0;
while (true)
{
cin >> sex;
if (sex == 1 || sex == 2)
{
abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Sex = sex;
break;
}
cout<<"输入有误,请重新输入!" << endl;
}
//添加联系人的年龄
int age = 0;
cout << "请输入年龄:" << endl;
cin >> age;
abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Age = age;
//电话号码
string phone;
cout << "请输入电话号码:" << endl;
cin >> phone;
abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Phone=phone;
//家庭住址
string adress;
cout << "请输入家庭住址:" << endl;
cin >> adress;
abs->personArray[abs->m_Size].m_Adress=adress;
//更新通讯录人数
abs->m_Size++;
cout<<"添加成功!" << endl;
}
}
//2、显示联系人
void showPerson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
//判断通讯录里面是否有数据
if(abs->m_Size==0)
{
cout << "通讯录里面没有联系人!" << endl;
}
else
{
for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_Size; i++)//显示联系人的各个数据
{
cout << "姓名:" << abs->personArray[i].m_Name<<"\t";//\t是转义字符,可以一下空出八个字符
cout << "性别:" <<( abs->personArray[i].m_Sex == 1 ?"男": "女") << "\t";//用?来判断男女,()来改变优先级
cout << "年龄:" << abs->personArray[i].m_Age << "\t";
cout << "电话:" << abs->personArray[i].m_Phone << "\t";
cout << "家庭住址:" << abs->personArray[i].m_Adress << endl;
}
}
system("pause");//按任意键继续
system("cls");//清屏
}
//3、删除联系人
//在功能3中,查询需要找到的联系人
int isExist(Addressbooks* abs, string name)//参数1是引入通讯录,参数2是利用姓名来判断是否删除联系人
{
for (int i = 0; i < abs->m_Size; i++)
{
if (abs->personArray[i].m_Name == name)//查找对应的联系人
{
return i;//找到了,返回对应的数组下标编号
}
}
return -1;//没有找到,返回-1
}
//在功能3中,删除找到的联系人
void deletePerson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
cout << "输入需要删除的联系人姓名:" << endl;
string name;
cin >> name;
//ret==-1 未找到
//ret!=1 找到
int ret = isExist(abs, name);//调用isExist函数
if (ret != -1)
{
for (int i = ret; i < abs->m_Size; i++)
{
//数据前移
abs->personArray[i] = abs->personArray[i + 1];
}
abs->m_Size--;//更新通讯录中的人员个数
cout << "删除成功!" << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "未找到此人!" << endl;
}
system("pause");//按任意键继续
system("cls");//清屏
}
//4、查找联系人
void findPerson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
cout << "请输入你要查找的联系人:" << endl;
string name;
cin >> name;
//判断联系人存不存在,和第2项内容相似可以模仿
int ret = isExist(abs, name);
if (ret != -1)
{
cout << "姓名:" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Name<<"\t";
cout << "性别:" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Sex << "\t";
cout << "年龄:" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Age << "\t";
cout << "电话:" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Phone << "\t";
cout << "家庭住址:" << abs->personArray[ret].m_Adress << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "未找到此人!" << endl;
}
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//5、修改联系人
void modifyPerson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
cout<<"请输入你要修改的联系人:" << endl;
string name;
cin>>name;
int ret = isExist(abs, name);
if(ret!=-1)//找到了----代码与上面写过的代码相似
{ //姓名
string name;
cout << "请输入姓名:" << endl;
cin >> name;
abs->personArray[ret].m_Name = name;
//性别
int sex=0;
cout << "请输入性别" << endl;
cout << "1-----男" << endl;
cout << "2-----女" << endl;
while (true)
{
cin >> sex;
if (sex == 1 || sex == 2)
{
abs->personArray[ret].m_Sex = sex;
break;//退出循环
}
cout << "输入有误,请重新输入!" << endl;
}
//年龄
int age=0;
cout << "请输入年龄" << endl;
cin >> name;
abs->personArray[ret].m_Age = age;
//电话
string phone;
cout << "请输入电话号码:" << endl;
cin >> phone;
abs->personArray[ret].m_Phone = phone;
//家庭住址
string adress;
cout<<"请输入家庭住址:" << endl;
cin >> adress;
abs->personArray[ret].m_Adress = adress;
cout << "修改成功!" << endl;
}
else//没找到
{
cout << "未找到此人!" << endl;
}
//按任意键清屏
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//6、清空所有联系人
void allPerson(Addressbooks* abs)
{
abs->m_Size = 0;//(1)逻辑清空操作不是删除数据,而是保留该数据在数据库中,但是查询时不显示该数据;(2)物理清空操作是删除数据,不做保留;
cout << "清除成功!" << endl;
system("pause");
system("cls");
}
//主函数
int main()
{
Addressbooks abs;//创建通讯录结构体变量
int select = 0;//创建用户选择输入的变量
while (true)//死循环,让用户输入7才能够退出
{
showMenu();//调用菜单中的功能
cin >> select;
switch (select)//功能与上面的与之对应
{
case 1:
addPerson(&abs);//利用地址传递来修饰实参
break;
case 2:
showPerson(&abs);
break;
case 3:
deletePerson(&abs);//当代码过多时,可以在case...break中间加{}形成代码段
break;
case 4:
findPerson(&abs);
break;
case 5:
modifyPerson(&abs);
break;
case 6:
allPerson(&abs);
break;
case 7://7、退出通讯录
cout << "欢迎下次使用!" << endl;
system("pause");//这个要记得写上
}
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}
运行展示: