目录
六、通过POJO（控制器方法的实体类类型的形参）获取请求参数
一、通过ServletAPI获取
只需要在控制器方法的形参位置上设置HttpServletRequest 类型的形参，就可以在控制器方法中使用request对象获取请求参数
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
@Controller
public class TestParamController {
@RequestMapping("/param/servletAPI")
//request表示当前需要处理的请求对象
public String getParamByServletAPI(HttpServletRequest request){
String username = request.getParameter("username");
String password = request.getParameter("password");
System.out.println("username: " + username +",password :" + password);
return "success";
}
}
二、通过控制器方法的形参获取请求参数
在控制器方法的形参位置，设置和请求参数同名的形参，当浏览器发送请求，匹配到请求映射时，在 DispatcherServlet中就会将请求参数赋值给相应的形参（不一致时获取不到）
<form th:action="@{/param}" method="post">
用户名：<input type="text" name="username">
密码：<input type="password" name="password">
<input type="submit" value="登录">
</form>@RequestMapping("/param")
public String getParam(String username,String password){
System.out.println("username: " + username +",password :" + password);
return "success";
}三、@RequestParam
作用 ： 将请求参数和控制器方法的形参创建映射关系
⚪@RequestParam注解的三个属性
1.value
设置和形参绑定的请求参数的名字
2.required
设置是否必须传输value所对应的请求参数，默认值为true
- 若设置为true，则当前请求必须传输value所指定的请求参数，若没有传输该请求参数，且没有设置 defaultValue属性，则页面报错400：Required String parameter 'xxx' is not present；
- 若设置为 false，则当前请求不是必须传输value所指定的请求参数，若没有传输，则注解所标识的形参的值为 null
3.defaultValue
不管required属性值为true或false，当value所指定的请求参数没有传输或传输的值为""时，则使用默认值为形参赋值
🐕@RequestParam的源码
//
// Source code recreated from a .class file by IntelliJ IDEA
// (powered by FernFlower decompiler)
//
package org.springframework.web.bind.annotation;
import java.lang.annotation.Documented;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.AliasFor;
@Target({ElementType.PARAMETER})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface RequestParam {
@AliasFor("name")
String value() default "";
@AliasFor("value")
String name() default "";
boolean required() default true;
String defaultValue() default "\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\ue000\ue001\ue002\n\t\t\t\t\n";
}
测试
<form th:action="@{/param}" method="post">
用户名：<input type="text" name="userName">
密码：<input type="password" name="password">
<input type="submit" value="登录">
</form>@RequestMapping("/param")
public String getParam(
@RequestParam(
value = "userName",
required = false,
defaultValue = "hello")
String username, String password){
System.out.println("username: " + username +",password :" + password);
return "success";
}四、@RequestHeader
作用：将请求头信息和控制器方法的形参创建映射关系
@RequestHeader注解一共有三个属性
value、required、defaultValue，用法同@RequestParam
🐕@RequestHeader源码
//
// Source code recreated from a .class file by IntelliJ IDEA
// (powered by FernFlower decompiler)
//
package org.springframework.web.bind.annotation;
import java.lang.annotation.Documented;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.AliasFor;
@Target({ElementType.PARAMETER})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface RequestHeader {
@AliasFor("name")
String value() default "";
@AliasFor("value")
String name() default "";
boolean required() default true;
String defaultValue() default "\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\ue000\ue001\ue002\n\t\t\t\t\n";
}
测试
@RequestMapping("/param")
public String getParam(
@RequestParam(
value = "userName",
required = false,
defaultValue = "hello") String username,
String password,
@RequestHeader(
value = "referer",
required = false,
defaultValue = "123456") String referer){
System.out.println("referer: " + referer);
System.out.println("username: " + username +",password :" + password);
return "success";
}运行结果
五、@CookieValue
作用：将cookie数据和控制器方法的形参创建映射关系
@CookieValue注解一共有三个属性：
value、required、defaultValue，用法同@RequestParam
🐕@CookieValue源码
//
// Source code recreated from a .class file by IntelliJ IDEA
// (powered by FernFlower decompiler)
//
package org.springframework.web.bind.annotation;
import java.lang.annotation.Documented;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.AliasFor;
@Target({ElementType.PARAMETER})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface CookieValue {
@AliasFor("name")
String value() default "";
@AliasFor("value")
String name() default "";
boolean required() default true;
String defaultValue() default "\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\ue000\ue001\ue002\n\t\t\t\t\n";
}
测试
@Controller
public class TestParamController {
@RequestMapping("/param/servletAPI")
//request表示当前需要处理的请求对象
public String getParamByServletAPI(HttpServletRequest request){
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
String username = request.getParameter("username");
String password = request.getParameter("password");
System.out.println("username: " + username +",password :" + password);
return "success";
}
@RequestMapping("/param")
public String getParam(
@RequestParam(
value = "userName",
required = false,
defaultValue = "hello") String username,
String password,
@RequestHeader(
value = "referer",
required = false,
defaultValue = "123456") String referer,
@CookieValue("JSESSIONID") String jsessionId){
System.out.println("jsessionId: " + jsessionId);
System.out.println("referer: " + referer);
System.out.println("username: " + username +",password :" + password);
return "success";
}
}先访问http://localhost:8080/SpringMVC/ param/servletAPI创建Cookie
发送请求参数：
六、通过POJO（控制器方法的实体类类型的形参）获取请求参数
可以在控制器方法的形参位置设置一个实体类类型的形参，此时若浏览器传输的请求参数的参数名和实体类中的属性名一致，那么请求参数就会为此属性赋值
package com.atguigu.pojo;
public class User {
private Integer id;
private String username;
private String password;
public User() {
}
public User(Integer id, String username, String password) {
this.id = id;
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
'}';
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
<form th:action="@{/param/pojo}" method="post">
用户名：<input type="text" name="username">
密码：<input type="password" name="password">
<input type="submit" value="登录">
</form>@RequestMapping("/param/pojo")
public String getParamByPojo(User user){
System.out.println(user);
return "success";
}七、解决获取请求参数的乱码问题
解决获取请求参数的乱码问题，可以使用SpringMVC提供的编码过滤器CharacterEncodingFilter，但是必须在web.xml中进行注册
<!-- 配置Spring编码过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<!-- 自定义编码 -->
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<!-- 设置请求&响应的编码 -->
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>注意： SpringMVC中处理编码的过滤器一定要配置到其他过滤器之前，否则无效
如果怕配置错误，可以打开CharacterEncodingFilter的源码查看：
🐕CharacterEncodingFilter源码
//
// Source code recreated from a .class file by IntelliJ IDEA
// (powered by FernFlower decompiler)
//
package org.springframework.web.filter;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
import org.springframework.util.Assert;
public class CharacterEncodingFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {
@Nullable
private String encoding;
private boolean forceRequestEncoding;
private boolean forceResponseEncoding;
public CharacterEncodingFilter() {
this.forceRequestEncoding = false;
this.forceResponseEncoding = false;
}
public CharacterEncodingFilter(String encoding) {
this(encoding, false);
}
public CharacterEncodingFilter(String encoding, boolean forceEncoding) {
this(encoding, forceEncoding, forceEncoding);
}
public CharacterEncodingFilter(String encoding, boolean forceRequestEncoding, boolean forceResponseEncoding) {
this.forceRequestEncoding = false;
this.forceResponseEncoding = false;
Assert.hasLength(encoding, "Encoding must not be empty");
this.encoding = encoding;
this.forceRequestEncoding = forceRequestEncoding;
this.forceResponseEncoding = forceResponseEncoding;
}
public void setEncoding(@Nullable String encoding) {
this.encoding = encoding;
}
@Nullable
public String getEncoding() {
return this.encoding;
}
public void setForceEncoding(boolean forceEncoding) {
this.forceRequestEncoding = forceEncoding;
this.forceResponseEncoding = forceEncoding;
}
public void setForceRequestEncoding(boolean forceRequestEncoding) {
this.forceRequestEncoding = forceRequestEncoding;
}
public boolean isForceRequestEncoding() {
return this.forceRequestEncoding;
}
public void setForceResponseEncoding(boolean forceResponseEncoding) {
this.forceResponseEncoding = forceResponseEncoding;
}
public boolean isForceResponseEncoding() {
return this.forceResponseEncoding;
}
protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain filterChain) throws ServletException, IOException {
String encoding = this.getEncoding();
if (encoding != null) {
if (this.isForceRequestEncoding() || request.getCharacterEncoding() == null) {
request.setCharacterEncoding(encoding);
}
if (this.isForceResponseEncoding()) {
response.setCharacterEncoding(encoding);
}
}
filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
}
}
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