C++实现网络聊天室

客户端：

client.pro

QT       += core gui  network

greaterThan(QT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4): QT += widgets

CONFIG += c++11

# The following define makes your compiler emit warnings if you use
# any Qt feature that has been marked deprecated (the exact warnings
# depend on your compiler). Please consult the documentation of the
# deprecated API in order to know how to port your code away from it.
DEFINES += QT_DEPRECATED_WARNINGS

# You can also make your code fail to compile if it uses deprecated APIs.
# In order to do so, uncomment the following line.
# You can also select to disable deprecated APIs only up to a certain version of Qt.
#DEFINES += QT_DISABLE_DEPRECATED_BEFORE=0x060000    # disables all the APIs deprecated before Qt 6.0.0

SOURCES += \
    main.cpp \
    widget.cpp

HEADERS += \
    widget.h

FORMS += \
    widget.ui

# Default rules for deployment.
qnx: target.path = /tmp/$${TARGET}/bin
else: unix:!android: target.path = /opt/$${TARGET}/bin
!isEmpty(target.path): INSTALLS += target

widget.h

#ifndef WIDGET_H
#define WIDGET_H

#include <QWidget>
#include <QTcpSocket>
#include <QMessageBox>
QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class Widget; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE

class Widget : public QWidget
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    Widget(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    ~Widget();

private slots:
    void on_connectbtn_clicked();

    void on_sendbtn_clicked();

    void on_disconnectbtn_clicked();

public slots:
    void connected_slot();
    void readyRead_slot();
    void disconnected_slot();

private:
    Ui::Widget *ui;
    //实例化一个客户端指针
    QTcpSocket *socket;
    //定义一个存放用户名的变量
    QString userName;
};
#endif // WIDGET_H

main.cpp

#include "widget.h"

#include <QApplication>
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);
    Widget w;
    w.show();
    return a.exec();
}

widget.cpp

#include "widget.h"
#include "ui_widget.h"

Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent)
    : QWidget(parent)
    , ui(new Ui::Widget)
    , socket(new QTcpSocket(this))//客户端指针实例化空间
{
    ui->setupUi(this);
    //初始化界面设置
    ui->msgEdit->setEnabled(false);
    ui->sendbtn->setEnabled(false);
    ui->disconnectbtn->setEnabled(false);

    //如果成功连接到服务器，客户端就会自动发送connected信号
    //我们就可以将该信号连接到自定义的槽函数
    //由于只需要连接一次，所以连接函数写在构造函数中
    connect(socket,&QTcpSocket::connected,this,&Widget::connected_slot);

    //如果服务器发来数据，那么客户端就会自动发射一个readyRead信号
    //我们就可以将该信号连接到自定义的槽函数
    //由于只需要连接一次，所以连接函数写在构造函数中
    connect(socket,&QTcpSocket::readyRead,this,&Widget::readyRead_slot);

    //如果成功断开连接，那么客户端就会自动发射一个disconnected信号
    //我们就可以将该信号连接到自定义的槽函数
    //由于只需要连接一次，所以连接函数写在构造函数中
    connect(socket,&QTcpSocket::disconnected,this,&Widget::disconnected_slot);
}

Widget::~Widget()
{
    delete ui;
}

//连接服务器按钮对应槽函数处理
void Widget::on_connectbtn_clicked()
{
    //获取UI界面上的IP和端口号
    QString ip=ui->ipEdit->text();
    quint16 port=ui->portEdit->text().toUInt();//将字符串转换成整型

    //让客户端连接服务器
    socket->connectToHost(ip,port);



}
//connected信号对应的槽函数实现
void Widget::connected_slot()
{
    QMessageBox::information(this,"","连接服务器成功！");
    userName=ui->usernameEdit->text();
    //组织下语言
    QString msg=userName + ":进入聊天室";
    //告诉服务器 我来了
    socket->write(msg.toLocal8Bit());

    ui->msgEdit->setEnabled(true);
    ui->sendbtn->setEnabled(true);
    ui->disconnectbtn->setEnabled(true);

    ui->usernameEdit->setEnabled(false);
    ui->ipEdit->setEnabled(false);
    ui->portEdit->setEnabled(false);
    ui->connectbtn->setEnabled(false);
}
//发送按钮对应槽函数处理
void Widget::on_sendbtn_clicked()
{
    //获取UI界面文本
    QString msg=ui->msgEdit->text();
    msg=userName + ":" + msg;
    // 将发送框清空
    ui->msgEdit->clear();
    //将信息发送给服务器
    socket->write(msg.toLocal8Bit());

}
//readyRead信号对应的槽函数
void  Widget::readyRead_slot()
{
    //读取服务器发来数据
   QByteArray msg=socket->readAll();
   //将读取到的信息放入UI界面
   ui->listWidget->addItem(QString::fromLocal8Bit(msg));

}
//disconnected对应的槽函数实现
void Widget::disconnected_slot()
{
    ui->msgEdit->setEnabled(false);
    ui->sendbtn->setEnabled(false);
    ui->disconnectbtn->setEnabled(false);

    ui->usernameEdit->setEnabled(true);
    ui->ipEdit->setEnabled(true);
    ui->portEdit->setEnabled(true);
    ui->connectbtn->setEnabled(true);
}

//断开连接按钮对应槽函数
void Widget::on_disconnectbtn_clicked()
{
    //告诉服务器 我走了
    QString msg=userName + ":离开聊天室";
    socket->write(msg.toLocal8Bit());
    //让客户端和服务器断开连接
    socket->disconnectFromHost();

}

服务器：

server.pro

QT       += core gui network

greaterThan(QT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4): QT += widgets

CONFIG += c++11

# The following define makes your compiler emit warnings if you use
# any Qt feature that has been marked deprecated (the exact warnings
# depend on your compiler). Please consult the documentation of the
# deprecated API in order to know how to port your code away from it.
DEFINES += QT_DEPRECATED_WARNINGS

# You can also make your code fail to compile if it uses deprecated APIs.
# In order to do so, uncomment the following line.
# You can also select to disable deprecated APIs only up to a certain version of Qt.
#DEFINES += QT_DISABLE_DEPRECATED_BEFORE=0x060000    # disables all the APIs deprecated before Qt 6.0.0

SOURCES += \
    main.cpp \
    widget.cpp

HEADERS += \
    widget.h

FORMS += \
    widget.ui

# Default rules for deployment.
qnx: target.path = /tmp/$${TARGET}/bin
else: unix:!android: target.path = /opt/$${TARGET}/bin
!isEmpty(target.path): INSTALLS += target

widget.h

#ifndef WIDGET_H
#define WIDGET_H

#include <QWidget>
#include <QTcpServer>//服务器类
#include <QMessageBox>
#include <QLineEdit>
#include <QDebug>
#include <QList>
#include <QTcpSocket>
QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class Widget; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE

class Widget : public QWidget
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    Widget(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    ~Widget();

private slots:
    void on_startbtn_clicked();
    void newConnection_slot();
    void readyRead_slot();//readRead信号对应的槽函数
private:
    Ui::Widget *ui;
    //实例化一个 服务器指针
    QTcpServer *server;
    //存放客户端套接字的容器
    QList <QTcpSocket *> socketList;
     //实例化一个 客户端指针
    QTcpSocket *socket;
};
#endif // WIDGET_H

main.cpp

#include "widget.h"

#include <QApplication>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);
    Widget w;
    w.show();
    return a.exec();
}

widget.cpp

#include "widget.h"
#include "ui_widget.h"

Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent)
    : QWidget(parent)
    , ui(new Ui::Widget)
    , server(new QTcpServer(this))
    , socket(new QTcpSocket(this))
{
    ui->setupUi(this);
}

Widget::~Widget()
{
    delete ui;
}

//启动服务器按钮对应的槽函数
void Widget::on_startbtn_clicked()
{
    //获取ui界面上端口号
    quint16 port=ui->portedit->text().toUInt();//将字符串转换成整型
    //让服务器设置监听
    if(server->listen(QHostAddress::Any,port))
    {
        //监听成功---启动成功
        QMessageBox::information(this,"","启动服务器成功");
    }
    else
    {
        //监听失败
        QMessageBox::information(this,"","启动服务器失败");
        return;//终止程序
    }
    //将该信号连接到自定义的槽函数
    connect(server,&QTcpServer::newConnection,this,&Widget::newConnection_slot);

}

//newConnection信号对应的槽函数处理
 void Widget::newConnection_slot()
 {
     qDebug() << "有新的客户端连接";
     //获取最新连接的客户端套接字
     QTcpSocket *s=server->nextPendingConnection();
     //放入客户端容器中
     socketList.push_back(s);
     //程序运行至此，说明服务器端和客户端已经建立了连接 如果有客户端发来数据，那么客户端就会自动发射一个readyread信号
     //我们就可以将该信号连接到自定义槽函数，读取客户端数据
     connect(s,&QTcpSocket::readyRead,this,&Widget::readyRead_slot);
 }

 //readRead信号对应的槽函数实现
void Widget::readyRead_slot()
{
    //遍历客户端容器，移除无效客户端
    for(int i=0;i<socketList.count();i++)
    {
        //判断连接状态
        if(socketList.at(i)->state()==0)
        {
            socketList.removeAt(i);//通过下标删除
        }
    }
    //遍历客户端容器，有哪些客户端有带读数据
    for(int i=0;i<socketList.count();i++)
    {
        //bytesAvailable()可以求出带读数据的大小
        if(socketList.at(i)->bytesAvailable()!=0)
        {
            //读取数据
            QByteArray msg=socketList.at(i)->readAll();
            //将读取到的数据放入ui界面上
            ui->listWidget->addItem(QString::fromLocal8Bit(msg));
            //将数据广播给所有人
            for(int j=0;j<socketList.count();j++)
            {
                socketList.at(j)->write(msg);
            }
        }
    }
}

*******************代码来自上海华清远见C++课程老师周锁琴************************