算法练习Day26 （Leetcode/Python-贪心算法）

122. Best Time to Buy and Sell Stock II

You are given an integer array prices where prices[i] is the price of a given stock on the ith day.

On each day, you may decide to buy and/or sell the stock. You can only hold at most one share of the stock at any time. However, you can buy it then immediately sell it on the same day.

Find and return the maximum profit you can achieve.

Example 1:

Input: prices = [7,1,5,3,6,4]
Output: 7
Explanation: Buy on day 2 (price = 1) and sell on day 3 (price = 5), profit = 5-1 = 4.
Then buy on day 4 (price = 3) and sell on day 5 (price = 6), profit = 6-3 = 3.
Total profit is 4 + 3 = 7.

思路：可以无数次买入卖出一支股票，求最大收益。那么只要每两天之间的股票是见涨的，就应该买入。用一个for循环遍历就可以了。

每两天是一个交易单元，局部最优->全局最优，即贪心算法。

class Solution(object):
    def maxProfit(self, prices):
        """
        :type prices: List[int]
        :rtype: int
        """
        result = 0
        if len(prices) <= 1:
            return result
        for i in range(1, len(prices)):
            result += max(0, prices[i]-prices[i-1])
        return result

55. Jump Game

You are given an integer array nums. You are initially positioned at the array's first index, and each element in the array represents your maximum jump length at that position.

Return true if you can reach the last index, or false otherwise.

Example 1:

Input: nums = [2,3,1,1,4]
Output: true
Explanation: Jump 1 step from index 0 to 1, then 3 steps to the last index.

思路：每次都可以跳<=当前格子数值的步数，判断最后是否可以到达终点。因为接下来小于等于当前格子数值的格子都是理论上可以到达的。那么就看最大的coverage是不是包含终点就可以了，不用纠结到底选择了哪一个格子。

class Solution(object):
    def canJump(self, nums):
        """
        :type nums: List[int]
        :rtype: bool
        """
        cover = 0 
        if len(nums) == 1: return True
        for i in range(len(nums)):
            if i <= cover:
                cover = max(i + nums[i], cover)
                if cover >= len(nums) - 1: return True
        return False