SpringMVC之:注解版 HelloWorld / 通用配置
- 创建 Maven 项目
- 在 pom.xml 中导入基本的依赖
- 建立子 module,并设置为 web 项目
- 在 web.xml 中配置 DispatcherServlet 和乱码过滤器
- 在 /src/main/resources 下创建相应的 springmvc-servlet.xml 文件
- 在 /src/main/java 下新建一个包 com.xxx.controller ,并创建一个 HelloController 类
- 在 web/WEB-INF 下新建 jsp 文件夹,并创建对应的 hello.jsp 文件
- 项目结构配置,新建一个lib文件夹,导入包
- 配置 Tomcat
- 运行程序,打开浏览器并输入对应的 url
创建一个SpringMVC程序的基本通用配置流程,可直接复制粘贴使用。
创建 Maven 项目
在 pom.xml 中导入基本的依赖
注意修改 artifactId 和 modules 标签里的内容
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<artifactId>Spring-MVC</artifactId>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<modules>
<module>springmvc-1</module>
</modules>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.3.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-aop -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>5.3.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-beans -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>5.3.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-core -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>5.3.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-web -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>5.3.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.3.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-expression -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
<version>5.3.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-logging/commons-logging -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<version>1.1.1</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
建立子 module,并设置为 web 项目
建完后右键 module:
在 web.xml 中配置 DispatcherServlet 和乱码过滤器
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!-- 配置 DispatcherServlet-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 配置 springmvc 的乱码过滤器-->
<filter>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
在 /src/main/resources 下创建相应的 springmvc-servlet.xml 文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- 自动扫描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.jackma.controller"/>
<!-- 过滤静态资源 -->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 自动注册 RequestMappingHandlerMapping 与 RequestMappingHandlerAdapter 两个 Bean -->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- 视图解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
id="internalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
在 /src/main/java 下新建一个包 com.xxx.controller ,并创建一个 HelloController 类
这个包要和 springmvc-servlet.xml 文件中配置的自动扫描的那个包名字相同:
package com.jackma.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
public class HelloController {
@RequestMapping("/h1")
public String hello(Model model){
model.addAttribute("msg", "Hello,SpringMVC!");
return "hello";
}
}
在 web/WEB-INF 下新建 jsp 文件夹,并创建对应的 hello.jsp 文件
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
${msg}
</body>
</html>
项目结构配置,新建一个lib文件夹,导入包
不配的话可能会出现404的错误
配置 Tomcat
运行程序,打开浏览器并输入对应的 url
成功!