HBase shell命令

目录

打错命令,按ctrl+Backspace

1.启动hbase

2.关闭hbase

3. HBase Shell

4.help命令

5.查看集群状态status

6.创建表

7.插入数据

8.查询数据

9.扫描列簇

10.扫描列簇的指定列

11.扫描指定范围

12.查看表结构

13.更新指定字段的数据

14.查看指定行的数据

15.查看指定列族的列的数据

16.查看行数

17.删除某 rowkey 行键的全部数据:

18.删除某 rowkey 的某一列数据:

19.列举所有表list 

20.表是否存在exists

 21.启用表enable和禁用表disable

22.清空表数据

23.删除表


打错命令,按ctrl+Backspace

1.启动hbase

start-hbase.sh

2.关闭hbase

stop-hbase.sh

3. HBase Shell

是官方提供的一组命令,用于操作HBase。如果配置了HBase的环境变量了,就可以输入hbase shell 命令进入命令行。

hbase shell

4.help命令

可以通过 help '命名名称'来查看命令行的具体使用,包括命令的作用和用法。
通过help ‘hbase’ 命名来查看hbase shell 支持的所有命令,hbase将命令进行分组,其中ddl、dml使用较多。

hbase(main):002:0> help 'hbase'
ERROR: Invalid command or command group name: hbase

HBase Shell, version 1.4.13, r38bf65a22b7e9320f07aeb27677e4533b9a77ef4, Sun Feb 23 02:06:36 PST 2020
Type 'help "COMMAND"', (e.g. 'help "get"' -- the quotes are necessary) for help on a specific command.
Commands are grouped. Type 'help "COMMAND_GROUP"', (e.g. 'help "general"') for help on a command group.

COMMAND GROUPS:
  Group name: general
  Commands: processlist, status, table_help, version, whoami

  Group name: ddl
  Commands: alter, alter_async, alter_status, create, describe, disable, disable_all, drop, drop_all, enable, enable_all, exists, get_table, is_disabled, is_enabled, list, list_regions, locate_region, show_filters

  Group name: namespace
  Commands: alter_namespace, create_namespace, describe_namespace, drop_namespace, list_namespace, list_namespace_tables

  Group name: dml
  Commands: append, count, delete, deleteall, get, get_counter, get_splits, incr, put, scan, truncate, truncate_preserve

  Group name: tools
  Commands: assign, balance_switch, balancer, balancer_enabled, catalogjanitor_enabled, catalogjanitor_run, catalogjanitor_switch, cleaner_chore_enabled, cleaner_chore_run, cleaner_chore_switch, clear_deadservers, close_region, compact, compact_rs, compaction_state, flush, is_in_maintenance_mode, list_deadservers, major_compact, merge_region, move, normalize, normalizer_enabled, normalizer_switch, split, splitormerge_enabled, splitormerge_switch, trace, unassign, wal_roll, zk_dump

  Group name: replication
  Commands: add_peer, append_peer_tableCFs, disable_peer, disable_table_replication, enable_peer, enable_table_replication, get_peer_config, list_peer_configs, list_peers, list_replicated_tables, remove_peer, remove_peer_tableCFs, set_peer_bandwidth, set_peer_tableCFs, show_peer_tableCFs, update_peer_config

  Group name: snapshots
  Commands: clone_snapshot, delete_all_snapshot, delete_snapshot, delete_table_snapshots, list_snapshots, list_table_snapshots, restore_snapshot, snapshot

  Group name: configuration
  Commands: update_all_config, update_config

  Group name: quotas
  Commands: list_quotas, set_quota

  Group name: security
  Commands: grant, list_security_capabilities, revoke, user_permission

  Group name: procedures
  Commands: abort_procedure, list_procedures

  Group name: visibility labels
  Commands: add_labels, clear_auths, get_auths, list_labels, set_auths, set_visibility

  Group name: rsgroup
  Commands: add_rsgroup, balance_rsgroup, get_rsgroup, get_server_rsgroup, get_table_rsgroup, list_rsgroups, move_servers_rsgroup, move_servers_tables_rsgroup, move_tables_rsgroup, remove_rsgroup, remove_servers_rsgroup

5.查看集群状态status

hbase(main):003:0> status
1 active master, 0 backup masters, 1 servers, 0 dead, 7.0000 average load

6.创建表

#语法
create '表名','列簇名'
#例如
hbase(main):014:0> create 'year','info'
0 row(s) in 1.2980 seconds

=> Hbase::Table - year

7.插入数据

#语法
put '表名','行键','列簇名','值'
#例如
# 第一行数据
hbase(main):015:0> put 'year', '1001', 'info:id', '1'
0 row(s) in 0.1320 seconds

hbase(main):016:0> put 'year', '1001', 'info:name', '张三'
0 row(s) in 0.0070 seconds

hbase(main):017:0> put 'year', '1001', 'info:age', '28'
0 row(s) in 0.0080 seconds
# 第二行数据
hbase(main):026:0> put 'year', '1002', 'info:id', '2'
0 row(s) in 0.0100 seconds

hbase(main):027:0> put 'year', '1002', 'info:name', '李四'
0 row(s) in 0.0050 seconds

hbase(main):028:0> put 'year', '1002', 'info:age', '20'
0 row(s) in 0.0040 seconds
# 第三行数据
hbase(main):029:0> put 'year', '1003', 'info:id', '3'
0 row(s) in 0.0120 seconds

hbase(main):030:0> put 'year', '1003', 'info:name', 'wangwu'
0 row(s) in 0.0070 seconds

hbase(main):031:0> put 'year', '1003', 'info:age', '16'
0 row(s) in 0.0140 seconds

8.查询数据

scan '表名'
hbase(main):032:0> scan 'year'
ROW                                 COLUMN+CELL                                                                                          
 1001                               column=info:age, timestamp=1650518056828, value=28                                                   
 1001                               column=info:id, timestamp=1650518051442, value=1                                                     
 1001                               column=info:name, timestamp=1650518051501, value=\xE5\xBC\xA0\xE4\xB8\x89                            
 1002                               column=info:age, timestamp=1650518373828, value=20                                                   
 1002                               column=info:id, timestamp=1650518373023, value=2                                                     
 1002                               column=info:name, timestamp=1650518373053, value=\xE6\x9D\x8E\xE5\x9B\x9B  #中文编码                          
 1003                               column=info:age, timestamp=1650518386062, value=16                                                   
 1003                               column=info:id, timestamp=1650518382621, value=3                                                     
 1003                               column=info:name, timestamp=1650518382650, value=wangwu                                              
3 row(s) in 0.0430 seconds

9.扫描列簇

# 语法
scan '表名', {COLUMN=>'列族名'}
# 例如
hbase(main):033:0> scan 'year',{COLUMN=>'info'}
ROW                                 COLUMN+CELL                                                                                          
 1001                               column=info:age, timestamp=1650518056828, value=28                                                   
 1001                               column=info:id, timestamp=1650518051442, value=1                                                     
 1001                               column=info:name, timestamp=1650518051501, value=\xE5\xBC\xA0\xE4\xB8\x89                            
 1002                               column=info:age, timestamp=1650518373828, value=20                                                   
 1002                               column=info:id, timestamp=1650518373023, value=2                                                     
 1002                               column=info:name, timestamp=1650518373053, value=\xE6\x9D\x8E\xE5\x9B\x9B                            
 1003                               column=info:age, timestamp=1650518386062, value=16                                                   
 1003                               column=info:id, timestamp=1650518382621, value=3                                                     
 1003                               column=info:name, timestamp=1650518382650, value=wangwu                                              
3 row(s) in 0.0360 seconds

10.扫描列簇的指定列

# 语法
scan '表名', {COLUMN=>'列族名:列名'}
#例如
hbase(main):034:0> scan 'year',{COLUMN=>'info:age'}
ROW                                 COLUMN+CELL                                                                                          
 1001                               column=info:age, timestamp=1650518056828, value=28                                                   
 1002                               column=info:age, timestamp=1650518373828, value=20                                                   
 1003                               column=info:age, timestamp=1650518386062, value=16                                                   
3 row(s) in 0.0310 seconds

11.扫描指定范围

hbase(main):035:0> scan 'year',{STARTROW => '1001', STOPROW => '1003'}  #前闭后开
ROW                                 COLUMN+CELL                                                                                          
 1001                               column=info:age, timestamp=1650518056828, value=28                                                   
 1001                               column=info:id, timestamp=1650518051442, value=1                                                     
 1001                               column=info:name, timestamp=1650518051501, value=\xE5\xBC\xA0\xE4\xB8\x89                            
 1002                               column=info:age, timestamp=1650518373828, value=20                                                   
 1002                               column=info:id, timestamp=1650518373023, value=2                                                     
 1002                               column=info:name, timestamp=1650518373053, value=\xE6\x9D\x8E\xE5\x9B\x9B                            
2 row(s) in 0.0310 seconds
hbase(main):036:0> scan 'year',{STARTROW => '1001'} 
ROW                                 COLUMN+CELL                                                                                          
 1001                               column=info:age, timestamp=1650518056828, value=28                                                   
 1001                               column=info:id, timestamp=1650518051442, value=1                                                     
 1001                               column=info:name, timestamp=1650518051501, value=\xE5\xBC\xA0\xE4\xB8\x89                            
 1002                               column=info:age, timestamp=1650518373828, value=20                                                   
 1002                               column=info:id, timestamp=1650518373023, value=2                                                     
 1002                               column=info:name, timestamp=1650518373053, value=\xE6\x9D\x8E\xE5\x9B\x9B                            
 1003                               column=info:age, timestamp=1650518386062, value=16                                                   
 1003                               column=info:id, timestamp=1650518382621, value=3                                                     
 1003                               column=info:name, timestamp=1650518382650, value=wangwu                                              
3 row(s) in 0.0620 seconds

12.查看表结构

#语法
descride '表名'
#例如
hbase(main):037:0> describe 'year'
Table year is ENABLED                                                                                                                    
year                                                                                                                                     
COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION                                                                                                              
{NAME => 'info', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE
', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'}   
1 row(s) in 0.0450 seconds

13.更新指定字段的数据

#语法
put '表名','行键','列簇名','值'
#例如
hbase(main):038:0> put 'year', '1001', 'info:id', '1'
0 row(s) in 0.0210 seconds

hbase(main):039:0> put 'year', '1001', 'info:name', 'zhangsan'
0 row(s) in 0.0120 seconds

hbase(main):040:0> put 'year', '1001', 'info:age', '22'
0 row(s) in 0.0080 seconds

hbase(main):041:0> scan 'year'
ROW                                      COLUMN+CELL                                                                                                        
 1001                                    column=info:age, timestamp=1650519485027, value=22                                                                 
 1001                                    column=info:id, timestamp=1650519483672, value=1                                                                   
 1001                                    column=info:name, timestamp=1650519483706, value=zhangsan                                                          
 1002                                    column=info:age, timestamp=1650518373828, value=20                                                                 
 1002                                    column=info:id, timestamp=1650518373023, value=2                                                                   
 1002                                    column=info:name, timestamp=1650518373053, value=\xE6\x9D\x8E\xE5\x9B\x9B                                          
 1003                                    column=info:age, timestamp=1650518386062, value=16                                                                 
 1003                                    column=info:id, timestamp=1650518382621, value=3                                                                   
 1003                                    column=info:name, timestamp=1650518382650, value=wangwu                                                            
3 row(s) in 0.0290 seconds

14.查看指定行的数据

#语法
get '表名','行键'
#例如
hbase(main):042:0> get 'year','1001'
COLUMN                                   CELL                                                                                                               
 info:age                                timestamp=1650519485027, value=22                                                                                  
 info:id                                 timestamp=1650519483672, value=1                                                                                   
 info:name                               timestamp=1650519483706, value=zhangsan                                                                            
1 row(s) in 0.0310 seconds

15.查看指定列族的列的数据

#语法
get '表名','行键','列簇名'
#例如
hbase(main):043:0> get 'year','1001','info:age'
COLUMN                                   CELL                                                                                                               
 info:age                                timestamp=1650519485027, value=22                                                                                  
1 row(s) in 0.0110 seconds

16.查看行数

#语法
count '表名'
#例如
hbase(main):044:0> count 'year'
3 row(s) in 0.0120 seconds

=> 3

17.删除某 rowkey 行键的全部数据:

#语法
deleteall '表名','行键'
#例如
hbase(main):045:0> deleteall 'year','1001'
0 row(s) in 0.0520 seconds

hbase(main):046:0> scan 'year'
ROW                                      COLUMN+CELL                                                                                                        
 1002                                    column=info:age, timestamp=1650518373828, value=20                                                                 
 1002                                    column=info:id, timestamp=1650518373023, value=2                                                                   
 1002                                    column=info:name, timestamp=1650518373053, value=\xE6\x9D\x8E\xE5\x9B\x9B                                          
 1003                                    column=info:age, timestamp=1650518386062, value=16                                                                 
 1003                                    column=info:id, timestamp=1650518382621, value=3                                                                   
 1003                                    column=info:name, timestamp=1650518382650, value=wangwu                                                            
2 row(s) in 0.0120 seconds

18.删除某 rowkey 的某一列数据:

#语法
deleteall '表名','行键','列簇名'
#例如
hbase(main):049:0> deleteall 'year','1002','info:id'
0 row(s) in 0.0050 seconds

hbase(main):050:0> scan 'year'
ROW                                      COLUMN+CELL                                                                                                        
 1002                                    column=info:age, timestamp=1650518373828, value=20                                                                 
 1002                                    column=info:name, timestamp=1650518373053, value=\xE6\x9D\x8E\xE5\x9B\x9B                                          
 1003                                    column=info:age, timestamp=1650518386062, value=16                                                                 
 1003                                    column=info:id, timestamp=1650518382621, value=3                                                                   
 1003                                    column=info:name, timestamp=1650518382650, value=wangwu                                                            
2 row(s) in 0.0160 seconds

19.列举所有表list 

hbase(main):051:0> list
TABLE                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
year                                                                                                                                                        
1 row(s) in 0.0110 seconds

=> ["year"]

20.表是否存在exists

# 语法 
exists '表名'
#例如
hbase(main):052:0> exists 'year'
Table year does exist                                                                                                                                       
0 row(s) in 0.0110 seconds

 21.启用表enable和禁用表disable

通过enable和disable来启用/禁用这个表,相应的可以通过is_enabled和is_disabled来检查表是否被禁用。

# 语法
enable '表名'
is_enabled '表名'

disable '表名'
is_disabled '表名'
#例如
hbase(main):053:0> enable 'year'
0 row(s) in 0.0190 seconds

hbase(main):054:0> is_enabled 'year'
true                                                                                                                                                        
0 row(s) in 0.0100 seconds

hbase(main):055:0> 
hbase(main):056:0* disable 'year'
0 row(s) in 2.2670 seconds

hbase(main):057:0> is_disabled 'year'
true                                                                                                                                                        
0 row(s) in 0.0320 seconds

22.清空表数据

#语法
先禁用表
才能清空数据
#例如
 disable 'year'
 turncate 'year'

23.删除表

#语法
先禁用表
才能删除表
#例如
 disable 'year'
 drop 'year'

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