c++中深拷贝和浅拷贝

首先我们举例浅拷贝

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class Student {
public:
     Student();
     ~Studnet();
private:
     int num;
     char *name;
}

Student::Student()
{
     name = new char(20);
     cout << "Student构造函数" << endl;
}
Student::~Student()
{
     delete name;
     name = nullptr;
     cout << "Studnet的析构函数" << (int)name << endl;
}
int main() {
Studnet s1;
Student s2(s1);
return 0;
}

会输出一个构造函数，两个析构函数，且两个析构函数地址相同

name指针开辟一次内存，但是被delete了两次，会导致程序崩溃；

系统会调用默认拷贝构造函数，把指针拷贝了一次，相当于两个指针指向同一个内存；

---

接下来是深拷贝

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Student
{
public:
     Student();
     ~Student();
     Student(const Student &s);
private:
     int num;
     char *name;
}
Student::Student()
{
     name = new char(10);
     cout << "Studnet的构造函数" << endl;
}
Student::~Student()
{
     delete name;
     name = nullptr;
     cout << "Student的析构函数" << (int)name << endl;
}
Student::Student(const Student &s)
{
     name = new char(20);
     memcpy(name, s.name, strlen(s.name));
     cout << "拷贝构造函数" << endl;
}
int main()
{
Studnet s1;
Student s2(s1);
return 0;
}

一次构造函数，一次拷贝构造韩式，两次析构函数，两次析构函数的地址不同