centos7 安装mysql

方法一

• 官网下载需要的版本：MySQL :: Download MySQL Community Server (Archived Versions)

• 删除以前安装的残留（如果有mariadb的也要删除）

 #查找mysql
 rpm -qa | grep mysql
 #查找mariadb
 rpm -qa |grep mariadb
 #没有则不用卸载，有则卸载
rpm -e --nodeps 名称

• 把下载好的mysql传至centos7

为了方便管理，我把mysql上传至新创建的mysql目录下；如果不会传送至centos7可以去下载finalshell等连接工具，当然如果自己的本机电脑是Linux系统就不需要

• 查看是否存在libaio

rpm -qa|grep libaio
#如果没有则进行安装
yum install -y libaio

• 解压

 tar -xf mysql-8.0.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

• 安装（有顺序要求）

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force
rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-8.0.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm  --nodeps --force
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force

• 启动MySQL服务

systemctl start mysqld

• 设置MySQL服务开机自启动。

systemctl enable mysqld

• 命令查看/var/log/mysqld.log文件，获取并记录root用户的初始密码。

grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

• 对MySQL进行安全性配置。

mysql_secure_installation

（1）重置密码

Enter password for user root: #输入已获取的root用户初始密码

The existing password for the user account root has expired. Please set a new password.

New password: #输入新的MySQL密码（密码安全性要求比较高，密码需要有大写字母、小写字母、数字、字符组合，；比如:Qkkf56439!）

Re-enter new password: #重复输入新的MySQL密码
The 'validate_password' component is installed on the server.
The subsequent steps will run with the existing configuration
of the component.
Using existing password for root.
Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :Y #输入Y选择更新MySQL密码。您也可以输入N不再更新MySQL密码。

New password: #输入新的MySQL密码

Re-enter new password: #重复输入新的MySQL密码

Estimated strength of the password: 100
Do you wish to continue with the password provided?(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :Y #输入Y确认使用已设置的密码。

（2）删除匿名用户。

By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.

Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :Y #输入Y删除MySQL默认的匿名用户。
Success.

（3）禁止root账号远程登录（出于安全考虑）

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :Y #输入Y禁止root远程登录。
Success.

（4）删除test库以及对test库的访问权限。

By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.


Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :Y #输入Y删除test库以及对test库的访问权限。
 - Dropping test database...
Success.

 - Removing privileges on test database...
Success.

（5）重新加载授权表。

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) :Y #输入Y重新加载授权表。
Success.

All done!

• 远程访问MySQL数据库

（1）登录

• mysql -uroot -p

（2）创建远程访问账户

mysql> create user 'dmsTest'@'%' identified by '123456'; #创建数据库用户dmsTest,并授予远程连接权限。
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'dmsTest'@'%'; #为dmsTest用户授权数据库所有权限。
mysql> flush privileges; #刷新权限。