14---实现文件上传和下载（头像上传功能）

1、建Files表

1. 接下来开始完成文件管理的内容，首先是数据库建Files表

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `file`;

CREATE TABLE `file` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'id',
  `name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '文件名称',
  `type` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '文件类型',
  `size` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '文件大小（kb）',
  `url` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '下载链接',
  `is_delete` tinyint(1) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '是否删除',
  `enable` tinyint(1) DEFAULT '1' COMMENT '是否禁用链接',
  `md5` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '文件md5',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=10 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

2. 在springboot中写实体类Files.java

@Data
@TableName("file")
public class Files {
    @TableId(type = IdType.AUTO)
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private String type;
    private Long size;
    private String url;
    private Boolean isDelete;
    private Boolean enable;
    private String md5;

}

3. FilesMapper.java

@Repository
public interface FileMapper extends BaseMapper<Files> {
}

4. FilesService.java

@Service
public class FilesService extends ServiceImpl<FilesMapper, Files> {
  
}

2、springboot实现文件上传

1. 在配置文件中配置上传文件存入磁盘位置

files:
  upload:
    path: D:/IDEA/后台管理系统/files/

2. FilesController.java

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/file")
public class FilesController {
    @Autowired
    private FilesService fileService;

    @Value("${files.upload.path}")
    private String fileUploadPath;

    @PostMapping("/upload")
    public String upload(@RequestParam MultipartFile file) throws IOException {
        String originalFilename = file.getOriginalFilename();
        String type = FileUtil.extName(originalFilename);
        long size = file.getSize();

        //定义一个文件唯一的标识码
        String uuid = IdUtil.fastSimpleUUID();
        String fileUuid = uuid + StrUtil.DOT + type;
        File uploadFile = new File(fileUploadPath + fileUuid);
        //判断配置的文件目录是否存在，若不存在则创建一个新的文件目录
        File parentFile = uploadFile.getParentFile();
        if (!parentFile.exists()) {
            parentFile.mkdirs();
        }
        String url;
       //上传文件到磁盘
        file.transferTo(uploadFile);

        //获取文件的md5
        String md5 = SecureUtil.md5(uploadFile);
        //从数据库查询是否存在相同的记录
        Files dbFiles = getFileMd5(md5);
        if (dbFiles!=null){
            url=dbFiles.getUrl();
            //由于文件已经存在，所以删除刚才上传的重复文件
            uploadFile.delete();
        }else {
            //数据库不存在重复文件，则不删除刚才上传的文件
            url="http://localhost:8081/file/"+fileUuid;
        }
        //存储数据库
        Files saveFile = new Files();
        saveFile.setName(originalFilename);
        saveFile.setType(type);
        saveFile.setSize(size/1024);  //从b转化为kb
        saveFile.setUrl(url);
        saveFile.setMd5(md5);
        fileService.save(saveFile);
        return url;



    }
}

• 打开swagger测试 --http://localhost:8081/swagger-ui.html

bug:打开swagger页面是，如果出现弹窗，无法打开swagger，可能是因为页面被拦截器拦截了，去拦截器中设置一下放行swagger就行：

InterceptorConfig.java

 .excludePathPatterns("/user/login","/user/register","/**/export","/**/import","/file/**","/swagger-resources/**"
                       ,"/webjars/**"
                       ,"/v2/**"
                       ,"/swagger-ui.html/**");  //拦截除登录注册、导入导出以外请求，通过判断token是否合法来决定是否需要登录  ,放行swagger
    }

• 测试

点击测试后，返回一串链接，即fileUuid，下面就写文件下载接口，来下载文件

3、springboot实现文件下载

 //文件下载接口  就是前面上传后返回的url：http://localhost:8081/file/{fileUuid}
    @GetMapping("/{fileUuid}")
    public void download(@PathVariable String fileUuid, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
       //根据文件的唯一标识码获取文件
        File uploadFile = new File(fileUploadPath + fileUuid);
        //设置输出流的格式
        ServletOutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
        response.addHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename="+ URLEncoder.encode(fileUuid,"UTF-8"));
        response.setContentType("application/octet-stream");

        //读取文件的字节流
        os.write(FileUtil.readBytes(uploadFile));
        os.flush();
        os.close();


    }

    //通过文件的md5查询文件
    private Files getFileMd5(String md5){
        //查询文件的md5是否存在
        QueryWrapper<Files>queryWrapper = new QueryWrapper<>();
        queryWrapper.eq("md5",md5);
        List<Files> filesList = fileService.list(queryWrapper);
        return filesList.size()==0?null:filesList.get(0);

    }

• 测试下载接口直接复制上面上传返回的链接，网站打开链接，便能启动下载。

http://localhost:8081/file/6b556321437b4c22ab61369cb920c142.jpg

4、Vue前端实现上传和下载

1. 写Files页面

Files.vue

<template>
    <div>
        <div style="padding:10px 0">
            <el-input style="width:200px" placeholder="请输入名称" suffix-icon="el-icon-search" v-model="name"></el-input>
            <el-button class="ml-5" type="primary" @click="load">搜索</el-button>
            <el-button  type="warning" @click="reset">重置</el-button>
        </div>
            <div style="margin:10px 0">
        <el-upload action="http://localhost:8081/file/upload" :show-file-list="false" :on-success="handleFileUploadSuccess" style="display:inline-block">
            <el-button type="primary" class="ml-5">上传文件<i class="el-icon-top"></i></el-button>
        </el-upload>
        <el-popconfirm
                class="ml-5"
                confirm-button-text='确定'
                cancel-button-text='我再想想'
                icon="el-icon-info"
                icon-color="red"
                title="您确定要删除这些内容吗？"
                @confirm="delBatch"
          >
          <el-button type="danger"  slot="reference">批量删除<i class="el-icon-remove-outline"></i></el-button>
          </el-popconfirm>
    </div>


    <el-table :data="tableData" border stripe :header-cell-calss-name="'headerBg'"    @selection-change="handleSelectionChange">
    <el-table-column type="selection" width="55"></el-table-column>
      <el-table-column prop="id" label="ID" width="80"></el-table-column>
       <el-table-column prop="name" label="文件名称" ></el-table-column>
       <el-table-column prop="type" label="文件类型" ></el-table-column>
       <el-table-column prop="size" label="文件大小(kb)" ></el-table-column>
       <el-table-column label="下载" >
        <template slot-scope="scope">
            <el-button type="primary" @click="download(scope.row.url)">下载</el-button>
        </template>
       </el-table-column>
       <el-table-column prop="enable" label="启用">
        <template slot-scope="scope">
            <el-switch v-model="scope.row.enable" active-color="#13ce66" inactive-color="#ccc" @change="changeEnable(scope.row)"></el-switch>
        </template>

       </el-table-column>
       <el-table-column label="操作" width="200" align="center">
         <template slot-scope="scope" >
          <el-popconfirm
                class="ml-5"
                confirm-button-text='确定'
                cancel-button-text='我再想想'
                icon="el-icon-info"
                icon-color="red"
                title="您确定要删除吗？"
                @confirm="handleDelete(scope.row.id)"
          >
          <el-button type="danger" slot="reference">删除<i class="el-icon-remove-outline"></i></el-button>
          </el-popconfirm>
         </template>
       </el-table-column>
     </el-table>
     <div style="padding:10px 0">
       <el-pagination
       @size-change="handleSizeChange"
       @current-change="handleCurrentChange"
         :current-page="pageNum"
         :page-sizes="[2, 4, 6, 10]"
         :page-size="pageSize"
         layout="total, sizes, prev, pager, next, jumper"
         :total="total">
       </el-pagination>
     </div>

    </div>
</template>

<script>

export default {

    name: "File",
    data(){
        return{
            tableData:[],
            name:'',
            multipleSelection:[],
            pageNum:1,
            pageSize:10,
            total:0
        }
    },
    created(){
        this.load()
    },
    methods:{
        load(){
      this.request.get("/file/page",{
        params:{
        pageNum:this.pageNum,
        pageSize:this.pageSize,
        name:this.name

      }
        }).then(res=>{
        console.log(res)
        this.tableData=res.data.records
        this.total=res.data.total 
      })
     },

     changeEnable(row){
        this.request.post("/file/update",row).then(res =>{
            if(res.code==='200'){
                this.$message.success("操作成功");
            }
        })

     },




     handleDelete(id){
      this.request.delete("/file/" + id).then(res=>{
        if(res.code==='200'){
          this.$message.success("删除成功!")
          this.load()
        }else{
          this.$message.error("删除失败！")
        }
      })
     },
     delBatch(){
      let ids=this.multipleSelection.map(v => v.id)  //把对象数组转化为id数组【1,2,3】
      this.request.post("/file/del/batch",ids).then(res=>{
        if(res.code==='200'){
          this.$message.success("批量删除成功!")
          this.load()
        }else{
          this.$message.error("批量删除失败！")
        }
      })

     },
     handleSelectionChange(val){
      this.multipleSelection=val



     },
     reset(){
      this.name=""
      this.load()

     },
    
     handleSizeChange(pageSize){
      this.pageSize=pageSize
      this.load()
     },
     handleCurrentChange(pageNum){
      this.pageNum=pageNum
      this.load()
     },
     handleFileUploadSuccess(res){
        console.log(res)
        this.load()

     },
     download(url){
        window.open(url)
     }

    }
}
</script>

<style scoped>

</style>

2. 注册路由

  {
        path:'file',
        name:'文件管理',
        component:()=>import('../views/Files.vue')
      }

写在home的子路由下

3. 实现增删改查功能，代码在上面Files.vue里

4. 去后端写文件增删改查接口

FilesController

 //分页查询
    @GetMapping("/page")
    public Result findPage(@RequestParam Integer pageNum,
                           @RequestParam Integer pageSize,
                           @RequestParam(defaultValue = "") String name){
        return Result.success(fileService.findPage(pageNum,pageSize,name));

    }

    //删除
    @DeleteMapping("/{id}")
    public Result delete(@PathVariable Integer id){
        Files files = fileService.getById(id);
        files.setIsDelete(true);
        fileService.updateById(files);
        return Result.success();
    }

    //批量删除
    @PostMapping ("/del/batch")
    public Result deleteBatch(@RequestBody List<Integer>ids){
        QueryWrapper<Files>queryWrapper=new QueryWrapper<>();
        queryWrapper.in("id",ids);
        List<Files> files = fileService.list(queryWrapper);
        for (Files file :files ) {
            file.setIsDelete(true);
            fileService.updateById(file);

        }
        return Result.success();
    }

    //更新一个字段
    @PostMapping("/update")
    public Result save(@RequestBody Files files){
        return Result.success(fileService.updateById(files));
    }

FilesService

 public IPage<Files> findPage(Integer pageNum,
                                Integer pageSize,
                                String  name) {
        QueryWrapper<Files> queryWrapper=new QueryWrapper<>();
        //查询未删除的记录
        queryWrapper.eq("is_delete",false);
        queryWrapper.orderByDesc("id");
        if (! "".equals(name)){
            queryWrapper.like("name",name);
        }
        return this.page(new Page<>(pageNum,pageSize),queryWrapper);
    }

5. 在页面上测试上传下载，增删改查功能

测试功能正常，成功~

5、实现用户头像上传

1. 首先需要在数据库user表字段中添加一个avatarUrl的字段

2. 在实体类User中添加avatarUrl属性对应

public class User {
    @TableId(type = IdType.AUTO)
    private Integer id;
    private String username;
//密码可以不展示， @JsonIgnore 意思就是给前端传数据时忽略某个字段
    @JsonIgnore
    private String password;
    private String nickname;
    private String email;
    private String phone;
    private String address;
    private String avatarUrl;
}

3. 在前端Header页面中修改，昵称旁边要有头像的位置

Header.vue

 <div style="display:inline-block">
            <img :src="user.avatarUrl" alt=""
                style="width:30px;border-radius: 50%;position:relative;top: 10px; right: 5px">
            <span>{{user.nickname}}</span><i class="el-icon-arrow-down" style="margin-left:5px"></i>

        </div>

4. 在Person.vue里，添加上传头像功能

<template>
   <el-card style="width:500px;padding:20px;">
    <el-form label-width="80px" size="small">
      <el-upload
        class="avatar-uploader"
        action="http://localhost:8081/file/upload"
        :show-file-list="false"
        :on-success="handleAvatarSuccess">
        <img v-if="form.avatarUrl" :src="form.avatarUrl" class="avatar">
        <i v-else class="el-icon-plus avatar-uploader-icon"></i>
      </el-upload>
          <el-form-item label="用户名" >
            <el-input v-model="form.username" autocomplete="off" disabled ></el-input>
          </el-form-item>
          <el-form-item label="昵称" >
            <el-input v-model="form.nickname" autocomplete="off"></el-input>
          </el-form-item>
          <el-form-item label="邮箱" >
            <el-input v-model="form.email" autocomplete="off"></el-input>
          </el-form-item>
          <el-form-item label="电话" >
            <el-input v-model="form.phone" autocomplete="off"></el-input>
          </el-form-item>
          <el-form-item label="地址" >
            <el-input v-model="form.address" autocomplete="off"></el-input>
          </el-form-item>
          <el-form-item>
            <el-button type="primary" @click="save">确 定</el-button>
          </el-form-item>
        </el-form>
   </el-card>
</template>

<script>
export default{
    name:"Person",
    data(){
        return{
            form:{},
            user:localStorage.getItem("user")?JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem("user")):{}
        }
    },
    created(){
       this.getUser().then(res=>{
        console.log(res)
        this.form=res
          
        })
    },
    methods:{
      async getUser(){
        return (await this.request.get("/user/username/"+this.user.username)).data
      },
      save(){
        this.request.post("/user",this.form).then(res=>{
          if(res.code==='200'){
            this.$message.success("保存成功!")
            //更新浏览器存储的用户信息
            this.getUser().then(res=>{
              res.token=JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem("user")).token
              localStorage.setItem("user",JSON.stringify(res))
            })
          }else{
            this.$message.error("保存失败！")
        }
      })

    },
    handleAvatarSuccess(res){
      this.form.avatarUrl=res

    }


    }
}

</script>

<style>

  .avatar-uploader{
    text-align: center;
    padding-bottom: 10px;
  }
  .avatar-uploader .el-upload {
    border: 1px dashed #d9d9d9;
    border-radius: 6px;
    cursor: pointer;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
  }
  .avatar-uploader .el-upload:hover {
    border-color: #409EFF;
  }
  .avatar-uploader-icon {
    font-size: 28px;
    color: #8c939d;
    width: 138px;
    height: 138px;
    line-height: 138px;
    text-align: center;
  }
  .avatar {
    width: 138px;
    height: 138px;
    display: block;
  }
</style>

5. 测试

上传一张新的图片，并保存，刷新页面，看头像是否更新。更新则成功完成！（记住要和数据库files表中已经有的图片不一样）