字符串与字符函数

1.模拟实现strcpy()

#include<stdio.h>
#include<assert.h>

char* my_strcpy(char* dest,const char* src)
{
	assert(dest && src);
	char* ret = dest;
		while (*dest++ = *src++)
			{
			;
		}
		return ret;
}

int main()
{
	char arr1[] = "xxxxxxxxxx";
	char arr2[] = "abc";
	my_strcpy(arr1, arr2);
	printf("%s", my_strcpy(arr1, arr2));
 	return 0;
}

2.模拟实现strcat()

//strcat返回的是目标空间的起始地址
 
char* my_strcat(char* dest, const char* src)
{
	assert(dest && src);
	char* ret = dest;
	//1.找到目标字符串的末尾的\0
	while (*dest)
	{
		dest++;
	}
	//2.追加源字符串直到\0
	while(*dest++ =*src++)
	{
		;
	}

	return ret;
}

int main()
{
	char arr1[20] = "abc";
	char arr2[] = { 'd','e','f','\0' };
	printf("%s\n", my_strcat(arr1, arr2));//abcdef
	return 0;
}

3.模拟实现strcmp()

int my_strcmp(const char* s1, const char* s2)
{
	assert(s1 && s2);
	while (*s1 == *s2)
	{
		if (*s1 == '\0')
		{
			return 0;
		}
		s1++;
		s2++;
	}
	return *s1 - *s2;
}

int main()
{
	//strcmp 是比较字符串的，比较的是字符串的内容，不是长度

	char arr1[] = "abcq";
	char arr2[] = "abcwq";
	int ret = my_strcmp(arr1, arr2);
	if (ret < 0)
		printf("<\n");
	else if (ret == 0)
		printf("=\n");
	else
		printf(">\n");

	return 0;
}

4.模拟实现strstr()

//strstr - 字符串查找函数
//在一个字符串中查找子字符串
char* my_strstr(const char* str1, const char* str2)
{
	assert(str1 && str2);
	char* s1;
	char* s2;
	char* cp = str1;

	if (*str2 == '\0')
		return str1;

	while (*cp)
	{
		s1 = cp;
		s2 = str2;

		while (*s1 && *s2 && *s1 == *s2)
		{
			s1++;
			s2++;
		}
		if (*s2 == '\0')
		{
			return cp;
		}
		cp++;
	}
	//找不到
	return NULL;
}

int main()
{
	char arr1[] = "i am a good student, yeah";
	char arr2[] = "student";
	//查找arr1中arr2第一次出现的位置
	char* ret = my_strstr(arr1, arr2);
	if (ret == NULL)
	{
		printf("找不到\n");
	}
	else
	{
		printf("%s\n", ret);
	}
	return 0;
}

5.运用strtok()

int main()
{
	char arr1[] = "@its-liu-feng";
	char arr2[100] = { '0' };//临时数据
	char sep[] =  "@-";
	strcpy(arr2, arr1);
	char* ret = NULL;
	//分割字符串
	for (ret = strtok(arr2, sep); ret != NULL; ret = strtok(NULL, sep))
	{
		printf("%s\n", ret);
	}
	return 0;
}

6.模拟memcpy()

void* my_memcpy(void* dest, const void* src, size_t count)
{
	void* ret = dest;
	assert(dest && src);

	while (count--)
	{
		*(char*)dest = *(char*)src;
		dest = (char*)dest + 1;
		src = (char*)src + 1;
	}
	return ret;
}

模拟memmove()

void* my_memmove(void* dest, const void* src, size_t count)
{
	void* ret = dest;
	assert(dest && src);
    
	if (dest < src)
	{
	    //前->后
		while (count--)
		{
			*(char*)dest = *(char*)src;
			dest = (char*)dest + 1;
			src = (char*)src + 1;
		}
	}
	else
	    后->前
		while (count--)
		{
			*((char*)dest + count) = *((char*)src + count);
		}
	return ret;
}


int main()
{
	int arr[10] = { 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 };
	my_memmove(arr, arr + 2, 16);
	return 0;
}

运行memcmp（）

int main()
{
	int arr1[] = { 1,2,3,4 };//01 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 03 00 00 00
	int arr2[] = { 1,2,4,5 };//01 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 04 00 00 00
	int ret = memcmp(arr1, arr2, 13); // 03 < 04 
	
	printf("%d\n", ret); // <0

	return 0;
}

测试memset()

int main()
{
	int arr[] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 };
	memset(arr, 1, 24);//arr数组的24个字节的每个都变成01

	return 0;
}

测试strerror()

#include <string.h>

int main()
{
	//打开文件
	 
	//以只读形式打开test.txt，但是并没有创建，所以返回一个空指针
	FILE* pf = fopen("test.txt", "r"); 
	if (pf == NULL)
	{
		//printf("%s\n", strerror(error));
		//C语言函数调用失败的时候，会把错误码，存储到error变量中 
		
		//perror相当于打印+strerror（error)
		perror("测试"); //测试: No such file or directory
		//
	}

	return 0;
}