SpringMVC基础解析之Converter

HttpMessageConverter

报文信息转换器，将请求报文转换为java对象，或将Java对象转换为响应报文

   1.@RequestBody

可以获取请求体，需要在控制器方法设置一个形参，使用@RequestBody进行标识，
    当前请求的请求体就会为当前注解所标识的形参赋值

     <form th:action="@{/testRequestBody}" method="post">
        <fieldset>
            <legend>测试@RequestBody</legend>
            用户名：<input type="text" name="username" ><br>
            密码：<input type="password" name="password"><br>
            <input type="submit">
        </fieldset>
    </form>

    @RequestMapping("/testRequestBody")
    public String testRequestBody(@RequestBody String requestBody){
        System.out.println(requestBody);
        return "success";
    }

 输出结果：username=admin&password=123

   2.@ResponseBody

  用于标识一个控制器方法，可以在该方法的返回值直接作为响应报文的响应体相应到浏览器

    @RequestMapping(value = "/testResponseBody",produces = "application/json;charset=utf-8")
    @ResponseBody
    public String testResponseBody(){
        return "今天星期二";
    }

    produces = "application/json;charset=utf-8"处理响应体中文乱码问题

   3.RequestEntity

 封装请求报文的一种类型，需要在控制器方法的形参中设置该类型的形参，
    当前请求的请求报文就会赋值给该形参，就可以通过getHeaders()获取请求头信息，
    通过getBody()获取请求体信息

    <form th:action="@{/testRequestEntity}" method="post">
        <fieldset>
            <legend>测试RequestEntity</legend>
            用户名：<input type="text" name="username" ><br>
            密码：<input type="password" name="password"><br>
            <input type="submit">
        </fieldset>
    </form>

     @RequestMapping("/testRequestEntity")
    public String testRequestEntity(RequestEntity<String> requestEntity){
        System.out.println("requestHeader:" + requestEntity.getHeaders());
        System.out.println("requestBody:" + requestEntity.getBody());
        return "success";
    }

    输出结果
//        requestHeader[host:"localhost:8080", connection:"keep-alive",
//        content-length:"27", cache-control:"max-age=0",
//        sec-ch-ua:""Chromium";v="112", "Microsoft Edge";v="112",
//        "Not:A-Brand";v="99"", sec-ch-ua-mobile:"?0",
//        sec-ch-ua-platform:""Windows"", upgrade-insecure-requests:"1",
//        origin:"http://localhost:8080",
//        user-agent:"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/112.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/112.0.1722.34",
//        accept:"text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7", sec-fetch-site:"same-origin", sec-fetch-mode:"navigate", sec-fetch-user:"?1", sec-fetch-dest:"document", referer:"http://localhost:8080/springMVC_06_Converter_war/", accept-encoding:"gzip, deflate, br", accept-language:"zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8,en-GB;q=0.7,en-US;q=0.6", cookie:"Idea-adfcd06e=853c44ef-1c56-4446-aea2-437cb50adfbb", Content-Type:"application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8"]
//        requestBodyusername=admin&password=123

    4.ResponseEntity

 用于控制器方法的返回值类型，该控制器方法的返回值就是响应到浏览器的响应报文

    5.SpringMVC处理json

  @ResponseBody处理json步骤

1.导入jackson的依赖

  <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.14.1</version>
        </dependency>

2.在springMVC核心配置文件中开启mvc注解驱动，此时在HandlerAdaptor中
        会自动装配一个消息转换器：MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter,可以将
        响应到浏览器的java对象转换为json格式的字符串

  <!--    开启注解驱动-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven>

  3.在处理器方法上使用@ResponseBody注解进行标识

  4.将java对象直接作为控制器的返回值返回，就会自动的将其转换为json格式的字符串

  @RequestMapping("/testResponseUser")
        @ResponseBody
        public User testResponseUser(){
            return new User(1001,"admin","123456",23,"男");
        }