JDK和CGLIB动态代理的简单使用和底层分析

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-27 18:56:24 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-05-27 18:56:24 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_56642345/article/details/128107748

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java 开发语言后端

1.JDK动态代理

JDk动态代理是由Java官方提供的动态代理实现方式

依赖于reflect包下的InvocationHandler接口和Method以及Proxy

1.1、JDK动态代理的简单使用

前期准备

1.业务接口

public interface StudentService {
    int query();
    int save();
}

2.业务实现类

public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService {

    @Override
    public int query() {
        System.out.println("开始查询操作");
        return 10;
    }

    @Override
    public int save() {
        System.out.println("开始保存操作");
        return 10;
    }
}

3.增强类

public class StudentDao {

    public void transaction(){
        System.out.println("开始事务");
    }

    public void closeTransaction(){
        System.out.println("关闭事务");
    }

}

实现InvocationHandler接口实现方法增强

public class TransactionHandler implements InvocationHandler {

    private StudentDao dao;
    private StudentServiceImpl student;

    public TransactionHandler(StudentDao dao, StudentServiceImpl student) {
        this.dao = dao;
        this.student = student;
    }

    @Override
    public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
        Object o;
        if("save".equals(method.getName())){
            //此处实现save()方法增强
            dao.transaction();
            o = method.invoke(student, null);
            dao.closeTransaction();
        } else {
            o = method.invoke(student, null);
        }
        return o;
    }
}

测试

public class MyTest {

    @Test
    public void StudentMain(){
        TransactionHandler handler = new TransactionHandler(new StudentDao(), new StudentServiceImpl());
        //生成代理对象
        StudentService studnetService = (StudentService) Proxy.newProxyInstance(StudentServiceImpl.class.getClassLoader(), StudentServiceImpl.class.getInterfaces(), handler);
        //执行save()方法
        studnetService.save();
        //执行query()方法
        studnetService.query();
        //该方法用于输出jdk产生的代理类
        saveProxyClass("--参数为代理类的输出路径（绝对路径）--");
    }

    public void saveProxyClass(String path){
        byte[] $Proxy1s = ProxyGenerator.generateProxyClass("$Proxy1", StudentServiceImpl.class.getInterfaces());
        try(FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(new File(path + "$Proxy1s.class"))) {
            outputStream.write($Proxy1s);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

}

测试结果

在这里插入图片描述

1.2、JDK动态代理底层分析

通过以上测试类的saveProxyClass方法生成如下代理类：

//
// Source code recreated from a .class file by IntelliJ IDEA
// (powered by FernFlower decompiler)
//

import JDK.service.StudentService;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationHandler;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
import java.lang.reflect.UndeclaredThrowableException;

/*
*本类实例对象是调用Proxy.newProxyInstance()方法后产生
*/
public final class $Proxy1 extends Proxy implements StudentService {
    private static Method m1;
    private static Method m3;
    private static Method m4;
    private static Method m2;
    private static Method m0;

    public $Proxy1(InvocationHandler var1) throws  {
        super(var1);
    }

    public final boolean equals(Object var1) throws  {
        try {
            return (Boolean)super.h.invoke(this, m1, new Object[]{var1});
        } catch (RuntimeException | Error var3) {
            throw var3;
        } catch (Throwable var4) {
            throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var4);
        }
    }

    //代理类产生的save()方法
    public final int save() throws  {
        try {
            /*
            * h: InvocationHandler实例对象
            * m3: 本类静态块加载，m3 = Class.forName("JDK.service.StudentService").getMethod("save");
            * Object[]: save()方法参数数组
            */
            return (Integer)super.h.invoke(this, m3, (Object[])null);
        } catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) {
            throw var2;
        } catch (Throwable var3) {
            throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3);
        }
    }

    //代理类产生的query()方法
    public final int query() throws  {
        try {
            return (Integer)super.h.invoke(this, m4, (Object[])null);
        } catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) {
            throw var2;
        } catch (Throwable var3) {
            throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3);
        }
    }

    public final String toString() throws  {
        try {
            return (String)super.h.invoke(this, m2, (Object[])null);
        } catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) {
            throw var2;
        } catch (Throwable var3) {
            throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3);
        }
    }

    public final int hashCode() throws  {
        try {
            return (Integer)super.h.invoke(this, m0, (Object[])null);
        } catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) {
            throw var2;
        } catch (Throwable var3) {
            throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3);
        }
    }

    static {
        try {
            m1 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("equals", Class.forName("java.lang.Object"));
            m3 = Class.forName("JDK.service.StudentService").getMethod("save");
            m4 = Class.forName("JDK.service.StudentService").getMethod("query");
            m2 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("toString");
            m0 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object").getMethod("hashCode");
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException var2) {
            throw new NoSuchMethodError(var2.getMessage());
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException var3) {
            throw new NoClassDefFoundError(var3.getMessage());
        }
    }
}

关键代码

public final int save() throws  {
    try {
        return (Integer)super.h.invoke(this, m3, (Object[])null);
    } catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) {
        throw var2;
    } catch (Throwable var3) {
        throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3);
    }
}

public final int query() throws  {
    try {
        return (Integer)super.h.invoke(this, m4, (Object[])null);
    } catch (RuntimeException | Error var2) {
        throw var2;
    } catch (Throwable var3) {
        throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(var3);
    }
}

从以上JDK自动生成的代理类可以看出，这个代理类是通过继承Proxy类和实现被代理类的所有接口生成的，当我们通过代理类调用save()方法的时候，实际是执行了super.h.invoke(this, m3, (Object[])null)，查看下图中Proxy类的源码，我们可以发现，h就是InvocationHandler，
在这里插入图片描述

而TransactionHandler类实现了InvocationHandler接口，因此调用的便是TransactionHandler中我们实现的invoke()方法。

总结

JDK动态代理通过继承Proxy类和实现被代理类的所有实现接口生成代理类，再通过反射实现方法调用，因此，JDK动态代理只能进行接口代理。

2.Cglib动态代理

2.1、Cglib动态代理的简单使用

前期准备

1.业务接口

public interface StudentService {
    int query();
    int save();
}

2.业务实现类

public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService {

    @Override
    public int query() {
        System.out.println("开始查询操作");
        return 10;
    }

    @Override
    public int save() {
        System.out.println("开始保存操作");
        return 10;
    }
}

3.增强类

public class StudentDao {

    public void transaction(){
        System.out.println("开始事务");
    }

    public void closeTransaction(){
        System.out.println("关闭事务");
    }

}

实现MethodInterceptor接口实现方法增强

public class CglibInterceptor implements MethodInterceptor {

    private StudentDao dao;

    public CglibInterceptor(StudentDao dao) {
        this.dao = dao;
    }

    @Override
    public Object intercept(Object o, Method method, Object[] objects, MethodProxy methodProxy) throws Throwable {
        Object obj;
        if("save".equals(method.getName())){
            dao.transaction();
            obj = methodProxy.invokeSuper(o, objects);
            dao.closeTransaction();
        } else {
            obj = methodProxy.invokeSuper(o, objects);
        }


        return obj;
    }
}

测试

public void StudentMain(){
    	//输出Cglib产生的代理类
        System.setProperty(DebuggingClassWriter.DEBUG_LOCATION_PROPERTY, "--参数为代理类的输出路径（绝对路径）--");
        CglibInterceptor interceptor = new CglibInterceptor(new StudentDao());
        Enhancer enhancer = new Enhancer();
        enhancer.setSuperclass(StudentServiceImpl.class);
        enhancer.setCallback(interceptor);
        StudentService student = (StudentService) enhancer.create();
        student.save();
        student.query();
    }

测试结果

在这里插入图片描述

2.2、Cglib动态代理的简单使用

Cglib动态代理生成的代理类：

//
// Source code recreated from a .class file by IntelliJ IDEA
// (powered by FernFlower decompiler)
//

package CGLIB.service.Impl;

import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import net.sf.cglib.core.ReflectUtils;
import net.sf.cglib.core.Signature;
import net.sf.cglib.proxy.Callback;
import net.sf.cglib.proxy.Factory;
import net.sf.cglib.proxy.MethodInterceptor;
import net.sf.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy;

public class StudentServiceImpl$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$d8b55a1a extends StudentServiceImpl implements Factory {
    private boolean CGLIB$BOUND;
    public static Object CGLIB$FACTORY_DATA;
    private static final ThreadLocal CGLIB$THREAD_CALLBACKS;
    private static final Callback[] CGLIB$STATIC_CALLBACKS;
    private MethodInterceptor CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
    private static Object CGLIB$CALLBACK_FILTER;
    private static final Method CGLIB$save$0$Method;
    private static final MethodProxy CGLIB$save$0$Proxy;
    private static final Object[] CGLIB$emptyArgs;
    private static final Method CGLIB$query$1$Method;
    private static final MethodProxy CGLIB$query$1$Proxy;
    private static final Method CGLIB$equals$2$Method;
    private static final MethodProxy CGLIB$equals$2$Proxy;
    private static final Method CGLIB$toString$3$Method;
    private static final MethodProxy CGLIB$toString$3$Proxy;
    private static final Method CGLIB$hashCode$4$Method;
    private static final MethodProxy CGLIB$hashCode$4$Proxy;
    private static final Method CGLIB$clone$5$Method;
    private static final MethodProxy CGLIB$clone$5$Proxy;

    static void CGLIB$STATICHOOK1() {
        CGLIB$THREAD_CALLBACKS = new ThreadLocal();
        CGLIB$emptyArgs = new Object[0];
        Class var0 = Class.forName("CGLIB.service.Impl.StudentServiceImpl$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$d8b55a1a");
        Class var1;
        Method[] var10000 = ReflectUtils.findMethods(new String[]{"equals", "(Ljava/lang/Object;)Z", "toString", "()Ljava/lang/String;", "hashCode", "()I", "clone", "()Ljava/lang/Object;"}, (var1 = Class.forName("java.lang.Object")).getDeclaredMethods());
        CGLIB$equals$2$Method = var10000[0];
        CGLIB$equals$2$Proxy = MethodProxy.create(var1, var0, "(Ljava/lang/Object;)Z", "equals", "CGLIB$equals$2");
        CGLIB$toString$3$Method = var10000[1];
        CGLIB$toString$3$Proxy = MethodProxy.create(var1, var0, "()Ljava/lang/String;", "toString", "CGLIB$toString$3");
        CGLIB$hashCode$4$Method = var10000[2];
        CGLIB$hashCode$4$Proxy = MethodProxy.create(var1, var0, "()I", "hashCode", "CGLIB$hashCode$4");
        CGLIB$clone$5$Method = var10000[3];
        CGLIB$clone$5$Proxy = MethodProxy.create(var1, var0, "()Ljava/lang/Object;", "clone", "CGLIB$clone$5");
        var10000 = ReflectUtils.findMethods(new String[]{"save", "()I", "query", "()I"}, (var1 = Class.forName("CGLIB.service.Impl.StudentServiceImpl")).getDeclaredMethods());
        CGLIB$save$0$Method = var10000[0];
        CGLIB$save$0$Proxy = MethodProxy.create(var1, var0, "()I", "save", "CGLIB$save$0");
        CGLIB$query$1$Method = var10000[1];
        CGLIB$query$1$Proxy = MethodProxy.create(var1, var0, "()I", "query", "CGLIB$query$1");
    }

    final int CGLIB$save$0() {
        return super.save();
    }

    public final int save() {
        MethodInterceptor var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
        if (var10000 == null) {
            CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this);
            var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
        }

        if (var10000 != null) {
            Object var1 = var10000.intercept(this, CGLIB$save$0$Method, CGLIB$emptyArgs, CGLIB$save$0$Proxy);
            return var1 == null ? 0 : ((Number)var1).intValue();
        } else {
            return super.save();
        }
    }

    final int CGLIB$query$1() {
        return super.query();
    }

    public final int query() {
        MethodInterceptor var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
        if (var10000 == null) {
            CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this);
            var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
        }

        if (var10000 != null) {
            Object var1 = var10000.intercept(this, CGLIB$query$1$Method, CGLIB$emptyArgs, CGLIB$query$1$Proxy);
            return var1 == null ? 0 : ((Number)var1).intValue();
        } else {
            return super.query();
        }
    }

    final boolean CGLIB$equals$2(Object var1) {
        return super.equals(var1);
    }

    public final boolean equals(Object var1) {
        MethodInterceptor var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
        if (var10000 == null) {
            CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this);
            var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
        }

        if (var10000 != null) {
            Object var2 = var10000.intercept(this, CGLIB$equals$2$Method, new Object[]{var1}, CGLIB$equals$2$Proxy);
            return var2 == null ? false : (Boolean)var2;
        } else {
            return super.equals(var1);
        }
    }

    final String CGLIB$toString$3() {
        return super.toString();
    }

    public final String toString() {
        MethodInterceptor var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
        if (var10000 == null) {
            CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this);
            var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
        }

        return var10000 != null ? (String)var10000.intercept(this, CGLIB$toString$3$Method, CGLIB$emptyArgs, CGLIB$toString$3$Proxy) : super.toString();
    }

    final int CGLIB$hashCode$4() {
        return super.hashCode();
    }

    public final int hashCode() {
        MethodInterceptor var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
        if (var10000 == null) {
            CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this);
            var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
        }

        if (var10000 != null) {
            Object var1 = var10000.intercept(this, CGLIB$hashCode$4$Method, CGLIB$emptyArgs, CGLIB$hashCode$4$Proxy);
            return var1 == null ? 0 : ((Number)var1).intValue();
        } else {
            return super.hashCode();
        }
    }

    final Object CGLIB$clone$5() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        return super.clone();
    }

    protected final Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        MethodInterceptor var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
        if (var10000 == null) {
            CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this);
            var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
        }

        return var10000 != null ? var10000.intercept(this, CGLIB$clone$5$Method, CGLIB$emptyArgs, CGLIB$clone$5$Proxy) : super.clone();
    }

    public static MethodProxy CGLIB$findMethodProxy(Signature var0) {
        String var10000 = var0.toString();
        switch(var10000.hashCode()) {
        case -1166709344:
            if (var10000.equals("query()I")) {
                return CGLIB$query$1$Proxy;
            }
            break;
        case -508378822:
            if (var10000.equals("clone()Ljava/lang/Object;")) {
                return CGLIB$clone$5$Proxy;
            }
            break;
        case 1826985398:
            if (var10000.equals("equals(Ljava/lang/Object;)Z")) {
                return CGLIB$equals$2$Proxy;
            }
            break;
        case 1872760011:
            if (var10000.equals("save()I")) {
                return CGLIB$save$0$Proxy;
            }
            break;
        case 1913648695:
            if (var10000.equals("toString()Ljava/lang/String;")) {
                return CGLIB$toString$3$Proxy;
            }
            break;
        case 1984935277:
            if (var10000.equals("hashCode()I")) {
                return CGLIB$hashCode$4$Proxy;
            }
        }

        return null;
    }

    public StudentServiceImpl$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$d8b55a1a() {
        CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this);
    }

    public static void CGLIB$SET_THREAD_CALLBACKS(Callback[] var0) {
        CGLIB$THREAD_CALLBACKS.set(var0);
    }

    public static void CGLIB$SET_STATIC_CALLBACKS(Callback[] var0) {
        CGLIB$STATIC_CALLBACKS = var0;
    }

    private static final void CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(Object var0) {
        StudentServiceImpl$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$d8b55a1a var1 = (StudentServiceImpl$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$d8b55a1a)var0;
        if (!var1.CGLIB$BOUND) {
            var1.CGLIB$BOUND = true;
            Object var10000 = CGLIB$THREAD_CALLBACKS.get();
            if (var10000 == null) {
                var10000 = CGLIB$STATIC_CALLBACKS;
                if (var10000 == null) {
                    return;
                }
            }

            var1.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0 = (MethodInterceptor)((Callback[])var10000)[0];
        }

    }

    public Object newInstance(Callback[] var1) {
        CGLIB$SET_THREAD_CALLBACKS(var1);
        StudentServiceImpl$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$d8b55a1a var10000 = new StudentServiceImpl$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$d8b55a1a();
        CGLIB$SET_THREAD_CALLBACKS((Callback[])null);
        return var10000;
    }

    public Object newInstance(Callback var1) {
        CGLIB$SET_THREAD_CALLBACKS(new Callback[]{var1});
        StudentServiceImpl$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$d8b55a1a var10000 = new StudentServiceImpl$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$d8b55a1a();
        CGLIB$SET_THREAD_CALLBACKS((Callback[])null);
        return var10000;
    }

    public Object newInstance(Class[] var1, Object[] var2, Callback[] var3) {
        CGLIB$SET_THREAD_CALLBACKS(var3);
        StudentServiceImpl$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$d8b55a1a var10000 = new StudentServiceImpl$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$d8b55a1a;
        switch(var1.length) {
        case 0:
            var10000.<init>();
            CGLIB$SET_THREAD_CALLBACKS((Callback[])null);
            return var10000;
        default:
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Constructor not found");
        }
    }

    public Callback getCallback(int var1) {
        CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this);
        MethodInterceptor var10000;
        switch(var1) {
        case 0:
            var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
            break;
        default:
            var10000 = null;
        }

        return var10000;
    }

    public void setCallback(int var1, Callback var2) {
        switch(var1) {
        case 0:
            this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0 = (MethodInterceptor)var2;
        default:
        }
    }

    public Callback[] getCallbacks() {
        CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this);
        return new Callback[]{this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0};
    }

    public void setCallbacks(Callback[] var1) {
        this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0 = (MethodInterceptor)var1[0];
    }

    static {
        CGLIB$STATICHOOK1();
    }
}

关键代码

public final int save() {
        MethodInterceptor var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
        if (var10000 == null) {
            CGLIB$BIND_CALLBACKS(this);
            var10000 = this.CGLIB$CALLBACK_0;
        }

        if (var10000 != null) {
            Object var1 = var10000.intercept(this, CGLIB$save$0$Method, CGLIB$emptyArgs, CGLIB$save$0$Proxy);
            return var1 == null ? 0 : ((Number)var1).intValue();
        } else {
            return super.save();
        }
    }

通过Cglib生成的代理类可以看出，Cglib生成代理类和JDK生成代理类的区别就是，Cglib并非像JDK一样，通过实现接口生成，Cglib通过继承被代理类实现方法增强，底层实现参考这篇解析CGLIB 动态代理及其原理分析_wadreamer的博客-CSDN博客_cglib动态代理实现原理

总结

JDK通过实现接口进行代理，Cglib通过继承类进行代理，Cglib 在类的生成阶段所做的操作会相对耗时，且生成的类的数目较多，会占据大量的元空间的内存（永久代）。但是，被代理类的子类一旦生成，之后的方法调用则变成搜索方法索引和直接调用，则在 switch-case 块不大，且当前调用方法的 index 在 switch-case 块的前部时，能够获得比 JDK 反射更高的效率。

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JDK和CGLIB动态代理的简单使用和底层分析

JDK通过实现接口进行代理，Cglib通过继承类进行代理，Cglib 在类的生成阶段所做的操作会相对耗时，且生成的类的数目较多，会占据大量的元空间的内存（永久代）。但是，被代理类的子类一旦生成，之后的方法调用则变成搜索方法索引和直接调用，则在 switch-case 块不大，且当前调用方法的 index 在 switch-case 块的前部时，能够获得比 JDK 反射更高的效率。
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