Servlet的监听器

Servlet常用的监听器
ServletContextAttributeListener 用来感知ServlerContext对象属性变化，比如添加或删除属性变化
ServletContextListener 用来感知ServlerContext对象的创建和销毁的
ServletRequestListener 可以用来监听感知ServletRequest对象的创建和销毁的
ServletRequestAttributeListener 用来感知ServletRequest属性变化，如何添加或删除属性还是替换
HttpSessionListener监听session的变化，常用于统计在线人数
HttpSessionAttributeListener用来监听Session属性变化
HttpSessionBindingListener 用来监听把一个数据绑定到Session对象 感知监听器
HttpSessionActivationListener用来监听session绑定的对象钝化(把对象持久化磁盘)
常用的有前6个

package com.sparrow.listener;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent;
import javax.servlet.ServletContextListener;

/**
 * @Author: 诉衷情の麻雀
 * @Description: 当一个类实现了ServletContextListener 是一个监听器，该类可以监听的事件
 * 由该类实现的监听接口决定 该类可以监听ServletContext的创建和销毁
 * 当web应用启动时，就会产生ServletContextEvent事件,会调用监听器的对应事件处理方法contextInitialized，同时会传递事件对象
 * 我们可以通过ServletContextEvent事件对象，来获取需要的信息，然后再进行业务处理
 * 需要在web.xml配置监听器这样才能使tomcat知道，底层使用反射机制
 * @DateTime: 2023/7/5 9:57
 **/
public class SparrowServletContextListener implements ServletContextListener {
    @Override
    public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent sce) {
        ServletContext servletContext = sce.getServletContext();
        System.out.println("SparrowServletContextListener监听到" + servletContext+ " 被创建...");
        //如果我们获取到ServletContext对象进行业务处理
    }

    @Override
    public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent sce) {
        ServletContext servletContext = sce.getServletContext();
        System.out.println("SparrowServletContextListener监听到" + servletContext+ " 被销毁...");
        //比如可以对servletContext数据进行处理 或者日志的管理
        System.out.println("进行处理");


    }
}

/**
 * @Author: 诉衷情の麻雀
 * @Description: TODO
 * @DateTime: 2023/7/5 10:10
 **/
public class SparrowServletContextAttributeListener implements ServletContextAttributeListener {
    @Override
    public void attributeAdded(ServletContextAttributeEvent scae) {
        System.out.println("SparrowServletContextAttributeListener监听到"+ scae.getName());
    }

    @Override
    public void attributeRemoved(ServletContextAttributeEvent scae) {
        System.out.println("SparrowServletContextAttributeListener监听到:" + scae.getValue());
    }


    @Override
    public void attributeReplaced(ServletContextAttributeEvent scae) {

    }
}

ServletContextAttributeListener属性监听器

package com.sparrow.listener;

import javax.servlet.ServletContextAttributeEvent;
import javax.servlet.ServletContextAttributeListener;

/**
 * @Author: 诉衷情の麻雀
 * @Description: TODO
 * @DateTime: 2023/7/5 10:10
 **/
public class SparrowServletContextAttributeListener implements ServletContextAttributeListener {
    @Override
    public void attributeAdded(ServletContextAttributeEvent scae) {
        System.out.println("SparrowServletContextAttributeListener监听到添加属性:"+ scae.getName()+"=" + scae.getValue());
    }

    @Override
    public void attributeRemoved(ServletContextAttributeEvent scae) {
        System.out.println("SparrowServletContextAttributeListener监听到删除属性:" + scae.getName() + "="+ scae.getValue());
    }


    @Override
    public void attributeReplaced(ServletContextAttributeEvent scae) {
        System.out.println("SparrowServletContextAttributeListener监听到修改/替换属性:" + scae.getName() + "="+ scae.getValue());
    }
}

配置一个HelloServlet

/**
 * @Author: 诉衷情の麻雀
 * @Description: TODO
 * @DateTime: 2023/7/18 19:59
 **/
public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(req,resp);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("helloServlet被调用了");
        ServletContext servletContext = req.getServletContext();
        servletContext.setAttribute("name", "诉衷情の麻雀");
        servletContext.setAttribute("name", "诉衷情の麻雀");
        servletContext.removeAttribute("name");
    }
}

   <servlet>
        <servlet-name>HelloServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.sparrow.servlet.HelloServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>HelloServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/helloServlet</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

HttpSessionListener

/**
 * @Author: 诉衷情の麻雀
 * @Description: TODO
 * @DateTime: 2023/7/5 10:25
 **/
public class SparrowHttpSessionListener implements HttpSessionListener {

    @Override
    public void sessionCreated(HttpSessionEvent se) {
        HttpSession session = se.getSession();
        //当session创建时设置一个生命周期
        session.setMaxInactiveInterval(30);
        System.out.println("SparrowHttpSessionListener监听到session创建= " + session.getId());
    }


    @Override
    public void sessionDestroyed(HttpSessionEvent se) {
        HttpSession session = se.getSession();
        System.out.println("SparrowHttpSessionListener监听到session销毁= " + session.getId());
    }
}

 @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //获取session
        HttpSession session = req.getSession(); //如果没有就创建

    }

配置监听器

 <!--配置监听器-->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>com.sparrow.listener.SparrowHttpSessionListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>com.sparrow.listener.SparrowServletContextListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>com.sparrow.listener.SparrowServletContextAttributeListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>com.sparrow.listener.SparrowRequestListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

HttpSessionAttributeListener

package com.sparrow.listener;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionAttributeListener;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionBindingEvent;

/**
* @Author: 诉衷情の麻雀
* @Description: TODO
* @DateTime: 2023/7/18 20:26
**/
public class SparrowHttpSessionAttributeListener implements HttpSessionAttributeListener {
   @Override
   public void attributeAdded(HttpSessionBindingEvent se) {
       System.out.println("SparrowHttpSessionAttributeListener 监听到session添加属性了" + se.getName() + "=" + se.getValue() );
   }

   @Override
   public void attributeRemoved(HttpSessionBindingEvent se) {
       System.out.println("SparrowHttpSessionAttributeListener 监听到session删除属性了" + se.getName());
   }

   @Override
   public void attributeReplaced(HttpSessionBindingEvent se) {
       System.out.println("SparrowHttpSessionAttributeListener 监听到session修改属性了" + se.getName() + "=" + se.getValue() );

   }
}

ServletRequestListener监听器

作用：监听Request对象的创建和销毁
常用于监控某个IP访问网站频率/用户访问的页面、资源(日志)

public class SparrowRequestListener implements ServletRequestListener {
    @Override
    public void requestInitialized(ServletRequestEvent sre) {
        System.out.println("监听到request对象创建");
        ServletRequest servletRequest = sre.getServletRequest();
        System.out.println("访问IP=" + servletRequest.getRemoteAddr());
        System.out.println("访问的资源=" + ((HttpServletRequest) servletRequest).getRequestURL());

    }

    @Override
    public void requestDestroyed(ServletRequestEvent sre) {
        System.out.println("监听到request对象被销毁");
    }
}

ServletRequestAttributeListener监听器

作用：监听Request属性变化

public class SparrowRequestAttributeListener implements ServletRequestAttributeListener {
    @Override
    public void attributeAdded(ServletRequestAttributeEvent srae) {
        
    }

    @Override
    public void attributeRemoved(ServletRequestAttributeEvent srae) {
        ServletRequestAttributeListener.super.attributeRemoved(srae);
    }

    @Override
    public void attributeReplaced(ServletRequestAttributeEvent srae) {
        ServletRequestAttributeListener.super.attributeReplaced(srae);
    }
}