配置MySQL多实例在Centos7

1，进入官网下载专用的mysql安装包，专用的才支持多实例

https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

2，配置mysql安装环境，首先确保你已经卸载全部之前安装过的mysql文件

# 卸载方法
yum list installed | grep mysql
yum remove -y mysql-community-server

3，上传安装包到你的虚拟机或者服务器

4,解压然后移动到本地要安装的文件夹

tar -xf mysql-5.7.42-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.7.42-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

5，接下来编写my.cnf配置文件

如果想了解my.cnf文件 里面的参数都是什么意思====》》》

https://developer.aliyun.com/article/822935

vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld_multi]
mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
user = root
​
[mysqld1]
datadir = /mysqlmul/mysqld1
port = 3306
log-error = /mysqlmul/mysqld1/mysqld1.err
pid-file = /mysqlmul/mysqld1/mysqld1.pid
socket = /mysqlmul/mysqld1/mysqld1.sock
​
[mysqld2]
datadir = /mysqlmul/mysqld2
port = 3307
log-error = /mysqlmul/mysqld2/mysqld2.err
pid-file = /mysqlmul/mysqld2/mysqld2.pid
socket = /mysqlmul/mysqld2/mysqld2.sock

6，创建工作目录

mkdir -p /mysqlmul/mysqld1
mkdir -p /mysqlmul/mysqld2

7，将mysql添加到环境变量

vim /etc/profile

export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH

source /etc/profile

8，新建MySQL用户

useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql

9，启动第一台

mysqld_multi start 1

接下来 拿着这个生成的密码登录mysql

 mysql -uroot -p -S /mysqlmul/mysqld1/mysqld1.sock

在修改当前的用户密码 就可以

mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

10，启动第二台

mysqld_multi start 2

mysql -uroot -p'e?&xLb.Zw8:n' -S /mysqlmul/mysqld2/mysqld2.sock


mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)


mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

11，接下来验证 可以看到3306，3307 端口都在listen 实验成功

扩展 在原基础上添加一个或多个实例

 1，首先编辑/etc/my.cnf文件，添加新的实列配置就可以，配置如下

[mysqld_multi]
mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
user = root

[mysqld1]   
datadir = /mysqlmul/mysqld1
port = 3306 
log-error = /mysqlmul/mysqld1/mysqld1.err
pid-file = /mysqlmul/mysqld1/mysqld1.pid
socket = /mysqlmul/mysqld1/mysqld1.sock
              
[mysqld2] 
datadir = /mysqlmul/mysqld2
port = 3307 
log-error = /mysqlmul/mysqld2/mysqld2.err
pid-file = /mysqlmul/mysqld2/mysqld2.pid
socket = /mysqlmul/mysqld2/mysqld2.sock

[mysqld3] 
datadir = /mysqlmul/mysqld3
port = 3308 
log-error = /mysqlmul/mysqld3/mysqld3.err
pid-file = /mysqlmul/mysqld3/mysqld3.pid
socket = /mysqlmul/mysqld3/mysqld3.sock

2，再重新按照以下命令启动就可以 密码配置同上面的配置就可以

   mysqld_multi start  3

12，验证 可以看见由两台实例变为三台实例