ubuntu 20.04 安装k8s指南

基础环境检查

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1，设置主机名 hostnamectl

hostnamectl set-hostname xxxx

主机名加入/etc/hosts

2，配置系统网络 

root@k1:~#cd /etc/netplan/

root@k1:~# vi /etc/netplan/00-installer-config.yaml 
# This is the network config written by 'subiquity'
network:
  ethernets:
    ens18:
      addresses: [172.17.50.28/24]
      gateway4: 172.17.50.254
      nameservers:
        addresses: [114.114.114.114]
      dhcp4: no
  version: 2
root@k1:~# netplay apply

注：dns修改/etc/resolv.conf 会被覆盖，dns设置在netplan文件中

3, 系统时间确认

timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai

4, 关闭swap

root@k2:~# swapoff -a
root@k2:~# vi /etc/fstab

注释掉swap 那行

5，更新apt 国内源

1）

sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list << EOF
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
EOF

2）

# curl -s https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | apt-key add -

# tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list <<EOF 
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/ kubernetes-xenial main
EOF

6, apt-get update

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软件安装

1，apt-get update

2, 安装 docker

apt-get install docker.io -y

3, 安装k8s组件

apt-get install -y kubelet=1.23.6-00 kubeadm=1.23.6 kubectl=1.23.6

4, 阻止自动更新

apt-mark hold kubeadm kubelet kubectl

5, 修改docker 镜像源地址

#docker info 查看当前镜像地址

vi /etc/docker/daemon.json

{

    "registry-mirrors": ["https://registry.docker-cn.com"],

    "live-restore": true，

    "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"]

}

6, 初始化集群控制节点

原始初始化命令：kubeadm init --apiserver-advertise-address $(hostname -i)

原始初始化命令会因为无法拉取镜像而报错，修改阿里云地址：

kubeadm init --image-repository=registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 --kubernetes-version=v1.24.2

kubelet无法启动报错，修改docker driver为systemd
kubelet is not properly working on 1.22 version - k8shttps://sysnet4admin.gitbook.io/k8s/trouble-shooting/cluster-build/kubelet-is-not-properly-working-on-1.22-version#1.error-during-kubeadm-init7, 集群创建成功的日志

Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!

To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:

  mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
  sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
  sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

Alternatively, if you are the root user, you can run:

  export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf

You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
  https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/

Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:

kubeadm join 172.17.50.29:6443 --token ma9niu.dr7wavctoym5oiiz \
    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:7b0f1824ea07ed6de7a2fb07b9dabfe040e03b8296fc9e76330c3e2eaf4c0de6 

8，检查集群状态：

首先输出环境变量：

export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf

查看节点状态：

root@k1:~# kubectl get nodes
NAME   STATUS     ROLES                  AGE   VERSION
k1     NotReady   control-plane,master   49m   v1.23.2

解决节点 not ready 问题

https://www.containiq.com/post/debugging-kubernetes-nodes-in-not-ready-state

9，安装集群网络插件：

网络插件导读：

https://www.skynemo.cn/archives/01-k8s-install-with-kubeadm

kubectl apply -n kube-system -f \
    "https://cloud.weave.works/k8s/net?k8s-version=$(kubectl version | base64 |tr -d '\n')"

10，查看节点状态：

root@k1:/etc/docker# kubectl get node
NAME   STATUS   ROLES                  AGE   VERSION
k1     Ready    control-plane,master   19h   v1.23.2
k2     Ready    <none>                 16h   v1.23.3
k3     Ready    <none>                 83m   v1.23.3